Annals of The Entomological Society of America最新文献

{"title":"How mixture of plant and prey diets affects long-term rearing of predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae)","authors":"Shima Yazdanpanah, Y. Fathipour","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad006","url":null,"abstract":"The phytoseiid mite Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is one of the well-known natural enemies across the globe which can feed on different types of pests and pollen grains. This predator was reared on the mixture of the stored products mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae) (as prey diet) along with different plant pollens (as plant diet) including almond (TA), cattail (TC), castor-bean (TCb), date (TD), saffron (TS), and mixed pollens of almond, cattail, castor bean, and date (TP) for 20 generations (G1–G20). The effects of the mixed plant and prey diets on biological parameters of N. cucumeris were evaluated under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) h every 10 generations (G1, G10, and G20). N. cucumeris showed the highest performance on the mixed pollens + T. putrescentiae (TP diet) among the diets tested. Our findings revealed almost stable performance of the predator by long-term feeding on a mixture of pollen and prey diet and this combination can use as a suitable alternative food for mass rearing of N. cucumeris. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"185 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42433518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extinction Threat to a Previously Undescribed Species of Gall Wasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) and Two Associated Parasitoid Species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae and Eulophidae) on a Threatened Rose.","authors":"Yoshihisa Abe,&nbsp;Tatsuya Ide,&nbsp;Kazunori Matsuo,&nbsp;Kaoru Maeto,&nbsp;Yajiao Wu","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Diplolepis ogawai</i> Abe and Ide sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) induces galls on <i>Rosa hirtula</i> (Regel) Nakai (Rosales: Rosaceae), which is endemic to a restricted area of Honshu, the main island of Japan. The gall is induced mainly on the leaf of <i>R</i>. <i>hirtula</i> in spring and the mature gall falls to the ground in early summer. The gall-inducing wasp emerges from the gall on the ground in the following spring, suggesting that <i>D</i>. <i>ogawai</i> is univoltine. From spring to summer, the braconid <i>Syntomernus flavus</i> Samartsev and Ku and the eulophid <i>Aprostocetus</i> sp. are parasitic on the larva of <i>D</i>. <i>ogawai</i> in the gall, and the adult wasp of both parasitoid species emerges from the gall on the ground in summer. For <i>S</i>. <i>flavus</i>, this is the first distribution record in Japan and the first host record. Since <i>R</i>. <i>hirtula</i> is threatened with extinction by succession and deforestation, <i>D</i>. <i>ogawai</i> and its two parasitoid wasp species are considered to be at risk of coextinction with the threatened rose. In the event that the population size of this rose species is further reduced, <i>D</i>. <i>ogawai</i> and its parasitoids may -become extinct prior to the extinction of <i>R</i>. <i>hirtula</i>. To conserve these three wasp species associated with <i>R</i>. <i>hirtula</i>, protection of remnant vegetation where individuals of this threatened rose species grow is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 3","pages":"154-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10187585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9846159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Trophic Ecology Drives Annual Variation in Abundance of Aphidophagous (Coccinellidae, Coleoptera and Chrysopidae, Neuroptera) and Phytophagous (Noctuidae, Lepidoptera) Insects: Evidence From Light Traps","authors":"Novák, Martinková, Saska, Kulfan, Holecová, Jauschová, Zach","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad012","url":null,"abstract":"Using seventeen-year records of daily light trap catches of predatory Neuroptera (Chrysopidae, 13 species) and Coleoptera (Coccinellidae, 10 species), and of phytophagous Lepidoptera (Noctuidae, 79 species) we tested a hypothesis predicting that the range of annual fluctuations of catch size is greater in aphidophages, whose diet occurs irregularly and locally, than in phytophages, whose diet is available regularly and abundantly. The ranges of fluctuations of annual catches measured as the coefficient of variance (standard deviation expressed as a percentage of the average) of detrended annual catches were significantly greater in Chrysopidae (84 ± 7.1%) and Coccinellidae (121 ± 14.0%) than in Noctuidae (66 ± 2.6%). The difference between aphidophages and phytophages remained when we tested differences between the former and the samples of Noctuidae consisting only of those species whose characteristics (abundance, length and timing of flight period, number of generations per season, overwintering stage) were the same as in aphidophages. Similarly, no differences were found between sets of Noctuidae species that have characteristics (abundance, voltinism, period of flight activity) similar to aphidophages and sets of Noctuidae species that have contrary characteristics. Flight abilities of aphidophages are smaller than those of Noctuidae. As a result of this difference a light trap collects populations of aphidophages from a smaller area than populations of Noctuidae. Thus the extent of fluctuations of catch size of aphidophagous and phytophagous species is influenced both by annual differences in food availability and by differences in size of the area from which the individuals assembling to the light source are recruited.","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"238 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45554926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle of Melittobia acasta (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) using Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) as a host","authors":"Alan R Anderson, R. Ramirez, J. E. Creech, T. Pitts‐Singer","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad011","url":null,"abstract":"Megachile rotundata F. is the primary commercial pollinator for alfalfa seed production in North America. Managed M. rotundata populations are susceptible to several mortality factors including attack by parasitoids. One such parasitoid, Melittobia acasta Walker, is a multivoltine wasp whose infestations can decimate bee stocks. Details of M. acasta life history using M. rotundata as a host are needed to develop control strategies. Our objectives were (i) to describe the M. acasta life cycle using M. rotundata prepupae as hosts and (ii) to determine the M. acasta developmental base temperature and propose a degree-day model. First, 150–300 M. acasta adults were introduced to 60 M. rotundata prepupae (10–20 wasp females/4 bee prepupae) upon which they oviposited. Progeny development (at 30 °C) was monitored through adulthood. We identified 12 distinct phases of the M. acasta life cycle that were observed among samples over an average of 19.5 days. Second, vials each containing a M. rotundata prepupa with M. acasta eggs were positioned across a temperature gradient bar (2 vials per temperature). In repeated trials, wasp development was tracked from egg to adult where a mean development time for 30 °C was found to be 13 days. A linear regression analysis determined the lower developmental temperature threshold to be 8.55 °C. Application of this base temperature in a degree-day model revealed an average of 305.8-degree-day accumulation from egg to adult. These results provide a framework to assist bee managers in devising M. acasta control strategies and timing their implementation.","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"207 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48883315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic competition between 2 pupal parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)","authors":"A. Garcez, A. P. Krüger, D. E. Nava","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad010","url":null,"abstract":"The parasitoids Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae Rondani (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and Trichopria anastrephae Costa Lima (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) have great potential in controlling Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura); however, both, compete for the same resources. In this study, we evaluated whether the different stages of development of the primary parasitoid reduce the negative effect of intrinsic competition. For this, we first defined the duration of each immature stage of both parasitoid species and then offered D. suzukii pupae containing the first parasitoid (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) at different stages of development to the second parasitoid (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae). We also checked the second parasitoid's preference (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) for the primary parasitoid at different stages of development (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) or D. suzukii pupae nonparasitized. Our evaluations showed that T. anastrephae preferred to parasitize pupae that were not previously parasitized and that had not parasitized puparia of D. suzukii when P. vindemmiae was in later stage to the 1st instar. However, P. vindemmiae preferred to parasitize pupae previously parasitized by T. anastrephae. In an environment of intrinsic competition, the first parasitoid to parasitize has an advantage, except when the pupal stage of T. anastrephae is parasitized by P. vindemmiae. The variation in the parasitoids' oviposition time mitigates the competition effect; however, for use in biological control programs, the hyperparasitoids P. vindemmiae, does not prove to be advantageous, as they can affect the establishment of primary parasitoids such as T. anastrephae, and can act as competitors for resources.","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"145 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45730320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction of: Symbiotic Association Between Ants and Fungus","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"184 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45458255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein Deficient Diets: Cascade Effects on a Lepidopteran Pest and Its Parasitoid Wasp","authors":"V. Hervet, R. Laird, K. Floate","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saac029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saac029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The nutritional quality of herbivorous insects' food can not only directly affect the herbivorous insects themselves, but can also indirectly affect their parasitoids. To investigate these cascading, multi-trophic effects, we reared cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on artificial diets (8.1, 11.5, 16.75, 25.5, 34.25, and 43 g protein/liter diet) to assess how diet protein content affected the development of this common pest and its suitability as a host for the gregarious parasitoid, Cotesia vanessae (Reinhard) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Nonparasitized caterpillars experienced increased mortality when reared on 8.1 g protein/liter diet, and slower development and reduced pupal mass when reared on ≤16.75 g protein/liter diet. Host diet did not affect the percentage of hosts with parasitoid emergence nor the mass of individual parasitoids. However, parasitoid broods emerging from caterpillars reared on ≤25.5 g protein/liter diet were smaller and those reared on ≤16.75 g protein/liter diet exhibited prolonged development. The consequences of host diet on these latter F1 parasitoids did not affect their reproductive fitness. Caterpillars compensated for nutrient stress, induced by either low quality diet or parasitism, by increasing the amount of diet that they consumed. These collective results demonstrate the plasticity of host-parasitoid systems. Compensatory feeding allows the host caterpillar to moderate the consequences of low quality diets, which may subsequently affect the F1 parasitoids developing within the host, but not necessarily affect the F2 parasitoid generation. Résumé La qualité nutritionnelle de la nourriture des insectes herbivores peu non seulement affecter directement les insecte herbivores mais aussi indirectement les parasitoïdes des insectes herbivores. Pour examiner ces effets multitrophiques, nous avons élevé des larves de la fausse-arpenteuse du chou, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), sur des milieux nutritif artificiel (8,1; 11,5; 16,75; 25,5; 34,25 et 43 g de protéine par litre) pour évaluer comment le taux de protéine du milieu nutritif affectait le développement de ce ravageur commun et sa qualité en tant qu'hôte pour le parasitoïde grégaire Cotesia vanessae (Reinhard) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Pour les chenilles non-parasitées, un accroissement de mortalité a été observé pour celles élevées sur le milieu nutritif contenant 8,1 g de protéines par litre, et un accroissement du temps de développement et une réduction de la masse des chrysalides ont été observé pour celles élevées sur les milieux nutritifs contenant au plus 16,75 g de protéines par litre. Le taux de protéines dans l'alimentation des chenilles n'a pas influencé le pourcentage de chenilles parasitées qui ont produits des parasitoïdes, ni la masse individuelle des parasitoïdes. Cependant, les chenilles parasitées élevées sur les milieux nutritifs contenant au plus 25,5 g de protéines par litre ont p","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"162 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49264800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predation by the Introduced BrownWidow Spider (Araneae: Theridiidae) May Explain Local Extinctions of Native BlackWidows in Urban Habitats","authors":"Louis A Coticchio, R. Vetter, D. Cassill","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Invertebrates that successfully colonize new habitats often share life history characteristics including high fertility, rapid development, and early maturation. Since its introduction into Florida, USA, the non-native Brown Widow, Latrodectus geometricus (Kock 1841, Araneae: Theridiidae), has rapidly expanded its range into urban areas as far north as Kansas and as far west as California. During its expansion, the Brown Widow has displaced Florida's Southern Black Widow, L. mactans (Fabricius 1775, Araneae: Tjerodoodae) and California's Western Black Widow, L. Hesperus (Chamber lin & Ivie 1935, Araneae: Theridiidae). Here, based on a field survey and controlled laboratory experiments, we report possible causes for the rapid disappearance of Florida's Southern Black Widows. Our field survey revealed that Brown Widows have twice the fertility potential as Southern Black Widows. In experiments comparing development, we show that sub-adult Brown Widows grew faster and matured earlier relative to Southern Black Widows. In our experiments on cohabitation with neighbors, bold Brown Widows were six times more likely to kill and consume shy Southern Black Widows than bold cobweb spiders and three times more likely to cohabitate with bold cobweb spiders than with shy Southern Black Widows. Our model of maternal risk-management revealed that competition for scarce prey was not a significant cause of offspring mortality for Latrodectus species. Hence, Brown Widows are not predating Black Widows or other cobweb spiders because prey is scarce. To our knowledge, this study is the first to suggest that aggressive predation by Brown Widows is a significant factor contributing to the local extinction of the shy Southern Black Widow in urban structures.","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"174 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45294704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewers for Annals of the Entomological Society of America(November 2021–October 2022)","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"141 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41828641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Vision and Mission for the Annals of the ESA","authors":"D. Onstad","doi":"10.1093/aesa/saad005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saad005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8076,"journal":{"name":"Annals of The Entomological Society of America","volume":"116 1","pages":"75 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42286020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}