Tribology Letters最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Electric Current on the Tribochemical Behavior of Friction Modifier Additives","authors":"Zhengyuan Peng,&nbsp;Frédéric Georgi,&nbsp;Pierre Montmitonnet,&nbsp;Imène Lahouij","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02167-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02167-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The control of frictional losses in the drivetrains of electrified vehicles is a key factor in ensuring their long-term reliability and improving their efficiency, thereby contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions. To achieve this, friction modifiers are added to transmission lubricants to control friction between moving parts. However, their behavior under electrical stress, which may be induced by stray currents in electric powertrains, remains poorly understood. In this work, a ball-on-disc tribometer equipped to apply a controlled direct current was used to compare the performance of an organic amide-ester ashless friction modifier and molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate (MoDTC) under electrified and non-electrified conditions. The influence of current intensity on the coefficient of friction (CoF) and wear at the ball–disk interface was systematically assessed. The results show that, compared with MoDTC, the amide-ester OFM is more sensitive to the presence of electrical current. From an applied current of 0.05 A, an increase in both friction and wear is observed. By contrast, MoDTC maintains a CoF close to that obtained under zero-current conditions up to 0.4 A, with only slight wear detected. At 0.5 A, MoDTC initially fails to provide low friction; however, after a running-in period, the CoF drops sharply and returns to the level measured in non-electrified tests. SEM–EDX and XPS analyses suggest that this transient increase in CoF arises from the oxidation of MoS₂ under high current, whereas a pre-formed MoS₂ tribofilm can withstand electrical stress, maintaining stable low friction and significantly limiting wear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-026-02167-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Friction-Induced Phonon Dissipation in PdSe2 Van Der Waals Heterostructures","authors":"Mengzhao Wang,&nbsp;Yang Xiao,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zong,&nbsp;Yuqian Huang,&nbsp;Kaiyuan Xue,&nbsp;Ming Xie,&nbsp;Xuqing Liu,&nbsp;Weihong Qi","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02168-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02168-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to their intrinsically incommensurate interfaces, two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures are promising candidates for achieving stable structural superlubricity. However, substantial differences in interlayer friction are still observed among different heterostructures. In this study, nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate, at the atomic scale, how phonon-mediated dissipation governs frictional behavior. The results show that in the MoS₂/PdSe₂ heterostructure, stronger interlayer interactions and larger substrate potential corrugation make the friction process more strongly dominated by the substrate potential, resulting in a higher friction force and friction coefficient. In contrast, the graphene/MoS₂ and graphene/PdSe₂ heterostructures exhibit smoother potential energy surfaces, and their frictional behavior is governed mainly by the resonant vibration of the cantilever-probe system. Increasing the normal load enhances friction by increasing the interfacial potential corrugation and the associated mechanical work, which is dissipated through amplified excitation of substrate phonons at the washboard frequency. Among the three systems, MoS₂/PdSe₂ exhibits the most pronounced increase in the phonon population at this frequency, corresponding to a higher friction coefficient and a more pronounced linear load dependence. Increasing the sliding velocity enhances energy dissipation by increasing both the frequency and the population of low-frequency phonons. When a harmonic of the washboard frequency approaches the natural frequency of the cantilever-probe system, resonance is triggered, leading to a peak in friction force. This work clarifies the phonon-mediated dissipation mechanisms in different two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures and provides new insights into the understanding and regulation of interfacial friction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribological Performance of DLC Coatings Under Starved Lubrication","authors":"Larissa Ihara,&nbsp;Albano Cavaleiro,&nbsp;Ardian Morina,&nbsp;Liuquan Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02165-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02165-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings, known for their low friction and wear resistance in certain conditions, offer a promising alternative to reduce or eliminate lubrication with no pronounced detriment to tribological performance. As an approach to minimise lubricant use in gear, thus enhancing its energy efficiency by reducing lubricant drag and making the application more environmentally friendly, this study investigated the tribological performance of DLC coatings under unlubricated and increasingly severe starved lubrication conditions. Uncoated, hydrogen-free and hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C and a-C:H, respectively)-coated steel samples were tested to evaluate the potential of DLC coatings as a solid lubricant and their ability to improve friction and load-carrying capacity compared to uncoated steel under starved lubrication. The experimental results demonstrated that both types of DLC coatings significantly outperformed uncoated steel under all test conditions, maintaining lower friction and better wear resistance. Under starved lubrication, DLC-coated samples exhibited stable, low friction and minimal wear, with no significant correlation between lubricant quantity and wear rate. In unlubricated conditions, DLC coatings showed increased wear at elevated temperatures (60 °C), but performed well at ambient temperature and humidity; a-C proved particularly effective with regard to wear in ambient conditions. These findings suggest that DLC coatings offer a viable and sustainable solution to optimise gear efficiency by reducing the amount of lubricant needed, while still providing superior tribological performance compared to uncoated steel, ensuring low friction and high load-carrying capacity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-026-02165-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148280971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on Roughness and Pleasantness Perceptual Descriptors Through Tactile Stimuli Delivered by a Vibrotactile Device Mimicking Periodic and Isotropic Textures","authors":"Livia Felicetti,&nbsp;Serena Michetti,&nbsp;Mihaela Juganaru,&nbsp;Jenny Faucheu,&nbsp;Eric Chatelet,&nbsp;Francesco Massi","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02159-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02159-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sense of touch relies on mechanical stimuli that are generated between the finger and the surface during the tactile exploration. Among them, the vibrational stimuli are fundamental to perceiving the fine textures. A vibrotactile rendering device has been used to deliver vibrational stimuli to testers. The stimuli were inspired by Friction-Induced Vibrations (FIV) measured by scannin<i>g</i> periodic and isotropic textures, having, respectively, narrow-band and broadband spectral distributions. The stimuli have been parametrized with different frequency bands and amplitude levels. Through sensory campaigns, volunteers assessed the roughness and the pleasantness of the textures they imagined to be associated with the tactile stimuli, provided by the tactile rendering device. Statistical analyses have been performed on the sensory campaign’s results. Frequency and amplitude of the stimuli have been strongly correlated with the perception of roughness and pleasantness descriptors. The obtained results have both confirmed previous knowledge and revealed new important insights on the features of vibration stimuli responsible for texture perception.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-026-02159-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrified Wear in Lubricated Contacts: Effect of AC versus DC voltages","authors":"Ammad Yousuf,&nbsp;Hugh Spikes,&nbsp;Liang Guo,&nbsp;Amir Kadiric","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02152-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02152-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The presence of shaft voltages and currents in electrical machines is known to cause damage and premature failure of lubricated rolling-sliding contacts such as those in rolling element bearings. Damage due to high current discharge events in contacts operating in full-film lubrication is relatively well documented and understood. However, for tribological contacts operating in mixed lubrication, where the load is supported by both hydrodynamic oil film and surface asperity contacts, the mechanism of electrical damage is more complex and poorly understood. This study presents a systematic comparison of the effects of direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) voltages on surface damage in rolling-sliding contacts operating in the mixed lubrication regime. A modified ball-on-disc MTM-SLIM rig is used to apply controlled DC or AC voltages across a rolling-sliding lubricated ball-disc contact. Ball and disc are both made of AISI 52100 bearing steel and tests are performed with three oils, a polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil blended with ZDDP anti-wear additive (PAO+ZDDP), PAO base oil blended with organic friction modifier oleylamine (PAO+OAm), and a commercial automatic transmission fluid (ATF). The results show that the wear in electrified contacts is strongly dependent on oil chemistry and voltage type, DC or AC. For PAO+ZDDP, which forms a relatively thick, electrically insulating but patchy tribofilms, DC voltage leads to increased wear on the anodic surface that is concentrated in specific regions or bands; this is thought to be due to the current density increasing in the regions where tribofilm is not present or is thin The wear on cathode is relatively unaffected by presence of voltage. Under AC voltages, the wear with PAO+ZDDP is distributed equally across the two contacting surfaces; this is likely due to continuous polarity switching so that each surface spends half the time as anode and half the time as the cathode. For PAO+OAm and ATF, a DC voltage leads to a two orders of magnitude increase in wear on the cathodic surface compared to non-electrified conditions; this is thought to be due to tribo-electrochemical reactions leading to the formation of hard surface compounds on the anodic surface and a softer layer on the cathodic surface, causing polishing wear of the cathodic surface. Under AC voltages, the wear with PAO+OAm and the ATF is much reduced; this is thought to be because the relevant tribo-electrochemical reactions that took place under DC voltages are disrupted under AC voltages, in turn suppressing the associated electrified wear. Novel phase-synchronised AC tests, where a given part of the disc is always either an anode or a cathode despite AC voltage signal, confirm that under relatively low frequencies (35 Hz) these differences in wear between AC and DC are not because the tribo-electrochemical reactions do not have time to occur under AC, they still occur within individual contact cycles, but polarity reversal in","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-026-02152-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-Mechanical Finite Element Modeling of Transient Wheel–Rail Rolling Contact of Freight Wagon Under Tread Braking Condition","authors":"Yifei Luo,&nbsp;Xiaowei Zhao,&nbsp;Gongquan Tao,&nbsp;Zefeng Wen,&nbsp;Wenjian Wang,&nbsp;Weixin Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02163-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02163-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The nonuniform wheel temperature rise of freight wagon wheel during tread braking increases the complexity of wheel–rail contact and invalidates the conventional contact theories. To address this, a three-dimensional fully coupled thermo-mechanical finite element model is developed, implementing an efficient method to resolve the incompatibility in mesh size and time increment of wheel–brake shoe and wheel–rail contact. The transient wheel–rail rolling contact during the entire braking process is investigated in detail, and the thermal effect is quantified. The results show a 24% increase in contact area, as the maximum normal contact stress decreases by 9% and the tangential contact stress remains relatively stable during tread braking. The normal and tangential contact stresses exhibit dependency on the subsurface thermal softening and surface temperature, respectively, which necessitates consideration of the full temperature field, rather than only the surface temperature of the wheel, in the wheel–rail normal contact solution. The circumferential and longitudinal distributions of residual temperature on the wheel and rail can be fitted to exponential functions, indicating a maximum wheel temperature decrease of 36 ℃ for a wheel revolution and a maximum rail temperature increase of 45 ℃ for one wheelbase passage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148236565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Synergistic Effect of Mesoporous SiO2 and MoS2 on the Tribological Properties of Calcium Sulfonate Complex Grease","authors":"Jiqing Wang,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Yuan Gao,&nbsp;Binglong Zhang,&nbsp;Penghui Gong,&nbsp;Mingpan Xue,&nbsp;Yingxuan Li,&nbsp;Cheng Wang,&nbsp;Jiayu Yang,&nbsp;Qianying Jia,&nbsp;Kuaishe Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02164-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02164-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modern industry has an increasingly urgent demand for high-performance greases, especially under extreme working conditions, where the insufficient performance of traditional greases has become increasingly prominent. This study used ultrasonication to mix MoS₂ and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to prepare MoS₂-MSNs, aiming to investigate the synergistic effect of the two components on the physicochemical properties and tribological performance of calcium sulfonate complex grease (CSCG). The results indicated that the incorporation of MoS₂-MSNs improved water washout resistance and evaporation resistance of the CSCG by 38.15 and 35.29%. When the concentration of MoS₂-MSNs was 1.0 wt.%, the maximum non-seizure load of the grease was increased by 33.96% compared with the base grease, and the coefficient of friction was reduced by 34.65%. Mechanism analysis revealed that MoS₂-MSNs enhance the performance of CSCG through the advantages of multiple structures: MSNs adsorb and release base oil via their pore structure to achieve continuous lubrication and can inhibit the agglomeration behavior of MoS₂, thereby optimizing the lubrication state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148236699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonmonotonic Concentration-Dependent Friction Between Two Sheets of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene","authors":"Jinrui Liu,&nbsp;Xuehua Zhang,&nbsp;Yining Zhang,&nbsp;Huiwen Xiang,&nbsp;Meng Li,&nbsp;Bin Zhao,&nbsp;Shichang Yao,&nbsp;Jianjun Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02161-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02161-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atomic doping is a promising strategy for tuning the tribological properties of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials. However, the correlation between frictional behavior and doping concentration remains to be systematically investigated. In this study, the dependence of interlayer frictional properties on doping concentration in nitrogen‑doped bilayer graphene was investigated, with the doping concentration ranging from 0 to 25%. The results demonstrate that the interlayer friction barrier exhibits an obvious nonmonotonic variation trend. Specifically, as the doping concentration increases, the friction decreases gradually until approximately 8%, beyond which it transitions to an increasing tendency. The friction attains its maximum value at a doping concentration of 12.5%, followed by a subsequent reduction and reaches a local minimum at 23%, after which it reverts to an increasing trend. This nonmonotonic evolution is mainly attributed to the modulation of interlayer π‑π stacking interactions induced by doping, which effectively alters the corrugation of interlayer spacing and the interlayer sliding barrier along the sliding path. The results suggest that certain doping concentrations may facilitate conditions favorable for “superlubricity.” This study deepens the understanding of tailoring surface tribological characteristics through atomic doping strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148236456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tire Tread Block Dynamics","authors":"N. Miyashita,&nbsp;B. N. J. Persson","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02150-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02150-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Temperature has a crucial influence on rubber friction and tire dynamics. The temperature field in a rubber tread block is the sum of the <i>background temperature</i> <span>(T_0(textbf{x},t))</span>, which varies slowly in time and space, and the <i>flash temperature</i> <span>(Delta T(textbf{x},t))</span>, which in nonzero only close to the macroasperity contact regions, and which varies rapidly in time often on the millisecond time scale. Here, we study the motion of a single tire tread block and how it is influenced by the flash temperature. We also present a theory and experimental results for the size of the macroasperity contact regions. In particular, we show that for a large enough nominal contact area, in most cases the diameter <i>D</i> of the macroasperity contact regions are nearly independent of the elastic modulus and the nominal contact pressure.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-026-02150-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribological Control Mechanisms of Surface Roughness in 8cr4mo4v Aviation Bearing Steel: Operating Condition Dependence and Tribological Behavior","authors":"Dong Sun,&nbsp;Jianyun Wang,&nbsp;Zhaobing Cai,&nbsp;Liqin Wang,&nbsp;Le Gu,&nbsp;Chuanwei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11249-026-02158-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-026-02158-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 8Cr4Mo4V steel is the key material used in aero-engine main shaft bearings. However, the mechanism its surface roughness controls tribological properties under coupled multi-physics service conditions remains unclear, which restricts the long-life design of aerospace bearings. In this study, 8Cr4Mo4V steel specimens with controlled surface roughness (Ra = 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 μm) were prepared, and ball-on-disk tribological tests were conducted under variable loads, sliding speeds and ambient temperatures to clarify the roughness-dependent friction and wear behavior. The results show that the effect of surface roughness on the tribological properties depends strongly on working condition: it was the most prominent under low load (8 N) and low speed (0.1 m/s), where the coefficient of friction (COF) increased by 22.95% as roughness rose from 0.02 to 0.06 μm, while the effect was significantly weakened or even completely masked under medium–high and high sliding speeds. The ambient temperature fundamentally altered the regulation mechanism of roughness: at 600 ℃, an abnormal maximum wear rate (WR) occurred at the critical roughness of 0.04 μm, which was 2.17 times that of the 0.02 μm sample, breaking the traditional positive correlation between roughness and wear. The core mechanism is the dominant effect of roughness by asperity contact at room temperature, while the dynamic formation-rupture equilibrium of interfacial oxide film at elevated temperatures governs. This work establishes the matching design criterion between surface roughness and service conditions for aerospace bearing steel, providing theoretical basis and experimental support for surface finishing optimization of aero-engine bearings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}