Tribology Letters最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative Characterization of Surface Topography Using an Improved Deterministic Method","authors":"Bing Fang,&nbsp;Weibin Huang,&nbsp;Yusheng Luo,&nbsp;Limin Xie,&nbsp;Tianqi Gu","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01932-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01932-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The characteristic parameters, such as curvature radius of asperity, height distribution, and asperity density play a decisive role when studying the contact characteristics of rough surfaces. A new method of asperity definition based on curve fitting and peak refit, named the deterministic method, is proposed in this paper. The real topography of the rough surface is described by the moving least-squares method. And the local maximum of the curve is defined as the asperity, and the local minimum is defined as the valley. To improve the stability of characteristic parameters of the rough surfaces, this method regenerates a new asperity when the asperities are gathered too closely. Both the characteristic parameters obtained by the deterministic method and the spectral moment method are used in two typical elastic–elastoplastic–plastic contact models, to analyze the contact characteristics of rough surfaces. Numerical calculation results show that, compared to the spectral moment method, the deterministic method demonstrates greater consistency across different sampling intervals, indicating lower sensitivity to sampling interval variations. This improves the accuracy and stability of contact performance parameters, validating the effectiveness of the proposed method, which can serve as a feasible approach for analyzing fine contact on rough surfaces.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear Mechanism and Wear Debris Characterization of ULWPE in Multidirectional Motion","authors":"Ruijuan Liu,&nbsp;Yali Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Pu,&nbsp;Maoyan Jie,&nbsp;Qin Xiong,&nbsp;Xiaogang Zhang,&nbsp;Xinle Li,&nbsp;Zhongmin Jin","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01928-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01928-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultralow-wear polyethylene (ULWPE) was proposed to replace conventional UHMWPE as an artificial joint material. Different molecular weights of ULWPE, ULWPE-200, ULWPE-300, and ULWPE-700 were examined against CrCoMo compared to conventional UHMWPE in multidirectional motion. The wear mechanism was elucidated from the perspective of macroscopic wear behavior and microscopic wear debris characterization. It was found that the morphologies of the ULWPE worn surface were similar to that of UHMWPE, with scratches, burnishing, and protuberances. ULWPE-700 possessed the lowest wear loss at all loading conditions, and the wear loss was 40.3% lower than that of UHMWPE at 3 MPa. Furthermore, wear debris was consistent in morphology and size range but showed differences in quantity, size distribution, and shape distribution. Combined with the wear surface morphology and wear debris analysis, it showed that plastic deformation was the main cause of wear debris formation and the wear mechanisms were adhesive wear and abrasive wear. Moreover, the FBA of ULWPE-700 was 64% lower than that of UHMWPE at 3 MPa, suggesting that ULWPE-700 wear debris had the lowest potential osteolysis. This study provides deeper insight into the bio-tribological behavior and the potential biological activity of ULWPE as an artificial joint material.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cobalt- and Chromium-Oxide-Based Coatings: Thermally Spraying a Glaze Layer","authors":"Andre R. Mayer,&nbsp;Bruno C. N. M. de Castilho,&nbsp;Fadhel B. Ettouil,&nbsp;Richard R. Chromik,&nbsp;Christian Moreau,&nbsp;Pantcho P. Stoyanov","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01927-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01927-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recent demand for more efficient gas turbine engines has led to a growing need for new high performance materials and engineered surfaces. Consequently, there has been recent development of thermally sprayed coatings capable of withstanding harsh environments to advance these engines. For instance, oxide-based coatings exhibit high temperature stability, making them potential coating candidates for applications at elevated temperatures, thereby further improving gas turbine engines' efficiency. In particular, cobalt- and chromium- based oxides have previously been shown to be beneficial in terms of reducing friction and wear in high temperature environments. However, limited work has been performed on the deposition of such coatings by means of thermal spray processes. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to develop and critically evaluate thermally sprayed cobalt- and chromium-based coatings for extreme environments. More specifically, the coatings were deposited by means of suspension plasma spray (SPS) and characterized before and after ball-on-flat tests at different temperatures. The coatings developed in this study have demonstrated high resistance to wear when tested against IN718. In all cases, most of the wear was observed on the counterballs. The CoO coating exhibited the lowest combined wear when compared to the other coatings. Ex-situ Raman analysis revealed the formation of Co₃O₄ for the worn cobalt oxide-based coatings tested at 450 °C, which correlates well with the lower wear rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualization of Structural Deformation of Polymer Additives in Oil Under High Shear Flow","authors":"Tatsuya Kusumoto,&nbsp;Moritsugu Kasai,&nbsp;Mikihito Takenaka","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01929-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01929-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a powerful synchrotron radiation X-ray source, we developed a cell that can perform Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) measurements under high shear (~ 10⁵ s⁻¹). We successfully and quantitatively visualized the deformation of polymer chains as polymer additives in oil under high shear. We found that poly(alkylmethacrylate) (PMA) with the lowest molecular weight was not deformed by the shear flow and did not show the shear thinning behavior. On the other hand, the other PMAs were deformed and exhibited shear-thinning behaviors. We compared the experimental results with the simulation by Ryder et al.( The Journal of Chemical Physics 45: 194906 (2006)) and found the shrink perpendicular to the flow direction in the experiment is stronger than that in the simulation, indicating that the rigidity of the polymer chains enhanced by long side groups induced the alignment of the chain along the flow direction. The decrease in viscosity was less than that estimated from the rate of deformation estimated by SAXS due to the effects of polydispersity of PMA polymers.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Variable-Depth Groove Texture on the Friction and Wear Performance of GCr15–SiC Friction Pairs Under Water Lubrication","authors":"Yusen Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Long,&nbsp;Yan Qiao,&nbsp;Puteng Gui,&nbsp;Yuting Yin,&nbsp;Haifeng Qian","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01926-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01926-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Surface texturing is an effective technology for enhancing lubrication and anti-wear properties through hydrodynamic effects and secondary lubrication. In this study, two types of variable-depth groove textures were designed to enhance the lubrication performance of friction pairs. Based on theoretical analysis, the coefficient of friction (COF), wear characteristics, and triboelectric open-circuit voltages produced by different textures were evaluated in a series of experiments. Using a friction testing setup, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, an electrometer (Keithley 6514), Raman spectroscopy, surface microtopography, and lubrication mechanisms were revealed. First, two types of variable-depth groove textures were designed based on computational fluid dynamics. Second, SiC samples with these textures were fabricated using laser surface texturing technology, and ball–disk rotary friction experiments were performed. During the friction tests, the shallow inner and deep outer (SDT) groove textures exhibited a lower COF at medium and low speeds under varying loads. Finally, the lubrication mechanism was attributed to the synergistic effect of four factors: the hydrodynamic effect of the lubricant, enhanced ability of debris expulsion, oxide tribofilms at the interface, and polarization electric field generated at the solid–liquid interfaces between the lubricant and friction pair. The results indicate that the minimum COF of the SDT texture can be reduced to 0.025. These insights offer valuable guidance for design methods and new lubrication mechanisms for enhancing the lubrication and anti-wear properties of friction pairs in mechanical systems.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Flow of Lubricant as a Mist in the Piston Assembly and Crankcase of a Fired Gasoline Engine: The Effect of Viscosity Modifier and the Link to Lubricant Degradation","authors":"Christopher J. Dyson,&nbsp;Martin Priest,&nbsp;Peter M. Lee","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01925-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01925-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Droplet flows, termed misting, are significant lubrication flow mechanisms to, in and around the piston assembly. Therefore, these are important in piston assembly tribology and engine performance. Crankcase lubricant degradation rate has been hypothesised to be influenced by lubricant droplet flows through the piston assembly and crankcase, but not previously confirmed. Lubricant was sampled from the sump, top ring zone (TRZ), and mist and aerosol from the crankcase during an extended run. The physical and chemical degradation of these samples was characterised. Droplet flows were intermediate in degradation and fuel dilution between TRZ and sump. Flows with smaller droplet sizes were more degraded that those with larger droplets. The degradation of polymers was dependent on their molecular architecture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-024-01925-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on Corrosion–Wear Interaction Behavior of 8Cr4Mo4V-Bearing Steel Under Various Operating Conditions","authors":"Chao Zhao,&nbsp;Lixia Ying,&nbsp;Chongyang Nie,&nbsp;Tianlin Zhu,&nbsp;Peng Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01924-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01924-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coupled corrosion and wear damage in marine atmospheric environment seriously restricts the development of aerospace bearings, the aim of present work is to study the influence of various corrosion and wear conditions on the corrosion–wear interaction behavior of 8Cr4Mo4V-bearing steel. The influence of corrosion on wear and wear on corrosion for 8Cr4Mo4V-bearing steel under five corrosion temperatures, NaCl concentrations, rotational speeds, and normal loads was investigated and discussed, respectively, and the quantitative characterization of corrosion–wear interaction (CWI) effect was established. The corroded steels were prepared using salt spray corrosion, a ball-on-disc friction testing machine was used to obtain the coefficient of friction (COF) of corroded steels under dry wear. The corrosion weight losses, wear mass losses, and worn surface morphologies of corroded steels were characterized. The results show that both synergistic and antagonistic effects existed in CWI of 8Cr4Mo4V-bearing steel due to coupling action of corrosion pits and rust layers, which depends on operating conditions. The corrosion temperature and NaCl concentration directly affect the friction stability and corrosion contribution for tribological process via initial corrosion surface, while rotational speed and normal load influence the wear contribution for corrosion process through surface wear degree. This paper gives an idea for analysis of tribocorrosion properties of bearing steel under various alternating corrosion and wear operating conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Numerical Simulation Method for 3D Rough Surface Topography of Shot Peening Parts with Specified 3D Roughness Spatial Parameters","authors":"Jiling Chen,&nbsp;Jinyuan Tang,&nbsp;Wen Shao,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Jiuyue Zhao,&nbsp;Wei Zhou,&nbsp;Ding Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01921-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01921-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>According to random process theory, the existing autocorrelation function (ACF) expression that characterizes the spatial features of the shot peening (SP) surface topography makes it difficult to constrain the 3D roughness spatial parameters defined in ISO 25178, which restricts the correlation studies between surface topography and service performance. This paper introduces a new ACF expression for reconstructing the SP surface topography with specified spatial parameters. Based on the new expression, a numerical simulation method for stratified surface topography applicable to SP after finishing is introduced. The main idea is to perform feature extraction and feature modeling on the measured surface with the help of machine learning. The new method is applied to the numerical simulation of the SP and grinding-shot peening (Gr-SP) surface topography with a coverage of 200%. The relative error in height distribution and spatial parameters between the measured and simulated surface topography are less than 5%. The new method of height distribution and spatial parameters active design is provided to study the correlation between surface topography and service performance of shot peening parts.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Friction Radius Variation on the Friction-Induced Vibration and Noise","authors":"Sujie Li,&nbsp;Zaiyu Xiang,&nbsp;Songlan Xie,&nbsp;Jiakun Zhang,&nbsp;Zhengming Xiao,&nbsp;Bin Tang,&nbsp;Deqiang He","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01923-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01923-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;In mechanical equipment friction pairs, there are instances of varying friction radius (e.g., brake pads in trains), but the impact of variation in friction radius on friction-induced vibration noise (FIVN) has not yet been clearly understood and has drawn little attention. To address this, a series of tests under different friction radii were carried out using a CETR friction and wear tester, and a finite element model(FEM) based on the main structure of the tester was established to carry out complex modal and transient dynamic simulations. Furthermore, a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) numerical model was proposed to analyze the stability and dynamic characteristics of the ball-disc friction system. Based on the FIVN simulation tests, finite element simulations, and numerical analysis results, the impact of variations in the friction radius on FIVN was discussed. The results indicate that the friction radius is a crucial factor impacting the intensity and evolution of FIVN. Under the experimental parameters employed in this study, the intensity of FIVN increases with the enlargement of the friction radius. Correspondingly, an increase in friction radius significantly increases the friction disc’s wear. The scratches’ width, depth, and wear volume increase. In the friction process, the increase in friction radius leads to an increase in the wear amount of the friction disk, which also results in a significant accumulation of wear debris actively engaging in the frictional process at the interface. Therefore, the degradation of the friction surface becomes increasingly severe and exhibits complex tribological behaviors. The increase in friction radius facilitates modal coupling phenomena in friction systems, inducing high-intensity unstable vibrations within this system. Furthermore, with a larger friction radius, the structure of the friction system is more prone to deform. As the friction ball moves more significantly along with the friction disk, the concentration of contact stress at the interface intensifies notably in the region adjacent to the cutting-in end, accompanied by an increase in the numerical value of the contact stress. In scenarios with a large friction radius, the concentration of contact stress on surfaces is the primary reason for the greater width, depth, and wear volume of the scratches on the friction disc. The 2-DOF numerical model of the ball-disc friction system we established effectively helped us discuss the impact of the friction radius and coefficient of friction (COF) on system stability. It is found that under a large friction radius and COF, the system exhibits modal coupling phenomena, with a state of vibrational instability. The intensity of friction-induced vibration (FIV) also increases with the friction radius. In conclusion, this study finds that the friction radius is a key factor affecting FIVN, and appropriate measures should be taken to improve the tribological behavior of the interface to suppr","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and Chemical Evolution of PTFE-α-Al2O3 Composites Versus 304 SS Tribofilms During Dry Sliding","authors":"Faysal M. Haque,&nbsp;Christopher P. Junk,&nbsp;Mark A. Sidebottom","doi":"10.1007/s11249-024-01922-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11249-024-01922-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is renowned for its remarkably low friction coefficient (µ ~ 0.1) yet exhibits notably high wear rates (K ~ 10⁴) in dry sliding applications. To mitigate this, various metallic and non-metallic fillers have been explored, consistently demonstrating a reduction in wear rates of unfilled PTFE between 10 and 10⁴ times. Among these fillers, α-Al₂O₃ is one of the most extensively studied materials. 5 wt% of α-Al₂O₃ filler into PTFE yields a composite material, PTFE- α-Al₂O₃, characterized by a wear rate a staggering 10⁴ times lower than unfilled PTFE. This reduction in wear has been attributed to the formation of tribofilms on the PTFE composite and metal counterbody material. These tribofilms emerge due to the interaction between broken fluropolymer chains and environmental water and oxygen. This interaction results in the creation of carboxylate salt groups, which subsequently react with metal/metal oxide particles (both from the counterbody and the metal filler) to form tribofilms. Despite numerous studies scrutinizing the chemical composition of the tribofilms pre- and post-test, the chemical development of these films has remained largely unexplored. In this study, the authors utilize attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), transmission infrared (IR) spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and stylus profilometry to observe tribofilm development. A thorough topographical and chemical description of the tribofilm is provided via these techniques. The ratio of carboxylate salt groups directly corresponds with improved wear performance and these changes are very local to the worn polymer surface. This discovery contributes to a deeper understanding of the tribological behavior of PTFE-α-Al₂O₃ composites.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-024-01922-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142414825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}