Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers最新文献_第9页

Knowing Climate Change, Embodying Climate Praxis: Experiential Knowledge in Southern Appalachia 认识气候变化，体现气候实践:南阿巴拉契亚地区的经验知识

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.985628

J. Rice, B. Burke, N. Heynen

{"title":"Knowing Climate Change, Embodying Climate Praxis: Experiential Knowledge in Southern Appalachia","authors":"J. Rice, B. Burke, N. Heynen","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2014.985628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.985628","url":null,"abstract":"Whether used to support or impede action, scientific knowledge is now, more than ever, the primary framework for political discourse on climate change. As a consequence, science has become a hegemonic way of knowing climate change by mainstream climate politics, which not only limits the actors and actions deemed legitimate in climate politics but also silences vulnerable communities and reinforces historical patterns of cultural and political marginalization. To combat this “post-political” condition, we seek to democratize climate knowledge and imagine the possibilities of climate praxis through an engagement with Gramscian political ecology and feminist science studies. This framework emphasizes how antihierarchical and experiential forms of knowledge can work to destabilize technocratic modes of governing. We illustrate the potential of our approach through ethnographic research with people in southern Appalachia whose knowledge of climate change is based in the perceptible effects of weather, landscape change due to exurbanization, and the potential impacts of new migrants they call “climate refugees.” Valuing this knowledge builds more diverse communities of action, resists the extraction of climate change from its complex society–nature entanglements, and reveals the intimate connections between climate justice and distinct cultural lifeways. We argue that only by opening up these new forms of climate praxis, which allow people to take action using the knowledge they already have, can more just socioecological transformations be brought into being.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"9 1","pages":"253 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2014.985628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58758030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 94

Biomimetic Futures: Life, Death, and the Enclosure of a More-Than-Human Intellect 仿生未来:生命、死亡和超越人类智慧的封闭

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.985625

Elizabeth R. Johnson, Jesse Goldstein

{"title":"Biomimetic Futures: Life, Death, and the Enclosure of a More-Than-Human Intellect","authors":"Elizabeth R. Johnson, Jesse Goldstein","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2014.985625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.985625","url":null,"abstract":"The growing field of biomimicry promises to supplant modern industry's energy-intensive models of engineering with a mode of production more sensitively attuned to nonhuman life and matter. This article considers the revolutionary potentials created by biomimicry's more-than-human collectives and their limitations. Although biomimicry gestures toward a radical reontologization of and repoliticization of production, we argue that it remains subject to entrenched onto-political habits of social relations still dominated by capitalism and made part of a “terra economica” in which all is potentially put to profitable use and otherwise left to waste. With reference to Marx's notions of general industriousness and the general intellect, we find that this universalizing tendency renders myriad biological capacities and ways of knowing invisible. Drawing a comparison with the reworkings of life and knowledge explored in Shiebinger's work on nineteenth-century abortifacients, we show how biomimicry's more recent ontological remakings reproduce some forms of knowledge—and life—at the expense of others. Reflecting on biomimicry's inadvertent erasure of nonindustrial ways of knowing, we advance the notion of a pluripotent intellect as a framework that seeks to take responsibility for the cocuration of forms of life and forms of knowledge. We turn to Jackson's Land Institute as a grounded alternative for constructing more-than-human techno-social collaboratives.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"105 1","pages":"387 - 396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2014.985625","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58757957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Banking Spatially on the Future: Capital Switching, Infrastructure, and the Ecological Fix 未来空间上的银行:资本转换、基础设施和生态修复

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.985622

N. Castree, Brett Christophers

{"title":"Banking Spatially on the Future: Capital Switching, Infrastructure, and the Ecological Fix","authors":"N. Castree, Brett Christophers","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2014.985622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.985622","url":null,"abstract":"Since the onset of the global economic crisis, financiers and the institutions regulating their behavior have been subject to far-reaching criticism. At the same time, leading geo-scientists have been insisting that future environmental change might be far more profound than previously anticipated. Finance capital has long been a crucial mechanism for melting present solidities into air to create different futures. This article asks what the prospects are for the switching of credit money into green infrastructures—a switching increasingly recognized as necessary for climate change mitigation and (especially) adaptation. Most research into geographies of finance has ignored ecological questions and few contemporary society–nature researchers examine major fixed-capital investments. Unlike those geographers who criticize capitalism without offering feasible alternatives, we take a pragmatic view underpinned by democratic socioenvironmental values and attempt to identify leverage points for meaningful change. This programmatic article identifies reasons and examples to be cautiously hopeful that liquidity can be fixed in less ecologically harmful future infrastructures, thereby addressing crucial extraeconomic challenges for the century ahead.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"105 1","pages":"378 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2014.985622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58757915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 107

School Gardens as Sites for Forging Progressive Socioecological Futures 学校花园作为锻造进步社会生态未来的场所

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.985627

S. A. Moore, Jeffrey Wilson, Sarah Kelly-Richards, S. Marston

引用次数: 34

Agro-Ecology and Food Sovereignty Movements in Chile: Sociospatial Practices for Alternative Peasant Futures 智利的农业生态和粮食主权运动:替代农民未来的社会空间实践

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.985626

Beatriz Eugenia Cid Aguayo, A. Latta

{"title":"Agro-Ecology and Food Sovereignty Movements in Chile: Sociospatial Practices for Alternative Peasant Futures","authors":"Beatriz Eugenia Cid Aguayo, A. Latta","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2014.985626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.985626","url":null,"abstract":"The agro-ecology and food sovereignty movements of southern Chile promote alternatives to the hegemonic agro-export regime that dominates the landscape. We explore these mobilizations and the strategies they employ, with a particular focus on a network of peasant women “seed curators.” The global agri-food complex relies on a flat and universalizing spatiality of land as resource and food as commodity, in which the character and fate of individual places is of little importance. This is paired with a hierarchical monopolization of knowledge, where producers become recipients rather than creators and custodians of agricultural inputs and know-how. In response, peasant movements have given birth to alternative spatial practices based on horizontal networks that join together interdependent producers and places. By sharing traditional and agro-ecological knowledge, cultivating alternate circuits of exchange, and building urban–rural partnerships, these movements seek to reshape the horizons of possibility both for peasant communities and for the broader agri-food system.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"105 1","pages":"397 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2014.985626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58757975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Walsh_etal_PNWFire: Repository version as accepted - AN-2014-0079 Walsh_etal_PNWFire: Repository version as accepted - AN-2014-0079

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-27 DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.14635

S. Goring

引用次数: 0

Middle-Class Poverty Politics: Making Place, Making People 中产阶级贫困政治:创造地方，创造人

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.968945

S. Elwood, Victoria A. Lawson, Samuel Nowak

{"title":"Middle-Class Poverty Politics: Making Place, Making People","authors":"S. Elwood, Victoria A. Lawson, Samuel Nowak","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2014.968945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.968945","url":null,"abstract":"In a context of rising inequality and economic vulnerability in the United States, we explore links between class identities, urban place-making, and poverty politics. We ask how class difference and poverty politics are made and remade in neighborhood-level place-making and with what implications for boundaries and alliances between middle-class and poorer residents. Place-making refers to activities through which residents work to produce the neighborhood they want, such as participating in community organization or initiatives, interacting with their neighbors, and supporting or opposing particular changes in the neighborhood. We use a relational poverty framework to show that middle-class place-making reproduces normatively white middle-class place imaginaries but always also produces poverty and class politics. We extend prior research on middle-class poverty politics, which focuses primarily on class boundary making, to investigate whether progressive, alliance-building moments ever emerge. Drawing on case study research with two Seattle neighborhoods, we trace the ways in which place-making practices situate middle-class and poorer actors in relation to one another. We show that these interactions might continue to govern poverty and poorer people but might also challenge normative understandings of poverty and sow the seeds for cross-class alliances. Through comparative analysis of the neighborhoods as dense sites of class formation, we show how particular histories, place imaginaries, and built or institutional infrastructures allow (or foreclose) questioning and reworking of normative class and race formations and poverty politics to pave the way for cross-class alliance.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"105 1","pages":"123 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2014.968945","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58757986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 54

The Molecular Turn in Conservation: Genetics, Pristine Nature, and the Rediscovery of an Extinct Species of Galápagos Giant Tortoise 保护中的分子转向:遗传学，原始自然，以及重新发现一种灭绝物种Galápagos巨龟

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.960042

Elizabeth Hennessy

{"title":"The Molecular Turn in Conservation: Genetics, Pristine Nature, and the Rediscovery of an Extinct Species of Galápagos Giant Tortoise","authors":"Elizabeth Hennessy","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2014.960042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.960042","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic science is an increasingly common tool in conservation management that is reshaping understandings of biodiversity and how best to “save” it. In the Galápagos Islands, genetic science has led to the rediscovery of a species of giant tortoise that by all accounts went extinct more than 150 years ago. This article uses the story of these tortoises to examine how one area of conservation genetics—reconstructions of evolutionary history, or phylogenetics—is contributing to a shift in the way pristine nature is understood and managed. Drawing on political ecologies and critical geographies of genetics, I trace the story of these tortoises, which are at the center of a conservation breeding and repatriation program aimed to “retortoise” an island with tortoises as genetically close to the original population as possible. I argue that genes are emerging objects of conservation that not only call forth new configurations of knowledge production but also open new possibilities for managing endangered natures. Tortoise “genome geographies” (Fujimura and Rajagopalan 2011; Nash 2013) that trace lineages to particular islands articulate two understandings of pristine nature at stake in ecological restoration: the bounded Cartesian space of islands that has long structured national park conservation and the purity of species lineages, which genetic technologies offer a new means for understanding and manipulating. Analyzing genes as objects of conservation opens a technical–scientific black box to critical analysis, placing new technologies for imagining pristine nature in a history of debate about conservation management.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"105 1","pages":"104 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2014.960042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58758201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

A Validation of Metrics for Community Resilience to Natural Hazards and Disasters Using the Recovery from Hurricane Katrina as a Case Study 社区对自然灾害和灾害恢复能力指标的验证——以卡特里娜飓风灾后恢复为例

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.960039

C. Burton

{"title":"A Validation of Metrics for Community Resilience to Natural Hazards and Disasters Using the Recovery from Hurricane Katrina as a Case Study","authors":"C. Burton","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2014.960039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.960039","url":null,"abstract":"How communities respond to and recover from damaging hazard events could be contextualized in terms of their disaster resilience. Although numerous efforts have sought to explain the determinants of disaster resilience, the ability to measure the concept is increasingly being seen as a key step toward disaster risk reduction. The development of standards that are meaningful for measuring resilience remains a challenge, however. This is partially because there are few explicit sets of procedures within the literature that outline how to measure and compare communities in terms of their resilience. The primary purpose of this article is to advance the understanding of the multidimensional nature of disaster resilience and to provide an externally validated set of metrics for measuring resilience at subcounty levels of geography. A set of metrics covering social, economic, institutional, infrastructural, community-based, and environmental dimensions of resilience was identified, and the validity of the metrics is addressed via real-world application using Hurricane Katrina and the recovery of the Mississippi Gulf Coast in the United States as a case study.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"105 1","pages":"67 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2014.960039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58758109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 284

Rethinking Centers and Margins in Geography: Bodies, Life Course, and the Performance of Transnational Space 地理学中的中心与边缘:主体、生命历程与跨国空间的表现

Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers Pub Date : 2015-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.962967

Max J. Andrucki, J. Dickinson

{"title":"Rethinking Centers and Margins in Geography: Bodies, Life Course, and the Performance of Transnational Space","authors":"Max J. Andrucki, J. Dickinson","doi":"10.1080/00045608.2014.962967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.962967","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we propose a rethinking of the concepts of center and margin in geography. We review extant literatures from structuralist political geography and science studies and explore alternative theoretical approaches to develop the concept of axes of centrality. Using theories of performativity to understand centers and margins as produced across an array of axes allows for an expansion of the concept. Contemporary experiences of transnational migration offer a useful way of thinking about how bodies produce places differently as global centers and margins. Drawing on material from two studies of transnational communities—one of white, English-speaking South African return migrants and one of British East African Asians—we take a biographical approach, demonstrating how two individuals with extensive migration histories have performed England, South Africa, Uganda, and India as variously central and marginal across the life course. We develop the concept of axes of centrality to demonstrate how centers and margins are most usefully conceptualized not as places in themselves but as located in and between bodies in a variety of ways as they move through and perform space at a variety of scales and over time. We propose an understanding of centrality and marginality that takes into account the embodied conditionalities under which places become imagined and reimagined as central, marginal, or both.","PeriodicalId":80485,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Association of American Geographers. Association of American Geographers","volume":"105 1","pages":"203 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00045608.2014.962967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58758264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33