Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.09

D. Simpson, A. M. Muasya, M. Alves, J. Bruhl, S. Dhooge, M. Chase, C. Furness, K. Ghamkhar, P. Goetghebeur, T. Hodkinson, A. Marchant, A. Reznicek, Roland Nieuwborg, E. Roalson, E. Smets, J. Starr, W. Thomas, K. Wilson, Xiufu Zhang

{"title":"Phylogeny of Cyperaceae based on DNA sequence data - a new rbcL analysis","authors":"D. Simpson, A. M. Muasya, M. Alves, J. Bruhl, S. Dhooge, M. Chase, C. Furness, K. Ghamkhar, P. Goetghebeur, T. Hodkinson, A. Marchant, A. Reznicek, Roland Nieuwborg, E. Roalson, E. Smets, J. Starr, W. Thomas, K. Wilson, Xiufu Zhang","doi":"10.5642/ALISO.20072301.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5642/ALISO.20072301.09","url":null,"abstract":"Since the Monocots II meeting in 1998, significant new data have been published that enhance our systematic knowledge of Cyperaceae. Phylogenetic studies in the family have also progressed steadily. For this study, a parsimony analysis was carried out using all rbcL sequences currently available for Cyperaceae, including data for two new genera. One of the four subfamilies (Caricoideae) and seven of the 14 tribes (Bisboeckelereae, Cariceae, Cryptangieae, Dulichieae, Eleocharideae, Sclerieae, Trilepideae) are monophyletic. Subfamily Mapanioideae and tribe Chrysitricheae are monophyletic if, as the evidence suggests, Hellmuthia is considered a member of Cypereae. Some other features of our analysis include: well-supported Trilepideae and Sclerieae-Bisboeckelereae clades; a possible close relationship between Cryptangieae and Schoeneae; polyphyletic tribes Schoeneae and Scirpeae; the occurrence of Cariceae within the Dulichieae-Scirpeae clade, and a strongly supported clade, representing Cyperus and allied genera in Cypereae, sister to a poorly supported Ficinia-Hellmuthia-Isolepis-Scirpoides clade. Such patterns are consistent with other studies based on DNA sequence data. One outcome may be that only two subfamilies, Mapanioideae and Cyperoideae, are recognized. Much further work is needed, with efforts carefully coordinated among researchers. The work should focus on obtaining morphological and molecular data for all genera in the family.","PeriodicalId":80410,"journal":{"name":"Aliso","volume":"23 1","pages":"72-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70795216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 111

An Electronic World Grass Flora 电子世界草木植物群

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.21

S. Renvoize, D. Clayton, T. Cope, H. Williamson

引用次数: 2

CHROMOSOME EVOLUTION IN CYPERALES 菊科植物的染色体进化

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.08

E. Roalson, A. McCubbin, R. Whitkus

{"title":"CHROMOSOME EVOLUTION IN CYPERALES","authors":"E. Roalson, A. McCubbin, R. Whitkus","doi":"10.5642/ALISO.20072301.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5642/ALISO.20072301.08","url":null,"abstract":"Karyotypic evolution is a prominent feature in the diversification of many plants and animals, yet the role that chromosomal changes play in the process of diversification is still debated. At the diploid level, chromosome fission and/or fusion are necessary components of chromosomal structural change associated with diversification. Yet the genomic features required for these events remain unknown. Here we present an overview of what is known about genomic structure in Cyperales, with particular focus on the current level of understanding of chromosome number and genome size and their impact in a phylogenetic context. We outline ongoing projects exploring genomic structure in the order using modern genomics techniques coupled with traditional data sets. Additionally, we explore the questions to which this approach might be best applied, and in particular, detail a project exploring the nature of genomic structural change at the diploid level in genus Carex, a group in which chromosome fission/fusion events are common and associated with diversification of many of its 2000 species. A hypothesized mechanism for chromosome number change in this genus is agmatoploidy, denoting changes in chromosome number without change in DNA amount through fission/fusion of holocentric chromosomes (chromosomes without localized centromeres). This project includes the creation of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and expressed sequence tagged (EST) libraries to be used in physical and genetic linkage mapping studies in order to reveal the patterns of genome structural variation associated with agmatoploidy in Carex, and to explore the sequence and genie characteristics of chromosomal break points in the genome.","PeriodicalId":80410,"journal":{"name":"Aliso","volume":"23 1","pages":"62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70795301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ENDEMIC FESTUCA (POACEAE) FROM NEW ZEALAND BASED ON NUCLEAR (ITS) AND CHLOROPLAST (trnL-trnF) NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES 基于核(ITS)和叶绿体(trnL-trnF)核苷酸序列的新西兰特有羊茅属植物的系统发育和生物地理学研究

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.32

K. Lloyd, A. M. Hunter, D. Orlovich, Suzanne J. Draffin, A. Stewart, William G. Lee

{"title":"PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF ENDEMIC FESTUCA (POACEAE) FROM NEW ZEALAND BASED ON NUCLEAR (ITS) AND CHLOROPLAST (trnL-trnF) NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES","authors":"K. Lloyd, A. M. Hunter, D. Orlovich, Suzanne J. Draffin, A. Stewart, William G. Lee","doi":"10.5642/ALISO.20072301.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5642/ALISO.20072301.32","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the phylogenetic relationships of the endemic New Zealand (NZ) species of Festuca (Poaceae, Pooideae) by assessing sequence variation from the nuclear internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and a chloroplast intergenic spacer (trnL-trnF) and by measuring DNA content using flow cytometry. The ITS and trnL-trnF data sets were congruent in showing that the NZ species of Festuca have two origins. One group, containing F. coxii, F. luciarum, F. multinodis, and F. ultramafica, is closely related to Festuca sect. Aulaxyper. The other group includes a clade of five endemic species (F. actae, F. deflexa, F. madida, F. matthewsii, F. novae-zelandiae) and one species (F. contracta) with a circumAntarctic distribution. The North American species F. californica is sister to the latter group in the trnL-trnF phylogeny but not so in the ITS phylogeny. The differentiation of endemic NZ species into two groups is supported by differences in chromosome number and genome size, the latter showing an inverse relationship to ploidy level. We discuss the ecology and biogeography of NZ's endemic species of Festuca. Origin from Northern Hemisphere ancestors via dispersal to NZ through the American continents is a plausible hypothesis based on current information.","PeriodicalId":80410,"journal":{"name":"Aliso","volume":"23 1","pages":"406-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70795558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The Schoenus spikelet: a Rhipidium? A floral ontogenetic answer 松子属小穗:根属?花卉个体发育的答案

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.15

A. Vrijdaghs, P. Goetghebeur, E. Smets, P. Caris

引用次数: 16

PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE ONE-FLOWERED, DETERMINATE GENERA OF BAMBUSEAE (POACEAE: BAMBUSOIDEAE) 竹科单花确定属间的系统发育关系

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.26

L. Clark, S. Dransfield, J. Triplett, J. G. Sánchez-Ken

{"title":"PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE ONE-FLOWERED, DETERMINATE GENERA OF BAMBUSEAE (POACEAE: BAMBUSOIDEAE)","authors":"L. Clark, S. Dransfield, J. Triplett, J. G. Sánchez-Ken","doi":"10.5642/ALISO.20072301.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5642/ALISO.20072301.26","url":null,"abstract":"Bambuseae (woody bamboos), one of two tribes recognized within Bambusoideae (true bamboos), comprise over 90% of the diversity of the subfamily, yet monophyly of the tribe is generally only moderately supported, and phylogenetic relationships within the tribe are poorly understood. In addition, there appears to be some level of conflict between morphological and molecular data within the tribe. We conducted a parsimony analysis of 43 species of Bambuseae, three of Olyreae (herbaceous bamboos), and two outgroup taxa using morphological and plastid rpl16 intron sequence data to (1) further test the monophyly of Bambuseae, (2) test the monophyly of Chusqueinae and Hickelinae (the two one-flowered, determinate subtribes), and (3) examine the apparent conflict between molecular and morphological data sets in the determinate, one-flowered genera of Bambuseae. We recovered a monophyletic Bambusoideae, Bambuseae, Olyreae, and Chusqueinae, although support for Bambuseae remained moderate. Our results suggest that the morphological similarities between Chusqueinae and Hickelinae are homoplasious, but robust resolution of relationships among the major lineages of woody bamboos is still wanting.","PeriodicalId":80410,"journal":{"name":"Aliso","volume":"23 1","pages":"315-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70795199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

ALLOPOLYPLOIDS OF THE GENUS ELYMUS (TRITICEAE, POACEAE) : A PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVE 黑麦草属的异源多倍体:系统发育的观点

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.30

R. Mason-Gamer

引用次数: 7

Classification and Biogeography of New World Grasses: Chloridoideae 标题新大陆禾本科植物的分类与生物地理

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.43

P. Peterson, J. Columbus, S. Pennington

{"title":"Classification and Biogeography of New World Grasses: Chloridoideae","authors":"P. Peterson, J. Columbus, S. Pennington","doi":"10.5642/ALISO.20072301.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5642/ALISO.20072301.43","url":null,"abstract":"Subfamily Chloridoideae (Poaceae) in the New World includes 72 genera (61 native, 11 introduced), 678 species (607 native), and, including intraspecific taxa, 817 total taxa. The five largest genera are Muhlenbergia (147 species), Eragrostis (111), Sporobolus (76), Bouteloua (57), and Chloris (35). Three tribes are recognized in this study: Cynodonteae, Eragrostideae, and Zoysieae, with ten, three, and two subtribes, respectively. Cynodonteae, the largest tribe, comprise 58 genera and 451 species (67% of all New World chloridoids), including 25 genera (98 species, 22% of all New World Cynodonteae) with unknown affinities (incertae sedis). In Mexico, the USA, and Canada there are 477 native and introduced chloridoid species (70% of all New World species), whereas in Central America (including the Caribbean) and South America there are 196 and 304 species, respectively. Mexico is the center of diversity with 343 species (51%). There appear to be five biogeographical patterns exhibited by New World chloridoid species: (1) North America, centered in northern Mexico and the southwestern USA, (2) southern South America, centered in northern Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and southern Brazil, (3) northwestern South America, centered in Ecuador and Peru, (4) amphitropical disjuncts, occurring in North America and southern South America, and (5) widespread species, occurring in North America, Central America, and South America. Subtribes Boutelouinae (Bouteloua) and Muhlenbergiinae are predominantly North American, whereas Eragrostidinae (Eragrostis) and Chloridinae are better represented in the southern South American center. Two subtribes of Cynodonteae, Gouiniinae and Hilariinae, are described as new, and two others, Orcuttiinae and Traginae, are newly treated at that rank.","PeriodicalId":80410,"journal":{"name":"Aliso","volume":"23 1","pages":"580-594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70795351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 69

DICLINY IN BOUTELOUA (POACEAE: CHLORIDOIDEAE) : IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF DIOECY 花楸科花楸科花楸属植物的临床研究:雌雄蕊进化的意义

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.45

M. Kinney, Travis Columbus, E. Friar

{"title":"DICLINY IN BOUTELOUA (POACEAE: CHLORIDOIDEAE) : IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF DIOECY","authors":"M. Kinney, Travis Columbus, E. Friar","doi":"10.5642/ALISO.20072301.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5642/ALISO.20072301.45","url":null,"abstract":"The New World grass genus Bouteloua (Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae) comprises 57 species, 13 of which produce unisexual spikelets and hence are diclinous. Andromonoecy, gynodioecy, monoecy, trimonoecy, and dioecy all occur in the genus, and ten species are known to express more than one of these breeding systems. Employing a phylogenetic estimate based on parsimony analysis of DNA sequences from the ITS (nrDNA) and trnL-F (cpDNA) regions representing 35 species of Bouteloua, including ten of 13 diclinous species, we used parsimony character state reconstructions to investigate the evolution of unisexual spikelets and breeding systems. Our specific goals were to estimate (1) the ancestral condition in the genus. (2) the number of times spikelet unisexuality has arisen and/or been lost, and (3) the evolutionary pathways leading to dioecy and the other breeding systems. Although a number of related genera are diclinous, the reconstructions suggest that the common ancestor of Bouteloua probably was not diclinous. Spikelet unisexuality appears to have evolved two to seven times in the genus, but precisely how many times is uncertain: zero to four reversals to hermaphroditism are inferred. The reconstructions show andromonoecy arising from monoecy, and gynodioecy arising from monocliny. Neither andromonoecy nor gynodioecy are implicated in the origin of monoecy or dioecy. Monoecy is shown to evolve from monocliny and dioecy, and dioecy from monocliny and monoecy. Polyploidy and arid environments are possible factors in the evolution and variability of breeding systems in Bouteloua.","PeriodicalId":80410,"journal":{"name":"Aliso","volume":"23 1","pages":"605-614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70795375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Classification and Biogeography of Panicoideae (Poaceae) in the New World 标题新大陆蕨科的分类与生物地理学

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.5642/ALISO.20072301.39

F. Zuloaga, O. Morrone, G. Davidse, S. Pennington

引用次数: 19

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