标题新大陆禾本科植物的分类与生物地理

Aliso Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI:10.5642/ALISO.20072301.43
P. Peterson, J. Columbus, S. Pennington
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引用次数: 69

摘要

新发现的禾本科植物包括72属(61原生,11引进),678种(607原生),包括种内分类群在内,共有817个分类群。最大的5个属分别是Muhlenbergia(147种)、Eragrostis(111种)、Sporobolus(76种)、Bouteloua(57种)和Chloris(35种)。本研究确定了三个部落:Cynodonteae, Eragrostideae和zoysiae,分别有10个,3个和2个亚部落。Cynodonteae是最大的部落,共有58属451种(占新世界所有氯类的67%),其中25属(98种,占新世界所有氯类的22%)具有未知的亲缘关系(incertae sedis)。在墨西哥、美国和加拿大有477种本地和引进的类氯虫(占所有新大陆物种的70%),而在中美洲(包括加勒比地区)和南美洲分别有196种和304种。墨西哥是物种多样性的中心,有343种(51%)。新大陆类氯化物物种表现出五种生物地理格局:(1)北美洲,以墨西哥北部和美国西南部为中心;(2)南美洲南部,以阿根廷北部、巴拉圭、乌拉圭和巴西南部为中心;(3)南美洲西北部,以厄瓜多尔和秘鲁为中心;(4)两热带分离带,分布于北美洲和南美洲南部;(5)广布种,分布于北美洲、中美洲和南美洲。bouelouinae亚族和Muhlenbergiinae亚族主要分布在北美,而eragrostiae亚族和Chloridinae亚族则主要分布在南美洲南部中部。Cynodonteae的两个亚族,Gouiniinae和Hilariinae,被描述为新的,另外两个亚族,orcutiinae和Traginae,被描述为新的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Classification and Biogeography of New World Grasses: Chloridoideae
Subfamily Chloridoideae (Poaceae) in the New World includes 72 genera (61 native, 11 introduced), 678 species (607 native), and, including intraspecific taxa, 817 total taxa. The five largest genera are Muhlenbergia (147 species), Eragrostis (111), Sporobolus (76), Bouteloua (57), and Chloris (35). Three tribes are recognized in this study: Cynodonteae, Eragrostideae, and Zoysieae, with ten, three, and two subtribes, respectively. Cynodonteae, the largest tribe, comprise 58 genera and 451 species (67% of all New World chloridoids), including 25 genera (98 species, 22% of all New World Cynodonteae) with unknown affinities (incertae sedis). In Mexico, the USA, and Canada there are 477 native and introduced chloridoid species (70% of all New World species), whereas in Central America (including the Caribbean) and South America there are 196 and 304 species, respectively. Mexico is the center of diversity with 343 species (51%). There appear to be five biogeographical patterns exhibited by New World chloridoid species: (1) North America, centered in northern Mexico and the southwestern USA, (2) southern South America, centered in northern Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and southern Brazil, (3) northwestern South America, centered in Ecuador and Peru, (4) amphitropical disjuncts, occurring in North America and southern South America, and (5) widespread species, occurring in North America, Central America, and South America. Subtribes Boutelouinae (Bouteloua) and Muhlenbergiinae are predominantly North American, whereas Eragrostidinae (Eragrostis) and Chloridinae are better represented in the southern South American center. Two subtribes of Cynodonteae, Gouiniinae and Hilariinae, are described as new, and two others, Orcuttiinae and Traginae, are newly treated at that rank.
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