Annals of Plant and Soil Research最新文献

{"title":"Microbes Knocking Louder Roles for Next Green Revolution: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"P. Bora","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10208","url":null,"abstract":"Feeding the ever-growing population has always been a daunting challenge to researchers, however on the contrary, itopened the floodgate of innovative technologies, especially of late, with the introduction of meta-genomics unfolding those genetic traits of microbes, which otherwise remained unexplored for a very long time.Learning negative consequences of previous green revolution in terms of various chronic environmental issues, phyto-microbiome analysis(microbiome bioprospecting)leading to identification of many plant growth promoting microbes, disease suppressive antagonists including entomopathogenic microbes and agrochemicals residues cleansing microbes,preferably in a bioformulation mode have evoked a very strong claim to be stitched into modern day agriculture, claimed close to chemical residue free organic as well as natural agriculture, a pre-requisite to stake claim for next green revolution. Such microbial interventions are likely to ensure three major paradigm shifts in agriculture viz., i. over-use of pesticides to residue free precision farming, ii. traditional to intelligent farming and iii.input-intensive (high cost of production) to climate- smart solutions, all collectively look forward towardsmore sustainable development of agriculture. All these issues have been systematically analysed through bibliometric evidences and envisioned the future course of action to realise yet another green revolution through microbial interventions.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90914757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride induces morphological change in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L) during germination and early seedling","authors":"Upsana Burgohain","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10214","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to assess the toxicological effects of exposing popular variety of fenugreek [Trigonella foenum-graecum L.] to fluoride during the germination and early seedling stages. In January 2022, the experiment was carried out at Arunachal University of Studies, Namsai. Surface sterilized seeds of uniform size were set for germination in petri-plates over cotton beds, treated with fluoride solutions of varied strengths (0.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 mM), made from a stock solution of sodium fluoride (50.0mM). The results showed that fluoride might cause considerable phytotoxicity during germination and seedling growth. Fluoride administration resulted 13 to 43.10% suppression of germination from 2.0mM to 6.0mM. Similar results were also found in germination index, germination energy, relative germination rate and seedling vigor index which were significantly reduced by 43.1, 43.1, 34.0, and 84.0% in 150.0 mM, respectively. Fluoride also had significant detrimental impact on seedling length (71.78%) in the intact seven days with increasing doses of fluoride.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87091980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GIS-based soil fertility assessment of a micro-watershed of semi-arid tropics in southern India","authors":"Praveen Kumar","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10216","url":null,"abstract":"Available macronutrient status in the soil of Chotanahalli micro-watershed (468 ha) in Kunigal Taluk, Tumkur district was studied with the aid of GIS. Forty three surface soil samples at 320 m grid were collected from Chotanahalli micro-watershed and assessed for the soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur. Results revealed that the ranges of SOC, available N, P and K were 2.1 to 7.5 g kg-1, 282.2 to 526.8 kg N ha-1, 8.0 to 67.6 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 124.3 to 338.5 kg K2O ha-1, respectively. Spatial interpolation revealed that majority (321 ha) of the watershed was low in SOC, whereas the whole watershed was medium in available N, P and K. In case of secondary nutrients, available S was found to be medium in majority (423.4 ha) of the area, whereas, exchangeable Ca and Mg were found sufficient in the whole watershed. The Nutrient Index values indicated that the micro-watershed was under “medium” category for available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur, whereas, it fell under “low” category with respect to organic carbon. Measures to improve the status of SOC should be taken up in the study area for sustainable production of crop.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79540500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative performance of neem coated urea on the basis of need based nitrogen management using customized leaf colour chart in low land rice (Oryza sativa) of eastern India","authors":"I. Pattanaik","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10205","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted during the Kharif season, of 2018 to study the effect of NCU in conventional and customized leaf colour chart (CLCC) based approach on rice (Oryza sativa). The eight treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. It has been found that application of NCU based on CLCC recorded higher yield i.e. by 7.74% in comparison with conventionally applied NCU and 12.5% in comparison with conventionally applied OU. The N2O emission ranged from 14.1–91.6 μg N2O-N m−2 hr−1 and the total N2O-N emission during the season ranged from 0.38 to 0.61 kg ha−1. The loss of N through N2O emission was recorded in the range of 19-23% under NCU applied based on CLCC than those applied under conventionally. 75% RDN in form of NCU based on CLCC recorded the highest N recovery efficiency (REN) (49.62%). CLCC based NCU application recorded notable performance in most of the yield attributing characters such as number of panicles m-2, panicle length, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle-1 and harvest index. It also recorded the highest yield (4.59 t ha-1) amongst all the treatments and increases the yield by 7.74% in comparison with conventionally. The results acknowledged that N can be saved by following CLCC approach.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78381663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uptake kinetics of micronutrients in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) with N input","authors":"N. Sharma","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10203","url":null,"abstract":"Study of nutrients uptake kinetics in crop plants is very important to determine the need of nutrients during crop growing period at a specific time, which relies upon a wide variety of factors, like plant species and their varieties, environmental conditions, soil properties, nutrients supply and soil microorganism etc. Therefore, to study the uptake kinetics of micronutrients, field experiments were carried out on sandy loam soil of Typic Haplustepts with six N levels i.e. 0, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 kg ha-1 and compared with absolute control. Uptake of micronutrients and their uptake rate was calculated at 11-60, 61-90, 91-120 and 121-180 day interval. Result revealed that the uptake of iron, zinc, manganese and copper increased with increased levels of applied nitrogen and advancing age of crop plants. It was highest at 120 kg N ha-1 during 121-180 days after sowing (DAS). Uptake of Fe and Mn was exponential while Cu was linear up to 180 days, whereas Zn made plateau beyond 120 DAS of the crop. Uptake rate of Fe and Cu showed linear pattern with increasing levels of N (upto 120 N kg ha-1) at all the four stages of the crop. However, uptake rate of Mn and Zn was different with rates of N application and was nearer to the linear trend up to 91-120 DAS. Fe uptake rate was remarkably higher during 121-180 DAS over the 91-120 DAS with all the levels of applied N. Uptake rate of Mn drastically reduced during 121-180 DAS than 91-120 DAS with all the levels of N. Hence, it can be concluded that application of N have positive response for uptake and uptake rate of micronutrients in fennel irrespective of growth stages, while uptake rate of Mn and Zn varied with stageswhereas the uptake rate of Fe and Cu continued, or even increased after plant senescence appeared, reflects that Zn and Mn are more responsible for growth of areal parts of fennel and Fe and Cu for root growth. Hence later stage application of Zn and Mn may be discouraged, while Cu and Fe application may continue for higher yield, nutrients use efficiency andratooning. Whereas, Mn and Zn uptake rate reduced with senescence of crop. This is because of fennel is an ‘Herbaceous perennial bushy’ plant and root remains active even beyond the senescence of aerial part of crop.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89233913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of long-term organic practices on yield and nutrients uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L) in an acid Inceptisol","authors":"R. K. Didawat","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10207","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation was carried out to the study the impact of long-term organic farming practices on yield and uptake of nutrients by rice in an acid soil of Assam. The seven treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of T1; Absolute control, T2; Biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1, T3; Compost @ 5.0 t ha-1, T4; Compost @ 5.0 t ha-1+ Biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1), T5; Enriched compost @ 2.5 t ha-1, T6: Enriched compost @ 5 t ha-1, T7: Azolla @ 0.5 t ha-1 + Biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1. Result revealed that significantly higher grain and straw yields were recorded as 34.5 and 57.1 q ha-1 with use of enriched compost @ 5.0 t ha-1 treatments. The grain yield of rice was increased by 14.6 and 43.1% over compost @ 5.0 t ha-1 and control, respectively and statistical similar grain yield was obtained with compost @ 5.0 t ha-1+biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1 treatment. Application of enriched compost @ 5 t ha-1 significantly improve total nitrogen phosphorus and potassium uptake by rice and found similar to compost @ 5.0 tha-1 + biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1 (except total K uptake) as compared to other treatments. Total uptake of micronutrient (Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) by rice significantly enhanced with the use of organic farming practices over control. Thus, the dose of compost could be reduced by using enriched compost to obtain higher crop production with its quality.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81788324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of stable oat wild relatives among Avena species for seed and forage yield components using joint regression analysis","authors":"Sawan Kumar","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10215","url":null,"abstract":"Crop wild relatives are a good source of useful alleles for climate change adaptation. In present investigation, seven oat wild relatives (OWRs) including different Avena species tested against one commercial check of cultivated species A. sativa across three consecutive cropping seasons (Rabi 2018-19 to 2020-21) prevalent in North-western Himalayas at CSKHPKV, Palampur. Stability analysis was performed using Eberhart and Russell model for sixteen seed, forage yield and quality attributes. The mean squares for GE interaction were significant for most of the traits indicating differential response of genotypes to different environments. Both linear and non-linear components significantly contributed to genotype × environment interactions. Higher mean over commercial check, above average responsiveness with wider adaptable or stable genotypes identified were HFO 103 (A. orientalis) for seeds per panicle, HFO 498 (A. longiglumis) for harvest index and all the genotypes for protein content. Thus, these selected OWRs found stable and well adapted to all the types of climatic conditions of humid sub-temperate climate could be exploited in future breeding programme","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88543234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Var. Moench) genotypes under drought condition","authors":"V. Baldaniya","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10211","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is a serious concern in agriculture, affecting yields all around the world, and is becoming a major source of food scarcity in many nations. The genetic potential of twelve different sorghum genotypes for drought tolerance and germination was evaluated at Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University in 2018. Water stress was created by employing non-ionic PEG-6000 to lower water potential. The experiment was set up using a complete randomized design with three replications. The experiment included twelve distinct sorghum genotypes with four different PEG-6000 treatments ((S1) 0%, (S2) 5%, (S3) 10%, and (S4) 15% treatment). Our goal in this study was to evaluate 12 sorghum genotypes based on physiological responses as well as drought tolerance. Germination percentage, shoot length, root length, shot dry weight, root dry weight, seedling vigour index, and Root: Shoot ratio were all traits evaluated. Significant differences were observed among the treatments in all 12 sorghum genotypes and genotypeDS-183 was more tolerant to simulated drought stress with PEG-6000 than other sorghum genotypes","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85645779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Some Long Duration Pigonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Genotypes against Major Insect Pests in Varanasi","authors":"Saniya Tyagi","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10198","url":null,"abstract":"Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), an important grain-legume of semi arid tropics is severely attacked by many insect species, resulting in losses of quantity and nutritional quality. In the present study, fifteen long duration genotypes of pigeonpea were assessed against the attack of M. obtusa, C. gibbosa and H. armigera for two years (2017-2018 and 2018-19) in Varanasi. Resistance to pigeonpea genotypes was evaluated by measuring pod and grain damage per cent in accordance with their yields. Pest susceptibility rating revealed that none of the genotypes fell in resistant/highly-resistant categories. However, genotypes IVT-705, IVT-706 and IVT-907 were found to least susceptible for all the three insect pests (except for IVT-907 for C. gibbosa) and also showed higher yields. In other words, yield losses were lower in genotypes which shown less pod/grain damage by insects. Pod damage of some other genotypes viz. IVT-208 (M. obtusa-31.3%, C. gibbosa-12.6%, H. armigera¬-4.8%), IVT-12-904 (M. obtusa-29.5%, C. gibbosa-12.8%, H. armigera¬-7.3%) also accounted for their lower levels of susceptibility to the insect pest complex.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77423573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of quantitative variation and selection criteria for yield improvement in exotic germplasm of tossa jute (Chorchorus olitorius L.)","authors":"D. V. Deshmukh","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10194","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path analysis were estimated for fibre yield and its attributing traits in fifty two germplasm lines of Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) at Rahuri (M.S.) during kharif season of 2020. Higher magnitude of variance was recorded in plant height followed by days to 50% flowering, days to initiation of flowering and fibre yield per plant. The genotype OIN-136 recorded the highest fibre yield per plant along with higher green weight and basal diameter. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variance was for plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to initiation of flowering, fibre yield and basal diameter and the lowest genotypic and phenotypic variance was that of green weight. High values for PCV and GCV were recorded for green weight and fibre weight. High values of heritability were recorded for basal diameter, days to 50% flowering, days to initiation of flowering and plant height and moderate values of heritability were recorded for green weight and fibre yield. The genetic advance was highest for plant height and lowest for base diameter. The high heritability with moderate to high genetic advance over percentage of mean was observed in plant height, days to 50% flowering and days to initiation of flowering which indicate preponderance of additive genetic action. The high heritability with low genetic advance over percentage of mean was observed in basal diameter. Low heritability with low genetic advance over percentage of mean was observed in green weight and fibre yield indicated the presence of both additive and non additive gene effects. The magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than the phenotypic correlation indicating that elimination of environmental effects led to strengthen genetic association. The correlation analysis revealed that there was a nonsignificant association of initiation of flowering with green weight and fibre yield at phenotypic level, plant height with green weight at phenotypic level and plant height with fibre yield at genotypic and phenotypic level. Green weight/ plant had highest positive direct effect on fibre yield per plant at genotypic and phenotypic level, days to 50% flowering at phenotypic and initiation of flowering at genotypic level. Therefore direct selection based on these characters would be feasible. Days to initiation of flowering at phenotypic, days to 50% flowering at genotypic, plant height at genotypic and phenotypic and basal diameter per plant at genotypic exhibited high and negative direct effects towards fibre yield. Significant positive correlations with fibre yield per plant indicated that the indirect selection could be made for high yielding jute genotypes through most of the characters having positive indirect effects.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90615243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}