Annals of Plant and Soil Research最新文献

{"title":"Uptake kinetics of micronutrients in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) with N input","authors":"N. Sharma","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10203","url":null,"abstract":"Study of nutrients uptake kinetics in crop plants is very important to determine the need of nutrients during crop growing period at a specific time, which relies upon a wide variety of factors, like plant species and their varieties, environmental conditions, soil properties, nutrients supply and soil microorganism etc. Therefore, to study the uptake kinetics of micronutrients, field experiments were carried out on sandy loam soil of Typic Haplustepts with six N levels i.e. 0, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 kg ha-1 and compared with absolute control. Uptake of micronutrients and their uptake rate was calculated at 11-60, 61-90, 91-120 and 121-180 day interval. Result revealed that the uptake of iron, zinc, manganese and copper increased with increased levels of applied nitrogen and advancing age of crop plants. It was highest at 120 kg N ha-1 during 121-180 days after sowing (DAS). Uptake of Fe and Mn was exponential while Cu was linear up to 180 days, whereas Zn made plateau beyond 120 DAS of the crop. Uptake rate of Fe and Cu showed linear pattern with increasing levels of N (upto 120 N kg ha-1) at all the four stages of the crop. However, uptake rate of Mn and Zn was different with rates of N application and was nearer to the linear trend up to 91-120 DAS. Fe uptake rate was remarkably higher during 121-180 DAS over the 91-120 DAS with all the levels of applied N. Uptake rate of Mn drastically reduced during 121-180 DAS than 91-120 DAS with all the levels of N. Hence, it can be concluded that application of N have positive response for uptake and uptake rate of micronutrients in fennel irrespective of growth stages, while uptake rate of Mn and Zn varied with stageswhereas the uptake rate of Fe and Cu continued, or even increased after plant senescence appeared, reflects that Zn and Mn are more responsible for growth of areal parts of fennel and Fe and Cu for root growth. Hence later stage application of Zn and Mn may be discouraged, while Cu and Fe application may continue for higher yield, nutrients use efficiency andratooning. Whereas, Mn and Zn uptake rate reduced with senescence of crop. This is because of fennel is an ‘Herbaceous perennial bushy’ plant and root remains active even beyond the senescence of aerial part of crop.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89233913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of long-term organic practices on yield and nutrients uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L) in an acid Inceptisol","authors":"R. K. Didawat","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10207","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation was carried out to the study the impact of long-term organic farming practices on yield and uptake of nutrients by rice in an acid soil of Assam. The seven treatments were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of T1; Absolute control, T2; Biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1, T3; Compost @ 5.0 t ha-1, T4; Compost @ 5.0 t ha-1+ Biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1), T5; Enriched compost @ 2.5 t ha-1, T6: Enriched compost @ 5 t ha-1, T7: Azolla @ 0.5 t ha-1 + Biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1. Result revealed that significantly higher grain and straw yields were recorded as 34.5 and 57.1 q ha-1 with use of enriched compost @ 5.0 t ha-1 treatments. The grain yield of rice was increased by 14.6 and 43.1% over compost @ 5.0 t ha-1 and control, respectively and statistical similar grain yield was obtained with compost @ 5.0 t ha-1+biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1 treatment. Application of enriched compost @ 5 t ha-1 significantly improve total nitrogen phosphorus and potassium uptake by rice and found similar to compost @ 5.0 tha-1 + biofertilizer consortia @ 3.5 kg ha-1 (except total K uptake) as compared to other treatments. Total uptake of micronutrient (Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) by rice significantly enhanced with the use of organic farming practices over control. Thus, the dose of compost could be reduced by using enriched compost to obtain higher crop production with its quality.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81788324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of stable oat wild relatives among Avena species for seed and forage yield components using joint regression analysis","authors":"Sawan Kumar","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10215","url":null,"abstract":"Crop wild relatives are a good source of useful alleles for climate change adaptation. In present investigation, seven oat wild relatives (OWRs) including different Avena species tested against one commercial check of cultivated species A. sativa across three consecutive cropping seasons (Rabi 2018-19 to 2020-21) prevalent in North-western Himalayas at CSKHPKV, Palampur. Stability analysis was performed using Eberhart and Russell model for sixteen seed, forage yield and quality attributes. The mean squares for GE interaction were significant for most of the traits indicating differential response of genotypes to different environments. Both linear and non-linear components significantly contributed to genotype × environment interactions. Higher mean over commercial check, above average responsiveness with wider adaptable or stable genotypes identified were HFO 103 (A. orientalis) for seeds per panicle, HFO 498 (A. longiglumis) for harvest index and all the genotypes for protein content. Thus, these selected OWRs found stable and well adapted to all the types of climatic conditions of humid sub-temperate climate could be exploited in future breeding programme","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88543234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Var. Moench) genotypes under drought condition","authors":"V. Baldaniya","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10211","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is a serious concern in agriculture, affecting yields all around the world, and is becoming a major source of food scarcity in many nations. The genetic potential of twelve different sorghum genotypes for drought tolerance and germination was evaluated at Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University in 2018. Water stress was created by employing non-ionic PEG-6000 to lower water potential. The experiment was set up using a complete randomized design with three replications. The experiment included twelve distinct sorghum genotypes with four different PEG-6000 treatments ((S1) 0%, (S2) 5%, (S3) 10%, and (S4) 15% treatment). Our goal in this study was to evaluate 12 sorghum genotypes based on physiological responses as well as drought tolerance. Germination percentage, shoot length, root length, shot dry weight, root dry weight, seedling vigour index, and Root: Shoot ratio were all traits evaluated. Significant differences were observed among the treatments in all 12 sorghum genotypes and genotypeDS-183 was more tolerant to simulated drought stress with PEG-6000 than other sorghum genotypes","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85645779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Some Long Duration Pigonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Genotypes against Major Insect Pests in Varanasi","authors":"Saniya Tyagi","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10198","url":null,"abstract":"Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), an important grain-legume of semi arid tropics is severely attacked by many insect species, resulting in losses of quantity and nutritional quality. In the present study, fifteen long duration genotypes of pigeonpea were assessed against the attack of M. obtusa, C. gibbosa and H. armigera for two years (2017-2018 and 2018-19) in Varanasi. Resistance to pigeonpea genotypes was evaluated by measuring pod and grain damage per cent in accordance with their yields. Pest susceptibility rating revealed that none of the genotypes fell in resistant/highly-resistant categories. However, genotypes IVT-705, IVT-706 and IVT-907 were found to least susceptible for all the three insect pests (except for IVT-907 for C. gibbosa) and also showed higher yields. In other words, yield losses were lower in genotypes which shown less pod/grain damage by insects. Pod damage of some other genotypes viz. IVT-208 (M. obtusa-31.3%, C. gibbosa-12.6%, H. armigera¬-4.8%), IVT-12-904 (M. obtusa-29.5%, C. gibbosa-12.8%, H. armigera¬-7.3%) also accounted for their lower levels of susceptibility to the insect pest complex.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77423573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of quantitative variation and selection criteria for yield improvement in exotic germplasm of tossa jute (Chorchorus olitorius L.)","authors":"D. V. Deshmukh","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10194","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path analysis were estimated for fibre yield and its attributing traits in fifty two germplasm lines of Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) at Rahuri (M.S.) during kharif season of 2020. Higher magnitude of variance was recorded in plant height followed by days to 50% flowering, days to initiation of flowering and fibre yield per plant. The genotype OIN-136 recorded the highest fibre yield per plant along with higher green weight and basal diameter. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variance was for plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to initiation of flowering, fibre yield and basal diameter and the lowest genotypic and phenotypic variance was that of green weight. High values for PCV and GCV were recorded for green weight and fibre weight. High values of heritability were recorded for basal diameter, days to 50% flowering, days to initiation of flowering and plant height and moderate values of heritability were recorded for green weight and fibre yield. The genetic advance was highest for plant height and lowest for base diameter. The high heritability with moderate to high genetic advance over percentage of mean was observed in plant height, days to 50% flowering and days to initiation of flowering which indicate preponderance of additive genetic action. The high heritability with low genetic advance over percentage of mean was observed in basal diameter. Low heritability with low genetic advance over percentage of mean was observed in green weight and fibre yield indicated the presence of both additive and non additive gene effects. The magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than the phenotypic correlation indicating that elimination of environmental effects led to strengthen genetic association. The correlation analysis revealed that there was a nonsignificant association of initiation of flowering with green weight and fibre yield at phenotypic level, plant height with green weight at phenotypic level and plant height with fibre yield at genotypic and phenotypic level. Green weight/ plant had highest positive direct effect on fibre yield per plant at genotypic and phenotypic level, days to 50% flowering at phenotypic and initiation of flowering at genotypic level. Therefore direct selection based on these characters would be feasible. Days to initiation of flowering at phenotypic, days to 50% flowering at genotypic, plant height at genotypic and phenotypic and basal diameter per plant at genotypic exhibited high and negative direct effects towards fibre yield. Significant positive correlations with fibre yield per plant indicated that the indirect selection could be made for high yielding jute genotypes through most of the characters having positive indirect effects.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90615243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of organic manure and zero budget technique on soil fertility and productivity of sugarcane plant and ratoon crop","authors":"","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10179","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted on clay loam soils at Regional Research Station, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Karnal, Haryana for three year (2018-2021) to investigate the effect of different organic treatments such as farmyard manure (FYM), bio fertilizers (BF) and green manuring (GM) with Sesbania or trash mulching (TM) on sugarcane yield, quality and soil fertility status. Cane length, cane girth, number of millable canes and commercial soluble sugar percent increased with the application of FYM, BF and GM/TM as compared to zero budget technique. The treatment that received 30 t FYM ha-1 +BF+GM/TM+ integrated pest management (IPM) recorded 15.8 and 12.3 % increase in cane yield over zero budget technique in plant and ratoon crops, respectively. Both in plant and ratoon crop, higher available nitrogen (145.7 and 147.8 kg ha-1), phosphorus (18.57 and 18.43 kg ha-1) and potassium (406.8 and 412.8 kg ha-1) were recorded where 30 t FYM ha-1 was applied along with BF+GM/TM+IPM. The application of 30 t FYM ha-1+BF+GM/TM+ IPM was found at par with treatment 20 t FYM ha-1+BF+GM+IPM for plant crop and 25 t FYM ha-1+BF+TM + IPM for ratoon crop. The treatment 20 or 25 t FYM ha-1 + BF + GM/TM + IPM were at par with the RDF treatment. The cane yield and juice quality obtained as a result of application of 20t FYM ha-1 + BF+GM+IPM for sugarcane plant crop and 25t FYM ha-1 +BF+TM+IPM for sugarcane ratoon crop was comparable with that of RDF.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89852802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terminal heat stress modulates growing degree days, heat use efficiency and yield stability index in brassica juncea","authors":"H. Kaur","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10185","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was planned to visualize the impact of terminal heat stress on yield potentials of late sown mustard cultivars under the changing climatic conditions. A set of fifteen B. juncea genotypes were evaluated at two planting dates during two winter seasons. Late planted genotypes faced heat stress during post anthesis/seed filling stage which negatively influenced the movements of photosynthates to developing sinks thus inhibiting synthetic processes, lowering seed weight and seed yield and may even hamper seed quality. Onset of flowering and siliquing were delayed but the completion of flowering and siliquae formation was earlier in the late planted genotypes. Seed filling was impeded by high temperature in late planting causing ≥50% decline in seed yield. Average accumulated growing degree days (AGDD) for phenological stages were higher in normal sown than the late sown crop. AGDD witnessed an increasing trend for flowering and fruiting behaviour in both the sowing dates. However, 50% flowering in late sown crop took 4 accumulated GDDoC days more. Average heat use efficiency was found to be significantly higher in normal sown genotypes for seed (0.95 kg ha-1 ºC-days-1) and biological (0.53 kg ha-1 ºC-days-1) yield relative to the late sown genotypes for seed (0.50 kg ha-1 ºC-days-1) and biological yield (2.71 kg ha-1 ºC-days-1). Seed yield under late sown condition had positive and significant correlation with siliquing duration (r= 0.600*) and reproductive phase (r= 0.558*) whereas, negative with flowering completion (r= -0.573*) and siliqua initiation (r= -0.519*). Based on the results IAN was the best genotype for delayed sowings.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73677106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status of soils and leaves of guava (Psidium guajava) orchards of Agra district, Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Sandeep Singh","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10175","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted on soil and plant nutritional status of guava orchards in order to identify the nutrients that are deficient / low by surveying 100 guava orchards, collection of leaf and soil samples in guava growing Agra district. In general, soils were alkaline in reaction and low in organic carbon. The range (mean) values of available N, P, K and S were 175.0 to 235.0 (196.5 kg ha-1), 8.5 to 24.0 (27.5 kg-1), 180.0 275.0 (218.5 kg ha-1) and 9.0 to 26.0 (15.5 kg ha1), respectively in orchard soils. As regards to DTPA extractable Fe, Mn and Cu, the status of these micronutrient cations was adequate in these soils. The soils of guava orchards were deficient in DTPA-Zn to the extent of 45 per cent. Most of the nutrients showed positive relationship with organic carbon content. These elements were negatively related with soil pH and calcium carbonate. The yield limiting nutrients differed from orchards to orchards though some of the nutrients were more prominent. The leaf samples were deficient in nitrogen, sulphur and zinc. On the other hand, P, K, Fe, Cu contents in majority of leaves were in optimum range in guava orchards. The ranges of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur content in guava leaves were from 1.55, to 2.18, to 0.16 to 0.32, 1.20 to 2.10 and 0.18 to 0.35 per cent, respectively. The corresponding ranges of micronutrient cations, i.e. Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in guava leaves were from 145 to 242, 28.0 to 60.0, 4.5 to 10.6 and 17.5 to 35 mg kg-1.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84417296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abiotic stress tolerant, antagonistic Trichoderma spp. as an adaptation strategy for crop disease management under climate change conditions","authors":"Meenakshi Taduri","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10192","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and climatic variability are major over-riding concerns for Indian agriculture impacting ultimate farm profitability and sustainability.Both biotic and abiotic stresses are influenced by these phenomena. In the current study 13Trichoderma isolates were screened in-vitroat CRIDA - Hyderabad during 2018-2019, for their biotic and abiotic stress tolerance levels.In-vitro antagonistic activity with phytopathogens Macrophominaphaseolina (Mp), Fusariumoxysporumf.sp. ricini (FoR), Rhizoctoniasolani (Rs) and Sclerotiumrolfsii (Sr) revealed that T6,T7,T9,T12 and T13 isolates were most effective against Mp, FoR and Rs with 97-100% inhibition, in Rs T4, T12 and T13 with 69-75% inhibition were found to be best.In plant growth promotion traits, T5 was found to be the highest producer of IAA with 37.9g/mL, T6 and T8 produced the highest amounts of HCN (39.2ppm). Similarly ammonia was produced highest in T5 and T13 while in siderophore production was highest in T10 isolate with 80 SU. Under drought conditions, T3, T12, T11 and T13 isolates were tolerant up to -1.8MPa and in salinity conditionsT6, T12 and T13 isolates were resistant up to 220 dSm-1. T6, T12 and T13 isolates were found to sustain elevated temperatures up to 43°C. Most of the Trichoderma isolates were found to be effective antagonists and abiotic stress tolerant.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83192492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}