Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine最新文献

{"title":"Systemic aspects of psoriasis","authors":"David L Mcmillin MA,&nbsp;Douglas G Richards PHD,&nbsp;Eric A Mein MD,&nbsp;Carl D Nelson DC","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00010-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00010-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Psoriasis can best be understood from a multifactorial approach that recognizes the systemic aspects of the disorder. Among the various factors thought to be involved in the etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis, bowel pathology has assumed a noteworthy position in the literature. This article reviews the psoriasis/bowel connection with regard to abnormal bowel structure and physiology in psoriasis patients. Clinical implications of bowel involvement in psoriasis are discussed within the framework of an integrative medicine model that emphasizes natural therapeutics for addressing the systemic aspects of the illness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 105-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00010-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21725028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"β-Carotene and selenium supplementation enhances immune response in aged humans","authors":"Steven M Wood PHD, RD ,&nbsp;Carla Beckham BA, BS, SM ,&nbsp;Ayako Yosioka PHD ,&nbsp;Hamid Darban PHD, CCP ,&nbsp;Ronald R Watson PHD","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00009-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00009-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background:</em><span> Nutritional research has focused on the effects of specific nutrients' ability to cause or prevent cancer. While β-carotene and selenium (both important for antioxidant systems) have cancer prevention capabilities, their antineoplastic mechanism(s) remains to be elucidated. </span><em>Methods:</em><span><span> In a prospective, randomized study design we evaluated immunological changes in free-living, healthy aged humans (57–84 years of age) given a placebo, β-carotene (45 mg/day), and/or selenium (400 μg/day) supplement for 6 months and after 2 months of discontinuation. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were evaluated and subtyped using flowcytometry. Natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity was determined by a fluorescent method. Plasma diene conjugates were assessed to evaluate changes in </span>oxidative stress. </span><em>Results:</em> Selenium and selenium plus β-carotene supplementation caused an increase in total T cells by 27% and 31%, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; .05). The only group that was different (in T lymphocytes) from the controls (placebo group) after 6 months of supplementation (<em>p</em> &lt; .05) was the selenium-supplemented group (+65%). Much of this increase was the result of an increase in CD4⁺ T-cell subsets. Selenium or β-carotene supplementation for 3 months increased NK cell cytotoxicity over pretreatment levels by 58% and 34%, respectively; however, these levels returned to +12% and −6% of pretreatment levels after 6 months supplementation. Selenium plus β-carotene supplementation caused an increase in the percentage of NK cell by 121% and 161% at 3 and 6 months, respectively. However, the increased numbers of NK cells were not correlated with NK cell activity. <em>Conclusions:</em> We found that selenium enhanced immune function (NK cell cytotoxicity) and phenotypic expression of T-cell subsets, whereas β-carotene affected only immune function. Increased NK cell cytotoxicity may last for only a short period of supplementation and was not sustained throughout the 6 months of supplementation. Supplemental selenium and β-carotene seemed to affect immune function in aged subjects by different mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00009-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21725131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among Rheumatology Patients","authors":"Joya Tillem MD (Health Research Fellow)","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00004-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00004-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 143-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00004-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137405806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences between family physicians and patients in their knowledge and attitudes regarding traditional chinese medicine","authors":"Bin Chen MED ,&nbsp;Amy Bernard PHD, CHES ,&nbsp;Randall Cottrell DED, CHES","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00006-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00006-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background:</em> With patients turning more to alternative medicine, most physicians are still conservative in their views toward these practices. It is important to know whether there is a difference between physicians and patients regarding knowledge and attitudes about alternative medicine. This study focused on information regarding a specific type of alternative medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). <em>Methods:</em> Two questionnaires—one for physicians, one for patients—were designed. Two clinics were chosen as sites where patients could fill out the questionnaires while they were waiting for treatment. A total of 85 patient questionnaires were collected. Forty-four completed questionnaires were returned from family physicians in Cincinnati area. Data analyiss included <em>t</em><span>-test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression. </span><em>Results:</em> Generally, physicians and patients had the same knowledge level on TCM. Physicians, however, had more knowledge on basic concepts, whereas patients knew more about practice, such as the specific conditions that could be treated by TCM. A difference between physicians and patients on attitudes toward TCM was found, with patients having a more positive attitude. More than 60% of the patients in this study had visited alternative practitioners during the year prior to this study. The inform rate was higher for the patients visiting physicians who practiced alternative treatment. <em>Conclusions:</em> There are differences between physicians and patients regarding their knowledge and attitudes about TCM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00006-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21725126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypnotherapy for crohn's disease","authors":"Marcelle Bartolo Abela BCH, CH, MHS (ACC)","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00005-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00005-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Crohn's disease<span> is a nonspecific chronic syndrome of unknown origin for which, to date, no conventional (i.e., medical or surgical) cure exists. However, recent clinical case studies<span> and anecdotal reports have shown that the use of different forms of hypnotherapy for the treatment of Crohn's have actually resulted in cures. This report reviews and compares the effectiveness of hypnotherapy in the treatment of Crohn's disease vis-a-vis current medical and surgical therapies, in addition to reviewing evidence of the modulation of immune function parameters by hypnosis, while providing support for current etiological hypotheses of Crohn's disease as an autoimmune disorder.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 127-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00005-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21725030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation","authors":"Mohsen Araghi-Niknam PHD ,&nbsp;Saiid Hosseini MD ,&nbsp;Douglas Larson PHD ,&nbsp;Peter Rohdewald PHD ,&nbsp;Ronald Ross Watson PHD","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00002-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00002-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The effects of long-term consumption of the bioflavonoid mixture, French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol®), were assessed on aggregation of platelets from cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. Previously we showed that a single dose of Pycnogenol® reduced </span>platelet aggregation<span> in cigarette smokers in a dose–response fashion. Cigarette smoking increased platelet reactivity aggregation when measured 2 h after smoking the first cigarette of the day. Blood was collected immediately before and 5 min after smoking three cigarettes each. Smoking increased platelet aggregation (1.17 ± 0.04). However 200 mg Pycnogenol®/day, taken 3 h prior to first cigarette for the day for 2 months, significantly (</span></span><em>p</em><span><span> &lt; .0023) reduced smoke-induced platelet aggregation (0.98 ± 0.05) to the level of nonsmokers. In a group of 19 nonsmokers, platelet aggregation was measured during in vitro stimulation by platelet aggregation factor (PAF) after 4 or 8 weeks of 200 mg/day of Pycnogenol® consumption. Platelet aggregation was significant when induced in vitro by PAF. However, Pycnogenol® consumption did not change platelet aggregation, suggesting that Pycnogenol®'s regulation of aggregation is by another mechanism. Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) is increased in smokers by release from platelets and rapidly becomes </span>thromboxane B2 (TxB2). Smoking increased TxB2, which was prevented by Pycnogenol®, lowering TxB2 levels to those of nonsmokers. However, Pycnogenol® had no effect on the lower levels of TxB2 in nonsmokers. These observations suggest that Pycnogenol® supplementation reduces a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, that is, platelet aggregation in smokers. The bioflavonoids in Pycnogenol® reduced platelet aggregation stimulated by tobacco smoke.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 73-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00002-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21725129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00015-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00015-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 23-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00015-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85689828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance with Requests for Complementary-Alternative Medicine Referrals","authors":"Brian M Berman MD ,&nbsp;R.Barker Bausell PHD ,&nbsp;Susan M Hartnoll BA ,&nbsp;Mac Beckner BS ,&nbsp;Joseph Bareta MSC","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00014-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00014-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background:</em> A majority of primary care physicians in many Western countries have referred patients for complementary and alternative medicine. Patient requests appear to be one of the primary determinants of CAM referral behavior. The present study was designed to identify potential correlates of compliance with these requests for referral. <em>Methods:</em> Questionnaires were mailed to a random sample of family practitioners, internists, and pediatricians. A total of 783 physicians responded regarding their prior training, requests for referrals, referrals made, attitudes, and observations of harmful/beneficial effects related to each of 16 specific CAM therapies. <em>Results:</em><span> At least 10% of the physicians had received one or more patient requests for referral for 15 of the 16 CAM therapies listed. When compliance was liberally defined as honoring at least one patient's request for a referral to a specific therapy, 11 of the 16 therapies registered compliance rates of 50% or greater. Physicians were most likely to comply with requests for biofeedback/relaxation therapies, massage/therapeutic touch, hypnotherapy, and prayer/spiritual direction. They were least likely to refer patients for homeopathy, herbal medicine, and megavitamin therapies. </span><em>Conclusions:</em> Physicians who have observed beneficial effects of a CAM therapy, consider a CAM therapy to be a legitimate medical practice, or have had training in a therapy are more likely to comply with requests for referral.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 11-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00014-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80804129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Function in Elderly Smokers and Nonsmokers Improves During Supplementation with Fruit and Vegetable Extracts","authors":"Paula F Inserra PHD ,&nbsp;Shuguang Jiang BM ,&nbsp;David Solkoff BS ,&nbsp;Jeongmin Lee MS ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang PHD ,&nbsp;Minjan Xu PHD ,&nbsp;Robert Hesslink JR. PHD ,&nbsp;John Wise PHD ,&nbsp;Ronald R Watson PHD","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00010-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00010-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background:</em> Epidemiological evidence suggests fruits and vegetables reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. Immune function declines with age as CVD and cancer incidence rises and may be related to poor antioxidant status. <em>Objective:</em><span> To investigate how fruit and vegetable extracts (Juice Plus™) containing multiple antioxidants and phytonutrients affect immune function in the elderly. </span><em>Design:</em> Subjects (<em>n</em> = 53; aged 60–86 years, mean = 68 years) consumed extracts for 80 days and two blood samples were taken at baseline and then one at days 40 and 80. <em>Results:</em> Significant increases were found in the serum antioxidants when baseline values were compared with day 80; lutein/zeaxanthin (<em>p</em> &lt; .005), α-carotene (<em>p</em> &lt; .0001), β-carotene (<em>p</em><span> &lt; .0001), lycopene (</span><em>p</em> &lt; .05), and α-tocopherol (<em>p</em><span> &lt; .005). Spontaneous proliferation of PBM cells increased significantly (</span><em>p</em> &lt; .0001). Natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity significantly increased at effector to target cell ratios of 100:1 (<em>p</em> &lt; .0001), 50:1 (<em>p</em> &lt; .0005), and 25:1 (<em>p</em> &lt; .005). Supernatant from PBM cells stimulated with phytohemaglutinin (PHA; 10 μg/mL) resulted in significant twofold increases in interleukin-2 (IL-2) (<em>p</em> &lt; .0001). Additionally, statistically significant increases in IL-2 production were observed in smokers (<em>p</em> &lt; .005). <em>Conclusions:</em> Fruit and vegetable extract supplementation significantly enhanced multiple measures of immune function in elderly subjects, and improved IL-2 levels in smokers. Fruit and vegetable extract supplementation offers a novel way to improve compliance with current nutritional recommendations and may potentially lower disease risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00010-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85823260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00011-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00011-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80285,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine : integrating conventional and alternative medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 19-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1096-2190(99)00011-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82749357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}