Annals of Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Colorectal cancer detection using noncontrast CT and deep learning: a multicenter and international cohort study","authors":"X. Chen,&nbsp;M.Y. Qiu,&nbsp;J.P. Zhang,&nbsp;Y.D. Xia,&nbsp;K. Cao,&nbsp;W.W. Cao,&nbsp;L.S. Yao,&nbsp;L. Lambert,&nbsp;S.Y. Li,&nbsp;Y.T. Liang,&nbsp;H. Lin,&nbsp;Y.F. Yu,&nbsp;J.W. Yao,&nbsp;W.C. Guo,&nbsp;J. Xu,&nbsp;Z.L. Zheng,&nbsp;Y. Mao,&nbsp;Z.W. Chen,&nbsp;Y. Shi,&nbsp;T. Kovarnik,&nbsp;Z.Y. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths, with early screening vital to reduce mortality. While methods such as colonoscopy and computed tomography (CT) colonography are available, they face challenges such as bowel preparation, invasiveness, and low adherence. We aimed to develop COCA (COlorectal Cancer detection with AI), a novel, noninvasive, cost-effective, and scalable method for CRC screening using noncontrast CT scans.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>This retrospective, multicenter, and international study included 1321 CRC patients and 1357 normal controls from two centers to develop COCA. We enhanced the CRC detection capabilities of COCA by employing a joint lesion segmentation and classification architecture, optimized with mixed-supervised learning. For validation, we gathered abdominal and pelvic CT data from four external centers and chest CT data from four centers. A reader study involving 10 radiologists with varying levels of experience evaluated diagnostic performance on noncontrast CT first without COCA assistance and then with it. Additionally, we evaluated both the initial and iteratively improved versions of COCA in two real-world, multi-scenario cohorts comprising 27 433 consecutive patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a multicenter and international validation involving 2053 patients across six centers, COCA demonstrated an area under the curve ranging from 0.967 to 0.996 for CRC detection. COCA improved CRC detection sensitivity by 20.4% and specificity by 5.4% compared with radiologists. In the first real-world multi-scenario validation with 9014 consecutive patients, COCA achieved a sensitivity of 88.2% and specificity of 99.5% for CRC detection. In the second external real-world validation involving 18 419 consecutive patients, COCA maintained a sensitivity of 86.6% and specificity of 99.8%, with a positive predictive value of 63.4%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>COCA demonstrated robust performance across various clinical scenarios, including physical exams, emergency departments, outpatient, and inpatient settings, effectively preventing missed CRC diagnoses. These findings suggest that COCA could serve as a potential tool for large-scale opportunistic CRC screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 8","pages":"Pages 1144-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of retifanlimab into the standard of care first-line therapy of advanced squamous anal cancer—lessons learned and open questions","authors":"D.P. Modest,&nbsp;R.-D. Hofheinz","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.706","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 8","pages":"Pages 1028-1029"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148100817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ctDNA-guided adjuvant therapy in stage II colon cancer: a step forward, but not the final word","authors":"N. Tarazona,&nbsp;A. Parikh","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 8","pages":"Pages 1021-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148222961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards the practical use of AI: a tool for scalable colorectal cancer screening","authors":"E.Y.T. Wong,&nbsp;A. Plumb,&nbsp;K.K. Shiu","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.06.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.06.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 8","pages":"Pages 1024-1027"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148597771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: final analysis of efficacy and safety from the phase III CheckMate 214 trial☆","authors":"T.K. Choueiri,&nbsp;L. Albigès,&nbsp;D.F. McDermott,&nbsp;H.J. Hammers,&nbsp;B. Escudier,&nbsp;M. Burotto,&nbsp;E.R. Plimack,&nbsp;C. Porta,&nbsp;S. George,&nbsp;T. Powles,&nbsp;F. Donskov,&nbsp;M.B. Atkins,&nbsp;H. Gurney,&nbsp;C.K. Kollmannsberger,&nbsp;M.-O. Grimm,&nbsp;C. Barrios,&nbsp;D. Castellano,&nbsp;V. Grünwald,&nbsp;Y. Tomita,&nbsp;B.I. Rini,&nbsp;R.J. Motzer","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.02.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.02.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) demonstrated significant long-term survival and response benefits in patients with previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in the phase III CheckMate 214 trial (NCT02231749). We report final efficacy and safety results with 9.3 years median follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Patients (<em>N</em> = 1096) were randomized to NIVO 3 mg/kg plus IPI 1 mg/kg every 3 weeks × four doses, followed by NIVO (3 mg/kg or 240 mg every 2 weeks or 480 mg every 4 weeks); or sunitinib (SUN) (50 mg) once daily (4 weeks on, 2 weeks off). Endpoints: overall survival (OS), and independent radiology review committee-assessed progression-free survival and objective response rate in International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) intermediate/poor-risk (primary), intention-to-treat (secondary), and IMDC favorable-risk (exploratory) patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>With a median (range) follow-up of 9.3 years (8.6-9.9 years), the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for OS with NIVO + IPI versus SUN was 0.71 (0.62-0.82) in intention-to-treat patients, 0.69 (0.59-0.81) in intermediate/poor-risk patients, and 0.80 (0.59-1.09) in favorable-risk patients; 108-month OS probabilities were 31.4% versus 19.5%, 30.2% versus 18.7%, and 35.3% versus 21.8%, respectively. Progression-free survival probabilities at 96 months were 22.7% versus 9.0% (intention-to-treat), 25.4% versus 8.5% (intermediate/poor risk), and 12.5% versus 11.3% (favorable risk). Probabilities of remaining in response at 96 months with NIVO + IPI versus SUN were 48.0% versus 19.0% (intention-to-treat), 50.0% versus 23.0% (intermediate/poor risk), and 36.0% versus not estimable (favorable risk). Incidence of any-grade (grade 3-4) treatment-related adverse events (AEs) was 94.1% (48.6%) with NIVO + IPI versus 97.6% (64.1%) with SUN. Exploratory <em>post hoc</em> analyses reported include descriptive analyses of OS by immune-mediated AE discontinuation status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the longest phase III follow-up of a first-line checkpoint inhibitor combination in aRCC (&gt;9 years), NIVO + IPI maintained a substantial survival benefit with durable responses versus SUN. Grade 3-4 treatment-related AEs were lower with NIVO + IPI versus SUN at 9 years. NIVO + IPI remains a first-line standard of care in aRCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 7","pages":"Pages 960-973"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147363674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"27P Structural gaps in post-universal screening management: Clinical implications of \"isolated MSI-H” colorectal cancer in an aging society","authors":"T. Shonaka,&nbsp;C. Tani,&nbsp;D. Koro,&nbsp;H. Iwata,&nbsp;M. Ohara,&nbsp;Y. Makita,&nbsp;M. Tanino,&nbsp;H. Yokoo","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 ","pages":"Page S12"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"15P Differential risk patterns of secondary colon and rectal cancers in medullary versus papillary thyroid carcinoma survivors: A focused SEER analysis","authors":"Y. Huang,&nbsp;C. Sun,&nbsp;L. Liu,&nbsp;L. Billstein,&nbsp;T. Vinh,&nbsp;A. Fickel,&nbsp;Y. Wang,&nbsp;Y. Yan,&nbsp;E. Lees,&nbsp;V. Kumbhari","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 ","pages":"Page S9"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148546323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"28P Treatment outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer: A population-based real-world study in Finland","authors":"A. Hosio,&nbsp;S. Tuominen,&nbsp;M. Ulvestad,&nbsp;B. Russell,&nbsp;O. Laatikainen,&nbsp;K. Uusi-Rauva,&nbsp;L.M. Nikkola,&nbsp;A. Levitsky,&nbsp;P.J. Osterlund","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 ","pages":"Pages S12-S13"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148546324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"64P Biomarker-stratified survival in metastatic colorectal cancer: Real-world evidence from a national parallel registry in Cyprus","authors":"A. Koulouridi,&nbsp;A. Kolomitrousi,&nbsp;C. Matthaiou,&nbsp;E. Xenophontos,&nbsp;A. Protopappa,&nbsp;K. Charalambous,&nbsp;T. Antoniou,&nbsp;P. Gelastou,&nbsp;R. Georgiou,&nbsp;A. Nikolaou,&nbsp;A. Papadopoulos,&nbsp;N. Vasileiadou,&nbsp;E. Vorrias,&nbsp;G. Tsironis,&nbsp;D. Papamichael","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 ","pages":"Page S25"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"101P Evaluating quality metrics and consistency of AI-generated patient education in colorectal cancer treatments: A cross-sectional study of five AI platforms against macmillan guidelines assessing readability, understandability, actionability, domain completion and reliability","authors":"V.K. Polisetty,&nbsp;S. Chitrala,&nbsp;M. Tilby","doi":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8000,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Oncology","volume":"37 ","pages":"Page S40"},"PeriodicalIF":80.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}