ACS Applied Polymer Materials最新文献

{"title":"Phenothiazine-Functionalized Triazine-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic Organic Synthesis","authors":"Huijie Qiao,&nbsp;Huiru Pan,&nbsp;Like Jiang,&nbsp;Chaoyu Wang,&nbsp;Yikai Zhang,&nbsp;Yanjie Wang,&nbsp;Guoqun Liu,&nbsp;Xiangtao Kong,&nbsp;Liting Yang","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c03015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c03015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, we present a donor–acceptor molecularengineeringstrategy in which three electron-donating moieties including benzene,triphenylamine, and phenothiazine are condensed with electron-deficienttriazine monomers via Schiff-base reaction to furnish three crystallinephotocatalysts, denoted as COF-C, COF-N, and COF-NS. Combined PXRD,FT-IR, and solid-state NMR analyses confirm the formation of all threeCOFs with eclipsed AA-stacked crystalline frameworks. Photophysicaland photoelectrochemical measurements reveal that phenothiazine-functionalizedCOF-NS, bearing dual N and S heteroatoms, possesses the narrowestDFT-calculated HOMO–LUMO gap of 1.92 eV (together with an experimentaloptical band gap of 2.0 eV) and the broadest visible-light absorptionrange, thereby efficiently suppressing the recombination of photogeneratedelectron–hole pairs and delivering the optimal charge transportperformance. The oxidative cyclization of <em>o</em>-phenylenediaminewith benzaldehyde to 2-phenylbenzimidazole was selected as the modelphotocatalytic reaction. The catalytic activity follows the orderCOF-C &lt; COF-N &lt; COF-NS: under optimized conditions COF-NS affordsa yield as high as 94%, accompanied by broad substrate compatibility,reliable gram-scale preparation, and excellent cycling stability.Reactive oxygen species trapping and EPR experiments identify superoxideradical anions, together with photogenerated electrons and holes,as the principal active species, from which a complete catalytic pathwaywas proposed. DFT calculations further demonstrate that the push–pullelectronic system constructed between phenothiazine and triazine broadensthe surface electrostatic potential and enhances charge separationefficiency, accounting at the electronic level for the superior performanceof COF-NS. Overall, this study offers a rational strategy for themolecular design of high-performance COF photocatalysts and the greensynthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18468–18480"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149282090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bilayer P(VDF-HFP)/SiO2 Aerogel Composite Coating on Fabric for Passive Radiative Cooling and Thermal Insulation","authors":"Shengyuan Wang,&nbsp;Xiang Li,&nbsp;Baokang Yu,&nbsp;Beibei Chen,&nbsp;Mengyao Lv,&nbsp;Zupei Yuan,&nbsp;Rongwu Wang,&nbsp;Jianxin He","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c02753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c02753","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Passive thermal management coatings can reduce buildingcoolingenergy consumption by reflecting solar radiation and blocking heattransfer. In this work, a bilayer composite thermal management coatingwas designed and prepared. The coating consists of a porous poly(vinylidenefluoride-<em>co</em>-hexafluoropropylene) [P(VDF-HFP)] reflectivetop layer and a SiO₂ aerogel/potassium hexatitanate whiskerinsulating bottom layer. The porous top layer was formed by water-inducedphase separation. It achieved a solar reflectance of 89.2% in thesolar spectral region of 0.3–2.5 μm and an infrared emissivityof 96.73% in the mid-infrared region of 3–25 μm. Thebottom layer used the low-thermal-conductivity porous structure ofSiO₂ aerogel and the supporting effect of potassium hexatitanatewhiskers, giving a thermal conductivity as low as 0.02125 W m^–1 K^–1. Outdoor tests showed thatthe bilayer composite coating achieved a maximum cooling effect of9.9 °C. The bilayer structure enables effective cooling throughthe synergistic effect of solar heat input suppression by the toplayer and heat conduction resistance by the bottom layer. This coatingshows potential for building energy saving and outdoor thermal management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18272–18281"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149282035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Hydrogels for Atmospheric Moisture Adsorption","authors":"Sa Rang Choi,&nbsp;Jung Myoung Lee","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c03547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c03547","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hygroscopic hydrogels have emerged as promising adsorbentsforatmospheric water harvesting owing to their tunable network structuresand strong affinity for water. In this study, carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) hydrogel beads were fabricated using a dual-crosslinking strategyin which covalent bonding with epichlorohydrin (ECH) and ionic interactionswith Ca²⁺ ions in a CaCl₂ coagulation bath occurredsimultaneously. This approach enabled the in situ incorporation ofhygroscopic calcium species, eliminating the need for an additionalsalt-loading step. The effects of CMC (1–6 wt %), ECH (1–10wt %), and NaOH (1–6 wt %) concentrations on precursor viscosity,hydrogel yield, bead morphology, calcium distribution, and atmosphericmoisture adsorption were systematically evaluated. Precursor viscosityincreased with CMC concentration (53–26,114 cP) but decreasedwith NaOH concentration (11,263–2,344 cP). Atmospheric moistureadsorption increased with relative humidity (RH), reaching 3.0–4.9g/g at 90% RH. The formulation containing 3 wt % CMC, 5 wt % ECH,and 1 wt % NaOH achieved the highest hydrogel yield and moisture adsorptioncapacity. Using a custom gravity-driven multi-nozzle bead-dropper,this formulation produced dry hydrogels at a rate of 0.983 kg/h, approximately1,000 times that of the conventional syringe-pump system, while alower-viscosity reference formulation further increased throughputto 1.350 kg/h. Collectively, these findings highlight the feasibilityof scalable production of biomass-derived hygroscopic hydrogel beadsfor atmospheric moisture harvesting.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18789–18799"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149282161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-Separation-Optimized Porous PVDF-TrFE Piezoelectric Sensor with Liquid Metal Electrodes for Wrist Motion Recognition","authors":"Tianbin He,&nbsp;Xiao Lu,&nbsp;Jiahao Wang,&nbsp;Chenghao Zhou,&nbsp;Shen Gao,&nbsp;Yuyin Zhang,&nbsp;Jingya Zhu,&nbsp;Yue Wang,&nbsp;Songyi Zhong,&nbsp;Tao Yue","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c03235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c03235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Poly(vinylidene fluoride-<em>co</em>-trifluoroethylene)(PVDF-TrFE)-based piezoelectric sensors have demonstrated considerablepromise for wearable physiological monitoring and human–machineinteraction owing to their self-powered operation and mechanical compliance.However, the piezoelectric output of such devices remains constrainedby two coupled bottlenecks: the intrinsically limited piezoelectriccoefficient and force-to-electricity conversion efficiency of plainPVDF-TrFE films, and the charge dissipation arising from microscopicair gaps and contact resistance at the rigid-electrode/soft-polymerinterface due to mechanical mismatch. Here, we propose a synergisticstrategy that couples nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) forporous structure engineering with microchannel-confined liquid-metalelectrodes, simultaneously addressing performance limitations at boththe film-body and electrode-interface levels. By systematically tuningthe volumetric ratio of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to water in thecoagulation bath, PVDF-TrFE films with pore architectures were fabricated;at the optimal DMF:water ratio of 1:9 composition, the film simultaneouslyachieved 39.69% porosity and 93.80% β-phase content. Quantitativedecoupling analysis reveals that the NIPS-derived porous architecturecontributes an approximately 2.3-fold output enhancement, upon whichthe liquid-metal electrode, through gap-free conformal contact enablingefficient charge collection, delivers a further ∼15-fold amplification.The resulting flexible piezoelectric sensor exhibits a peak outputvoltage of 4.10 V under a 12 N normal load, a sensitivity of 0.790V/N in the low-force regime (0.5–3 N), and excellent operationalstability with no discernible signal degradation over 10,000 loadingcycles. As a proof-of-concept for wearable human–machine interfacing,the single-channel sensor combined with an XGBoost classifier achieves91.74% accuracy in discriminating five representative wrist motions.These findings confirm that pore engineering at the film level andinterface engineering at the electrode level represent two mutuallydecoupled and functionally complementary optimization dimensions,whose synergistic integration offers a viable technological pathwaytoward high-performance flexible piezoelectric sensors with low fabricationcomplexity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18628–18640"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149251344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Hydration and Mechanical Stability in One-Step Photocured GelMA/Poly(acrylic acid-co-hydroxyethyl acrylate) Composite Hydrogels","authors":"Jiru Jia,&nbsp;Fangqing Ge,&nbsp;Xiaotian Chen,&nbsp;Zhihe Zhang,&nbsp;Lvyi Yang,&nbsp;Jing Qu,&nbsp;Jun Peng,&nbsp;Qi Xiao,&nbsp;Ya Yang,&nbsp;Wei Ma,&nbsp;Jie Chen","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c03350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c03350","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Toaddress the challenge of balancing high-water contentwith structuralstability in hydrogels, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) was introducedinto a poly(acrylic acid-<em>co</em>-hydroxyethyl acrylate)system. GelMA/PAH composite hydrogels (Gel-PAH) were then preparedthrough one-step ultraviolet (UV) photocuring, and their network formationand overall properties were tuned by varying the glycerol dimethacrylate(GDMA) content. The Gel-PAH hydrogels exhibited higher hydration capacityand greater surface wettability than the corresponding PAH hydrogels.As the GDMA content increased, the gel fraction and tensile strengthof both the PAH and Gel-PAH series generally increased. The tensilestrength of the Gel-PAH hydrogels ranged from approximately 1.6 to2.5 MPa. Gel-PAH-0.15 exhibited an equilibrium water content of 82.55%,a water contact angle of approximately 39°, and a relative cellularmetabolic activity of approximately 84% after 24 h. Overall, Gel-PAH-0.15achieved a favorable balance among network stability, hydration capacity,mechanical performance, and preliminary direct contact cytocompatibility.These results show that a compositionally simple AA/HEA-GelMA systemprovides a straightforward route to tune hydration and mechanicalperformance through one-step UV photocuring and adjustment of GDMAcontent, without introducing additional reinforcing fillers or sequentialcross-linking processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18672–18683"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149282040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bonding Properties and Antifungal and Flame-Retardant Performances of Soy Protein Adhesive Modified by Vanillin Grafting and Iron–Dopamine Synergy","authors":"Guaiqiao Wu,&nbsp;Fengxiang Cao,&nbsp;Yecheng Xu,&nbsp;Zhuhui Qiao,&nbsp;Zhen Fang","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c02724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c02724","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Currently, environmentally benign biomass-based adhesiveshavebecome a research focus of the wood-based panel industry. As an eco-friendlyalternative to formaldehyde-based resins, soy protein isolate (SPI)adhesives hold broad application prospects. However, their inadequatemechanical properties and poor water resistance hinder their industrialapplication. This study utilized the trifunctional aldehyde monomerconstructed from vanillin and Fe@polydopamine (Fe@PDA), inspired bythe mussel biomimetic modification mechanism, to reinforce the cross-linkingstructure of SPI. The results indicated that the dry and wet shearstrengths of the SPI-10TAM-5Fe@PDA adhesive reached 2.45 and 1.28MPa, which were 140.20% and 137.04% higher than those of the pureSPI adhesive, respectively. Various characterization techniques confirmedthat the adhesive composite system formed a stable cross-linking networkstructure, exhibiting an excellent water resistance and solvent resistance.Furthermore, the adhesive exhibited significantly improved mold resistance,ideal flame-retardant performance, remarkably reduced graphitization,and an enhanced thermal stability. The construction of this mussel-inspirednanophase-reinforced structure provides research insight for the developmentof high-performance water-resistant biomass-based adhesives.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18234–18246"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149282034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Performance Thermoplastic Composites for Electromagnetic Shielding Applications","authors":"Wei Cheng,&nbsp;Wenling Jiao,&nbsp;Jingna Zhao,&nbsp;Jingyun Zou,&nbsp;Bin Ding,&nbsp;Xiaohua Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c03195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c03195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Withthe increasing complexity of electromagnetic environments,the demand for shielding materials in extreme service is rapidly expanding,and high-performance thermoplastic polymers have emerged as promisingcandidates owing to their various outstanding performances. However,achieving effective electromagnetic shielding and multifunctionalintegration relies on the construction of conductive networks in polymer,optimization of filler–matrix interfaces, and rational structuraldesign. These difficulties are further exacerbated in high-performancethermoplastic polymers due to their intrinsic physicochemical characteristics,posing significant challenges to realizing the desired functionalities.Herein, we review recent advances in high-performance thermoplasticelectromagnetic shielding materials, discuss the present challenges,and outline future directions. First, we introduce the fundamentalshielding mechanisms and energy conversion, followed by a discussionof matrix selection and composition strategies for electromagneticshielding. Subsequently, composition strategies for combining fillersand matrices are discussed, with emphasis on typical structures tohighlight the critical roles of conductive network construction andinterfacial regulation in electromagnetic wave attenuation. Additionally,the environmental stability and multifunctional integration of thesematerials are presented. Finally, future perspectives for the developmentof high-performance thermoplastic electromagnetic shielding materialsare discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18074–18097"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149282163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Adaptable Deep Eutectogels with High Stretchability, Low Hysteresis, and Long-Term Stability for Wearable Strain Sensors","authors":"Hongchao Du,&nbsp;Hao Lu,&nbsp;Yifan Wang,&nbsp;Lexuan Yin,&nbsp;Liyuan Lin,&nbsp;Yuhan Yan,&nbsp;Ting Mei,&nbsp;Zhenbang Yuan,&nbsp;Linmeng Song,&nbsp;Yingjie Wang,&nbsp;Wu-Cheng Nie,&nbsp;Peng Xue,&nbsp;Shaojian Tang","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c03106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c03106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogels are widely used in wearable flexible sensors,but sufferfrom dehydration, freezing, and bacterial growth under harsh environments.Here, we present a low-hysteresis eutectogel by incorporating quaternaryammonium chitosan (QCS) into an electrostatically driven supramolecularnetwork prepared from acrylic acid (AA) and betaine deep eutecticsolvent. The addition of QCS not only forms hydrogen bonds with poly(acrylicacid) (PAA) and betaine to create a supramolecular network, but alsoacts as a “physical cross-linker” by “anchoring”the polymer molecular chains together. The eutectogel exhibits excellentstretchability (∼1800%), low hysteresis (&lt;10%), strain sensitivity(GF = 7.02 at 700–900% strain), fast response (46 ms), long-termstability (&gt;14 days) and antifreezing abilities (−30 °C).In addition, the eutectogel also demonstrates good biocompatibility,bacteriostatic ability and 3D printability. A PDES/QCS-based sensorintegrating deformation and temperature sensing offers exceptionalenvironmental adaptability. Furthermore, the eutectogel can be assembledwith zinc and copper foils as a self-powered device, where the opencircuit voltage of each individual device can reach around 0.8 V.Hence, this study presents an efficient material design strategy forflexible sensing materials that integrate various functions and demandhigh environmental stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18517–18532"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149282172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polystyrene Nanodiscs via Seeded Dispersion Polymerization for Enhanced Sensitivity in Turbidimetric Immunoassays","authors":"Hayato Yokose,&nbsp;Yosuke Okamura","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c03512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c03512","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Particle shape playsa critical yet underexplored role in aggregation-basedbiosensing, particularly at the nanoscale, where quantitative detectionis required. In this study, we demonstrate a simple strategy for engineeringnonspherical polymer nanoparticles that substantially enhance thesensitivity of turbidimetric immunoassays. Polystyrene (PS) nanosphereswith diameters of a few hundred nanometers, suitable for quantitativeturbidimetric detection, were synthesized via dispersion polymerizationunder unconventional conditions. The nanospheres were subsequentlydeformed into disc-shaped nanoparticles (∼300 nm) through seededdispersion polymerization coupled with phase separation and selectiveextraction. The resultant PS nanodiscs exhibited markedly enhancedaggregation behavior upon antigen–antibody interactions, forminglarger anisotropic aggregates via face-to-face stacking than theirspherical counterparts. Consequently, the nanodiscs achieved an approximatelyfour-fold improvement in detection sensitivity, while providing awider quantitative detection range. These findings demonstrate a directlink between the shape of polymer nanoparticles and biosensing performanceand may provide a versatile platform for designing next-generationhigh-sensitivity immunoassay systems based on shape-engineered polymernanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18776–18788"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149251319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an In Vitro Diabetic Keratinocyte Wound-Relevant Model Incorporating a Mechanical Microenvironment","authors":"Ranjita R. Save,&nbsp;Kanchan S. Chitnis,&nbsp;Abhijit Majumder","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.6c02844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.6c02844","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cells in living organisms respond to chemical and mechanicalcuesfrom their microenvironment to maintain healthy function. In diabetes,these cues are disrupted, impairing signaling pathways and contributingto complications such as nonhealing skin wounds. Conventional <em>in vitro</em> models using plastic tissue culture plates (TCP)fail to replicate the mechanical interface of human skin, particularlythe altered substrate rigidity associated with diabetic skin, andtypically expose cells to supraphysiological glucose levels, limitingtheir physiological relevance. To address these gaps, we developeda diabetic-like wound-relevant model integrating polyacrylamide hydrogelsengineered to mimic skin-relevant substrate stiffness with human keratinocytesacclimatized to physiological glucose (NG) and subsequently exposedto diabetic glucose conditions (DG). This tunable cell–materialinterface enabled assessment of how substrate mechanics and glucosemilieu jointly govern keratinocyte viability, proliferation, and migration.The model’s utility was further validated using the standardantidiabetic drug metformin (MET) and the phytochemical curcumin (CUR)to evaluate therapeutic effects on diabetic cell dynamics. Beyondits application in drug evaluation, this work offers design insightsfor engineering hydrogel substrates with optimized mechanical properties,contributing to materials strategies for improving diabetic woundhealing outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"8 20","pages":"18417–18430"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149282129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}