Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita最新文献

{"title":"What is the Current Knowledge and Experience on Preventive Pathway for Healthy Ageing in Italy? A Scoping Review.","authors":"Alice Masini, Irlanda Pighini, Andrea Conti, Antonio Isabella, Niccolò Cherasco, Massimiliano Panella","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2024.2669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Worldwide population is ageing rapidly. Lifestyle factors are essential targets for leading to behaviour change interventions that promote healthy aging.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We performed a scoping review aimed to underline the current knowledge and experience on preventive interventions for healthy and active ageing in Italy. Secondly, it intended to study the manner in which this country will pursue the topic in this research area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search was conducted on different databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus on July 25th, 2023, and search results were filtered to include only articles published from 2003.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 951 potentially relevant records were retrieved. After duplicates removal, 810 unique records were screened. Finally, four studies fulfilling established criteria were included. All the studies were conducted in the northern and central regions of Italy. The investigated populations were older adults, and all four studies were focused mainly on primary prevention and health promotion strategies based on self-efficacy and motivation of the participants, including physical activity, diet and cognitive training. In addition, two studies used mobile health technologies to deliver the preventive intervention for healthy ageing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our scoping review underlines the limited knowledge and experience of preventive healthy aging interventions in the national setting. The new preventive pathway that promotes healthy ageing healthily should be based on tailored lifestyle interventions, managed by multidisciplinary teams with the use of digital tools, in order to improve older people's safety. The characteristics of the settings are still not clear.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behind closed doors: Freelance nurses and the reality of unmet care needs in Italian home care setting. Insight from a phenomenological descriptive study.","authors":"Angelo Dante, Alessia Marcotullio, Adriana Checchi, Valeria Caponnetto, Vittorio Masotta, Ilaria Paoli, Cristina Petrucci, Loreto Lancia","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2024.2668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The term 'Missed Nursing Care' (MNC) refers to any aspect of nursing care that is not delivered, partially delivered, or delayed. MNC has significant negative consequences, including adverse patient outcomes, safety risks, and decreased job satisfaction. While extensively studied in hospitals, MNC in community healthcare settings, remains under-researched, especially in Italy. This study aims to explore the phenomenon of MNC in Italian home care settings by documenting and analyzing the lived experiences of freelance nurses, focusing on the characteristics, influencing factors, and consequences of MNC as perceived by these healthcare professionals.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This is a descriptive phenomenological study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using snowball sampling, 12 Italian freelance nurses were recruited and interviewed from November 2022 to February 2023. Data collection was based on in-depth interviews, that have been transcribed and analyzed using Giorgi's phenomenological framework. The study report adhered to the COREQ-32 checklist for qualitative research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thematic analysis revealed four main themes: dimensions of MNC, organizational challenges, consequences of MNC, and family-nurse collaboration. Freelance nurses frequently addressed unmet fundamental and complex nursing needs, highlighting significant clinical, psychological, and economic impacts on patients and families. Organizational issues, such as rigid public service schedules and inadequate staffing, were identified as primary contributors to MNC. Families played a crucial role in managing care and collaborating with freelance nurses to ensure continuity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel insights into MNC in Italian home care settings, emphasizing the critical role of freelance nurses in filling care gaps. The findings suggest the need for systemic changes to improve flexibility, staffing, and integration of public and private nursing services. Further research, particularly quantitative studies, is essential to validate these findings and explore broader implications for patient care and health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Project in School Setting: Analysis of Food Choices following Actions performed by Healthcare Workers.","authors":"Giuseppina Federici, Nicole Zulian, Erica Bino, Vincenzo Marcotrigiano, Alberto Lovat, Angela Padoin, Alessandro Citiulo, Giovanni Andrea Sava, Sandro Cinquetti","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2024.2667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Schools continue to represent one of the main settings that guarantee health promotion interventions, as it has been widely demonstrated in numerous fields that diet and eating habits are shaped in the early stages of life and maintained into adulthood. Through the food education promotion project, \"Healthy Snack\", implemented by the Prevention Department of the Local Health Authority ULSS 1 Dolomiti, the interventions carried out by healthcare workers have been evaluated over time to measure their effectiveness in terms of changes in eating habits considered incorrect, with a particular focus on snacks eaten at school.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and Climate Challenges: Implications for Food Safety, Food Security and Public Health Protection.","authors":"Michele Fernando Panunzio, Maria Teresa Montagna, Rachele Maria Russo","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2024.2665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Climate change poses a significant threat to global Food safety and security, but it also offers a unique opportunity to transform food systems towards more sustainable and resilient practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migration and infectious disease risk: knowledge and perception among university students in two European countries.","authors":"Domitilla Marconi, Virginia Casigliani, Sara Mazzilli, Lara Tavoschi, Pierluigi Lopalco","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2024.2662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the past years, migration has increasingly affected the European continent. The concerns of the local population about infection spread by migrants may increase as an unjustified stigma. Our study aimed to assess the knowledge and risk perception of infectious disease associated with migration among university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January and February 2020, we conducted an online survey in Italian and Spanish University students. We collected data on demographics, perception, and knowledge of infectious diseases associated with migration. We performed descriptive and risk factors analysis to assess the association among selected variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We collected 1,397 answers, 73.16% from Italian students and 26.84% from Spanish students, 34.54% and 38.67% enrolled in healthcare degrees, respectively. We found a statistically significant correlation between the knowledge of infectious diseases and the perception of the infectious risk associated with migration, not confirmed for the area of study. Healthcare students had the best levels of knowledge and perception of the migratory phenomenon, but the higher perception of infectious risk. Exposure to the media coverage about migration was associated with the worst perception of the migratory phenomenon and infectious risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that, despite healthcare students had the best levels of knowledge, they had the highest risk perception of infectious diseases associated with migration. The inclusion of courses on migration medicine in current healthcare curricula and the increase of practical training could help to avoid the development of biased approaches towards migrants among healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus associated hospitalisations in children up to 6 years of age in Italy: a systematic review.","authors":"Angela Bechini, Cristina Salvati, Benedetta Bonito, Marco Del Riccio, Enrica Stancanelli, Mario Bruschi, Giulia Ionita, Johanna Iamarino, Davide Bentivegna, Primo Buscemi, Giulia Ciardi, Claudia Cosma, Lorenzo Stacchini, Sonia Paoli, Cristiana Conticello, Manjola Bega, Annamaria Schirripa, Lorenzo Bertizzolo, Barbara Muzii, Maria Vittoria Azzi, Salvatore Parisi, Francesca Trippi, Paolo Bonanni, Sara Boccalini","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2024.2664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus is a leading cause of respiratory hospitalisations in infants. This systematic review (registration number: CRD42021248309) aims to synthesise the available evidence on Respiratory Syncytial Virus-related hospitalisations among children aged 0 to 6 years in Italy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and International HTA, covering the period from January 2000 to July 2022, with a focus on studies that reported information on Respiratory Syncytial Virus-associated hospitalisation in children aged 0-6 years in Italy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight articles were included after screening 20,845 records. These retrospective studies reported that most hospitalisations were among those <1 year (71.5%-88.8%), infants aged <1 year were also at higher risk of hospitalisation in intensive care unit. Respiratory Syncytial Virus infections typically peaked December-February, with an atypical early start in August 2021. Subtype analysis showed alternating prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-A and Respiratory Syncytial Virus-B across different seasons. Coinfections were not uncommon (1.1%-37.4%), with rhinovirus and bocavirus being the most frequent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All infants at their first Respiratory Syncytial Virus season showed an increased risk of severe infection and hospitalisation, regardless of the gestational age at birth, compared to older participants. This systematic review will enrich the understanding about Respiratory Syncytial Virus disease and help support decisions regarding prevention efforts in Italy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Funding sources for public health research in Italy.","authors":"Riccardo Mazzoli, Maria La Torre, Vanessa E Privitera, Nadja Sändig, Tommaso Filippini, Marco Vinceti","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2024.2666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Funding sources play a critical role in shaping the landscape of scientific research, including the one in public health, as they often determine not only the feasibility of specific projects but also its broader directions.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We aimed at assessing current funding sources for public health research in Italy and related implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic PubMed search from January 2023 to June 2024, focusing on publications by 208 Italian tenured professors in hygiene and public health. We included only original articles they authored as first or last authors, excluding editorials, comments, and letters. We categorized funding sources into public internal, public external, private external, and unmentioned.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We retrieved 760 non-duplicate eligible publications. Research topics focused almost equally on communicable (48.2%) and non-communicable (51.8%) diseases. Public external funding were the most common overall (33.7%), followed by private external (14.3%) and public internal (7.5%). Notably, 58.7% of studies did not report any funding sources. Private external, regional and EU sources predominantly funded communicable disease research, while non-communicable disease research received more support from public external sources, especially governmental.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a European country such as Italy the funding landscape in public health research appears to be complex, due to the wide range of topics and intertwined roles of funding actors. Public funding are more frequent than private funding also independently of research topics, though most research activities did not require specific financial support, implying that public health research frequently has limited financial needs. This likely enables more flexibility and independence to investigators in public health, with major implications in terms of feasibility and absence of conflicts of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of a Neisseria meningitidis case: factors that guarantee the effectiveness of supporting Public Health actions.","authors":"Anna Voltolini, Vincenzo Marcotrigiano, Serena Cian, Nahuel Fiorito, Alfonsina Sollano, Ilaria Dall'O, Marica Battistin, Erica Bino, Alberto Lovat, Pamela D'Incà, Tatjana Baldovin, Vincenzo Baldo, Sandro Cinquetti","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2634","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Among invasive bacterial diseases, meningococcal meningitis is a serious and contagious disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis. The disease has a high lethality grade and could have long-term sequelae. This paper describes a case of meningitis that occurred in the territory under the jurisdiction of Local Health Authority ULSS 1 Dolomiti and the related management methods. The activities described concern rapid alerts, an epidemiological investigation, the administration of chemoprophylaxis and offering vaccinations, implemented according to the current Public Health protocol through different healthcare workers. This case report aims to support the management of possible similar cases, underlining the conditions that favoured the application of the envisaged measures, including an on-call ready availability service; the presence of population vaccination centres located in the area investigated; and a network sensitive to early warnings and collaboration within and between Local Health Authorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"703-711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Physicians' Autonomy through Practical Trainings.","authors":"Giuseppe Stirparo, Luca Gambolò, Dario Bottignole, Daniele Solla, Martino Trapani, Giuseppe Ristagno, Fabrizio Pregliasco, Carlo Signorelli","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2638","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In medical emergencies adherence to standardized clinical protocols is crucial to ensure a better outcome for patients. Newly qualified physicians may play several roles in serving the National Health Service (substituting general practitioners, on-call duty, working in emergency rooms, etc.) in Italy. In these situations, the physician may have to manage critical patients autonomously. Moreover, newly qualified physicians may show a considerable deficiency in routine medical activities. In fact, many universities do not provide a practical simulation training programme, which is why a substantial number of students only face clinical emergencies when they start working after graduation.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed by engaging medical doctors. Both experienced physicians and newly licensed physicians (graduated less than 24 months ago) were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire was distributed to each participant during SIMED's Courses from June 2021 to December 2022. The questionnaire consisted of two sections. The first one analyzed participation in standardized practical courses on medical emer-gencies (Basic Life Support, Advanced Cardiac Life Support, International Trauma Life Support and a course on Advanced Airway Management). The second section analyzed the perceived autonomy of health professionals in the management of five different work settings, using a 5-point likert scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>2,168 questionnaires were analyzed, of which 68.7% were from newly qualified doctors and 31.3% from more experienced doctors. The highest rate of physicians who undertook training courses was achieved for the basic life support course (77.5%) and the lowest rate for the advanced trauma course (15.9%). Physicians perceive themselves the highest autonomy in Primary Care setting (63.1%), while in the Emergency Department they perceive themselves with less autonomy (24.0%). In the analyzed sample, experienced physicians show a higher percentage of autonomy than newly qualified doctors (31.4% vs 8.1%) in all scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"652-659"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey on hydration and use of plastic water bottles among Italian health sector workers.","authors":"Camilla Lugli, Lucia Palandri, Simona Pedretti, Romana Bacchi, Daniela Altariva, Giulia Guerzoni, Alessia Sala, Claudia Vaccari, Tommaso Filippini, Elena Righi, Marco Vinceti, Gabriele Romani","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2639","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Modena's Local Health Authority (AUSL) is a public service with more than 5,000 employees. In its facilities, drinking water is available as tap water. However, disposable plastic bottles are also widely used, thus increasing plastic waste.</p><p><strong>Study design and methods: </strong>In the present study, we aimed to investigate employees' drinking habits through an ad hoc 10-item online questionnaire, which was administered in spring 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 584 participants (10.8% response rate), 75% of workers reported drinking less than 1.5 liters of water per day. In addition, 74% of workers brought water from home, while 62% used disposable plastic containers bought in the workplace or outside. When asked if they would appreciate a water refilling station in the workplace, whether that would induce them to consume less plastic and to drink more water, 91%, 82%, and 72% of workers said \"yes\", respectively. By installing water coolers, the estimated mean number of plastic bottles spared every day at the AUSL would be about 6,000.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data shed light on most employees' perceived need for alternative sources of drinking water, not only in order to drink more for health benefits, but also to reduce plastic usage in favor of reusable, more environmentally friendly materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"695-702"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}