Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the depths: correlates of depression among seafarers in Mumbai, India.","authors":"Anusooya Krishnan, Kumar Sumit, Varalakshmi Chandra Sekaran","doi":"10.7416/ai.2025.2690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2025.2690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Seafarers experience unique challenges related to their profession, including risks for mental health. The present study explored the correlates of depression among seafarers in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following ethics clearance, this cross-sectional study was conducted at an international shipping company in Mumbai, India. Using time-bound convenience sampling, 105 multi-state seafarers were recruited following verbal consent. The Beck Depression Inventory and Work-Related Quality of Life scale were used to screen for the study outcomes. Data analysis was performed using Jamovi 2.0. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used to assess associations, and logistic regression was performed to identify correlates of depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 105 seafarers, the majority (98.1%) were male, most were married (80%), and were aged between 18-35 years (56.2%). About 42.9% had an income of INR 3 lakh (≈$3604) and above monthly. An overwhelming majority had mild mood disturbances, which was found among 90.5% and 8.6% reported depression. Seafarers who engaged in regular physical activity and had higher monthly incomes had higher Work-Related Quality of Life. A significant association was found between depression and isolation (p=0.031) as well as with Work-Related Quality of Life (p=0.012). On logistic regression, we found that the number of hours of work per day, experiencing isolation and Work-Related Quality of Life, significantly predicted depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The existing burden and treatment gap for mental health morbidity among seafarers needs to be addressed. To address early indications of mental health conditions among seafarers, implementing mental health screening and offering counseling services on board may be the way forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and perception of modern learning approaches in Continuing Medical Education: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Camilla Lugli, Floriana Murani, Claudia Bellini, Ughetta Maria Favazzi, Alfonso Mazzaccara, Marco Vinceti, Tommaso Filippini","doi":"10.7416/ai.2025.2693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2025.2693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuing Medical Education (CME) is essential for enhancing professional performance. Modern CME approaches should prioritize adaptability and engagement through interactive and experiential learning, fostering better knowledge retention, skill application, and innovation to meet evolving healthcare challenges. This study aims to assess knowledge and perceptions of perceived role of engagement and active learning techniques in CME in the Italian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a pilot study with cross-sectional design among graduate and post-graduate students from the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in 2023, by administering a 17-item questionnaire about knowledge, and perceptions of CME.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 43 participants (median age 25, 72% females). Role of CME was recognized by 72.1%, and 53.5% were aware of its benefits. Likert responses showed high perceived importance of CME and engagement (mean scores 3.79 and 4.40). Active approaches like simulation (68.3%) and role-playing (65.9%) were familiar, but gamification (36.6%) was far less known.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While methods like simulation, role-playing, case-based learning, and problem-based learning were familiar to study participants for their strong evidence of effectiveness, emerging approaches such as gamification and team-based learning were less known. Such approaches require further implementation in educational programs to show their benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firearm ownership and suicide: Has the time come to discuss uniformity of health and social assessments in aid of regulation? Reflection from a retrospective study on a forensic case series.","authors":"Alberto Blandino, Nicola Galante, Fabio Cuppone, Maddalena Giriodi, Guido Vittorio Travaini","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2648","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Firearm-related deaths are an issue of ongoing public interest, from a health and economic perspective. Worldwide, firearm prevalence in suicides varies widely, depending on multiple factors including the availability of weapons in each country. Although several studies have shown that national laws about gun ownership, reducing legal access to guns, decrease the risk of suicide by firearm, the current situation clashes with widely differing legislations.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective study on a forensic case series.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Autopsy reports assessed at the Section of Legal Medicine of Milan (Italy) from January 2014 to December 2023 were retrospectively documented. Only firearm suicides were considered. For each case, a close analysis of the criminal offence reports has been performed to obtain information about the gender and age of the victim, as well as the legal possession of firearms, psychiatric disorders, alcohol, and illicit drug abuse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all the 1,164 suicides assessed at the Section of Legal Medicine of Milan over a 10-year-period, 101 cases (8.7%) were firearm-related. The male to female ratio was therefore about 13:1. No seasonal trends were observed. Most of the individuals owned the firearm license. Of the entire dataset, 35.6% suffered from psychiatric disorders, 4% of alcohol abuse and 2% of drug addiction. Among the owners of a firearm license, 42.3% had psychiatric disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Knowledge about firearm suicide and its relation to firearm legal possession is limited and current preventive laws should be reconsidered. Present administrative and clinical examinations required to obtain a firearm license in Italy and in some European territories are dealt with. The evaluation of the firearm-related risk of abuse is an essential but complex procedure, which requires not only clinic-anamnestic data but also in-deep psychiatric information. There is a need to develop and reinvigorate a debate that currently presents very heterogeneous solutions, but which would probably benefit from a common vision of the prevention strategies that can be implemented and enacted for the benefit of the entire community.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migration and infectious disease risk: knowledge and perception among university students in two European countries.","authors":"Domitilla Marconi, Virginia Casigliani, Sara Mazzilli, Lara Tavoschi, Pier Luigi Lopalco","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2662","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the past years, migration has increasingly affected the European continent. The concerns of the local population about infection spread by migrants may increase as an unjustified stigma. Our study aimed to assess the knowledge and risk perception of infectious disease associated with migration among university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January and February 2020, we conducted an online survey in Italian and Spanish University students. We collected data on demographics, perception, and knowledge of infectious diseases associated with migration. We performed descriptive and risk factors analysis to assess the association among selected variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We collected 1,397 answers, 73.16% from Italian students and 26.84% from Spanish students, 34.54% and 38.67% enrolled in healthcare degrees, respectively. We found a statistically significant correlation between the knowledge of infectious diseases and the perception of the infectious risk associated with migration, not confirmed for the area of study. Healthcare students had the best levels of knowledge and perception of the migratory phenomenon, but the higher perception of infectious risk. Exposure to the media coverage about migration was associated with the worst perception of the migratory phenomenon and infectious risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that, despite healthcare students had the best levels of knowledge, they had the highest risk perception of infectious diseases associated with migration. The inclusion of courses on migration medicine in current healthcare curricula and the increase of practical training could help to avoid the development of biased approaches towards migrants among healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"189-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccinations at home: a new strategy to contain vaccine hesitancy? The experience of ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Italy.","authors":"Marina Tesorone, Carla Ungaro, Luisa Graziano, Anna Vitagliano, Ida Luminoso, Maria Corvino, Marco Papa, Ciro Verdoliva","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2651","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Vaccination coverage are generally geographically variable, even within large cities; furthermore, across target population are embedded difficult-to-reach clusters. To address this issue and improve coverage of mandatory vaccinations, a study group explored bringing vaccination at home as an interventional strategy. In a pilot experience, parents of unvaccinated and under vaccinated children of the 2020 birth cohort living in Naples, Italy were contacted by telephone to offer home administration of vaccinations. A specifically trained team arranged vaccinations visits at home. Coverage rates were evaluated at baseline and one month after the intervention strategy. A significant positive increase in hexavalent vaccine (+1.43%) and measles-mumps-rubella (+1.85%) coverage was registered despite the short duration of the pilot program. Home vaccination turned out to be a medical resource consuming but feasible and successful strategy to increase mandatory vaccinations coverage among the most difficult-to-reach and fragile segments of the pediatric population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"235-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best practices for disinfection in dental settings: insights from Italian and European regulations.","authors":"Francesco Triggiano, Enrico Veschetti, Federica Veneri, Maria Teresa Montagna, Osvalda De Giglio","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2670","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Disinfection practices in dental settings are fundamental to clinical safety, playing a pivotal role in preventing cross-infections and protecting the health of patients and healthcare professionals. This article examines the key components of effective disinfection, based on evidence-based protocols developed by international organizations such as the WHO and the U.S. CDC, alongside European and Italian regulatory standards. Dental instruments require stringent sterilization by autoclave or chemical methods, while high-level disinfection is essential for non-sterilizable items. Clinical surfaces require routine biocidal treatment tailored to microbial hazards and material compatibility. The European Biocidal Products Regulation and the Medical Devices Regulation provide critical oversight, ensuring product safety and effectiveness while preventing resistance. Antiseptics also play a vital role in oral care, with applications ranging from infection prevention to the treatment of periodontal disease, and are governed by strict regulatory frameworks. Disinfection effectiveness is significantly affected by factors such as microbial load, presence of biofilm, pH, temperature and biocide exposure time. Preventing bacterial resistance requires appropriate germicide selection, adherence to manufacturer protocols, robust sterilization and cleaning procedures. In addition, the increased use of disinfection during public health emergencies highlights the need for adaptability to mitigate evolving risks. Regular audits, biological tests, and training for healthcare personnel ensure the consistent application of these rigorous protocols. By integrating international and national standards, dental facilities achieve a uniform approach to hygiene and safety, advancing public trust and compliance. This article highlights the imperative for ongoing research and dissemination of best practices to enhance infection control in dental care environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"292-301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus associated hospitalisations in children up to 6 years of age in Italy: a systematic review.","authors":"Angela Bechini, Cristina Salvati, Benedetta Bonito, Marco Del Riccio, Enrica Stancanelli, Mario Bruschi, Giulia Ionita, Johanna Iamarino, Davide Bentivegna, Primo Buscemi, Giulia Ciardi, Claudia Cosma, Lorenzo Stacchini, Sonia Paoli, Cristiana Conticello, Manjola Bega, Annamaria Schirripa, Lorenzo Bertizzolo, Barbara Muzii, Maria Vittoria Azzi, Salvatore Parisi, Francesca Trippi, Paolo Bonanni, Sara Boccalini","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2664","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus is a leading cause of respiratory hospitalisations in infants. This systematic review (registration number: CRD42021248309) aims to synthesise the available evidence on Respiratory Syncytial Virus-related hospitalisations among children aged 0 to 6 years in Italy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and International HTA, covering the period from January 2000 to July 2022, with a focus on studies that reported information on Respiratory Syncytial Virus-associated hospitalisation in children aged 0-6 years in Italy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight articles were included after screening 20,845 records. These retrospective studies reported that most hospitalisations were among those <1 year (71.5%-88.8%), infants aged <1 year were also at higher risk of hospitalisation in intensive care unit. Respiratory Syncytial Virus infections typically peaked December-February, with an atypical early start in August 2021. Subtype analysis showed alternating prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-A and Respiratory Syncytial Virus-B across different seasons. Coinfections were not uncommon (1.1%-37.4%), with rhinovirus and bocavirus being the most frequent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All infants at their first Respiratory Syncytial Virus season showed an increased risk of severe infection and hospitalisation, regardless of the gestational age at birth, compared to older participants. This systematic review will enrich the understanding about Respiratory Syncytial Virus disease and help support decisions regarding prevention efforts in Italy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"241-254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary embolism: incidence and outcomes in a twelve-year historical series, in Tuscany - Italy (2010-2021).","authors":"Gabriele Cerini, Carla Lunetta, Claudia Szasz, Leonardo Misuraca, Fabrizio Gemmi, Marisa Carluccio, Chiara Lorini, Guglielmo Bonaccorsi, Silvia Forni","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2649","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary embolism poses a global health concern. Administrative databases serve as valuable sources for broad epidemiological studies on the prevalence and incidence of major diagnoses or diseases. The primary scope is to provide up-to-date insights into Pulmonary Embolism incidence trends, examining shifts in management and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This retrospective observational study examines a 12-year dataset from hospitals in the Tuscany Region, covering the first two years of the Covid-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Administrative data from residents aged 18 and older discharged from hospital between 2010 and 2021 were used for the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hospitalized pulmonary embolism incidence slightly declined from 2010 to 2019 (64.7 to 60.9 x 100,000; p=0.152). Males under 75 showed a higher incidence rate, while females had higher incidence rates in older age groups. In-hospital and 30-day mortality decreased from 2010 to 2019 (p=0.001 and 0.020 respectively). In 2020, 30-day mortality increased (12.4% vs 10.1%, p=0.029), while in-hospital mortality remained stable. One-year mortality was stable from 2010-2019 but increased in 2020 (32.6% vs 29.4%, p=0.037). Considering the multivariable model, one-year mortality is significantly associated with sex, age, and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study shows that Pulmonary Embolism persists as a relevant burden in Tuscany region, but with improvements in management over the past decade and a decisive change in pharmacological treatment. Gender-related differences emerge, highlighting the need for a gender-specific healthcare approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"281-291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and Climate Challenges: Implications for Food Safety, Food Security, and Public Health Protection.","authors":"Michele Fernando Panunzio, Maria Teresa Montagna, Rachele Maria Russo","doi":"10.7416/ai.2024.2665","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2024.2665","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":"302-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle Interventions in Weight Loss Programs for Community-Based Patients with Severe Mental Disorders: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Giulia Picardo, Clara Donnoli, Giuseppe Liotta","doi":"10.7416/ai.2025.2689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7416/ai.2025.2689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with psychiatric disorders face exacerbated physical health issues and reduced life expectancy, primarily due to premature cardiovascular diseases. The intricate relationship between lifestyle factors, illness, and psychotropic medications contributes to this phenomenon. The focus of this research is to evaluate weight management interventions for individuals with Severe Mental Disorders through a comprehensive scoping review, investigating the characteristics, types, modalities and topics of interventions to provide a useful tool for professionals who want to promote lifestyle interventions for people with Severe Mental Disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible articles were peer-reviewed studies that reported an intervention targeted to patients with Severe Mental Disorders and aimed at promoting health through nonpharmacological interventions (including but not limited to nutritional education, physical activity and exercise interventions).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 studies with a total of 3,886 participants were evaluated.The studies included patients with a weighted mean age of 44.37 (SD=4.72) and a mean Body Mass Index of 34.7 kg/m2 (SD=3.56). Varied interventions, mostly conducted in the US, showed promising weight reduction and cardiovascular risk management results among patients with psychiatric disorders. However, disparate methods used in the studies hindered the evaluation of outcomes. The studies, which yielded the most interesting results, included parallel cluster randomized controlled trials, which showed improvements in HDL cholesterol and metabolic indicators, (HR 0.085; 95% CI:0.007-0.16) using IMPACT therapy, and a pragmatic randomized controlled trial which reported that with the InShape intervention 51% of participants achieved clinically significant reduction in overall cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Such a synthesis of findings provides valuable insights for future research, emphasizing the need for standardized outcome measures and more extended, comprehensive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143405483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}