IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics最新文献_第3页

Estimation of spatial distortion as a function of geometric parameters of perspective 作为透视几何参数函数的空间畸变估计

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.400510

C. Rosenberg, W. Barfield

{"title":"Estimation of spatial distortion as a function of geometric parameters of perspective","authors":"C. Rosenberg, W. Barfield","doi":"10.1109/21.400510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.400510","url":null,"abstract":"As part of a study on the relationship between geometric parameters of perspective and judgments of spatial information, 15 subjects estimated the degree of spatial distortion within a computer-generated perspective display. The experiment task was to estimate \"skewness,\" the projected angle (in screen spate coordinates) between two parallel vertical computer-generated droplines (in world space coordinates) which varied as a function of the radial distance, station point distance, and the geometric field of view. These variables will influence the perceived size, depth, and height of objects displayed in the scene. Thus, estimating skewness as a function of display parameters is a relevant task for display design because it enables an intermediate variable (skewness) to be measured that will subsequently influence estimates of azimuth, elevation, size, and perceived depth within a perspective scene. In order to compare the subject's estimate of skewness with the actual on-screen distortion produced by the geometric parameters of perspective, a mathematical procedure for calculating the actual projected skewness angle was developed. The difference between the subject's estimated skewness and the actual on-screen skewness angle was analyzed as the response variable. The results indicated that both the station point and radial distance were significant factors in determining the accuracy with which subjects estimated the distortion in the perspective scene. However, there was no significant relationship between the geometric field of view used to design the perspective display and the subject's ability to judge the skewness angle in the perspective projection. The implications of the results for the design of spatial instruments and for performance of spatial tasks using perspective displays is discussed. >","PeriodicalId":79994,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics","volume":"25 1","pages":"1323-1333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84385357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Stream Option Manager (SOM): automated integration of aircraft separation, merging, stream management, and other air traffic control functions 流选项管理器(SOM):自动集成飞机分离、合并、流管理和其他空中交通管制功能

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.400505

W. Niedringhaus

{"title":"Stream Option Manager (SOM): automated integration of aircraft separation, merging, stream management, and other air traffic control functions","authors":"W. Niedringhaus","doi":"10.1109/21.400505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.400505","url":null,"abstract":"Stream Option Manager (SOM) is a proposed concept for automated integration of aircraft separation, merging and stream management, using linear programming techniques. It was developed as part of a research and development initiative for air traffic control (ATC) automation concepts, sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and performed by MITRE Corporation. SOM is research; it has not been approved by the FAA for use in future ATC. SOM's purpose is to resolve possible problems involving multiple aircraft with given flight paths. Each aircraft must be separated by a minimum distance from every other aircraft at all times, and certain sets of aircraft (e.g., those about to land at a particular airport) must be merged or metered (lined up, or separated in trail by a given distance). Aircraft in sets called streams must be separated in the along-route direction at all times. Each aircraft is also subject to certain speed limits. Given the pilot-preferred flight paths, and separation, metering, stream, and speed requirements, SOM finds modified flight paths for each aircraft that satisfy all the requirements yet stay as close as possible to the pilot-preferred paths. SOM's algorithm represents the (x, y, z) positions of each aircraft at future times as variables in a linear program. The requirements are expressed or approximated by linear inequalities or equalities. Pilot preferences are approximated by a linear objective function. The SOM algorithm has been implemented successfully in a prototype simulation in 2D. Scenarios with up to 15 aircraft and 24 separation and/or merging problems have been resolved. >","PeriodicalId":79994,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics","volume":"263 1","pages":"1269-1280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81712213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57

A neural network approach to photometric stereo inversion of real-world reflectance maps for extracting 3-D shapes of objects 一种用于提取物体三维形状的真实世界反射率图的光度立体反演的神经网络方法

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.400507

K. Rajaram, P. Guturu, M. Faruqi

{"title":"A neural network approach to photometric stereo inversion of real-world reflectance maps for extracting 3-D shapes of objects","authors":"K. Rajaram, P. Guturu, M. Faruqi","doi":"10.1109/21.400507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.400507","url":null,"abstract":"Presents a neural network approach to the problem of photometric stereo inversion of the reflectance maps of real-world objects for the purpose of estimating the 3-D attitudes of the surface patches of objects. As in the photometric stereo approach, here also the observation that there is a one-to-one mapping between the n-tuples of the photometric stereo image intensities and the orientations of the surface normals is valid. A multilayered feedforward neural network with backpropagation training algorithm is used as dimensionality reducer to effectively encode this mapping by associating the two components of surface normals to the observed intensities from three photometric stereo images of the underlying surface patches. The training patterns are sampled from the images of a Gaussian sphere of average reflectance containing both diffuse and specular components. The neural network thus trained has been tested on images of real-world objects with different shapes and reflectance properties. Using the surface normals estimated by the neural network, 3-D shapes of the objects have been reconstructed to a good approximation. >","PeriodicalId":79994,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics","volume":"40 1","pages":"1289-1300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73844263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Dependency analysis in constraint negotiation 约束协商中的依赖分析

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.400508

A. Kusiak, Juite Wang

引用次数: 87

Optimum multisensor data fusion for image change detection 图像变化检测的最佳多传感器数据融合

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.414528

Ze-Sun Jain, Y. Chau

引用次数: 24

A graphical method for solving a decision analysis problem 解决决策分析问题的图形方法

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.398680

C. Goutis

引用次数: 13

On consistent symbolic representations of general dynamic systems 一般动态系统的一致符号表示

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.398684

M. Kokar

{"title":"On consistent symbolic representations of general dynamic systems","authors":"M. Kokar","doi":"10.1109/21.398684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.398684","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the issue of consistent symbolic (qualitative) representation of continuous dynamic systems. Consistency means here that the results of reasoning with the qualitative representation hold in the underlying (quantitative) dynamic system. In the formalization proposed in this paper, the quantitative structure is represented using the notion of a general dynamic system (GDS). The qualitative counterpart (QDS), is represented by a finite-state automaton structure. The two representational substructures are related through functions, called qualitative abstractions of dynamic systems. Qualitative abstractions associate inputs, states and outputs of the QDS, with partitions of appropriate GDS spaces. The paper shows how to establish such consistent partitions, given a partitioning of the system's output. To represent borders of these partitions, the notion of critical hypersurfaces is introduced. One of the main ideas that provides consistency is the interpretation of qualitative input events as elements of the partition of the Cartesian product of input, initial state and time sets. An example of a consistent qualitative/quantitative representation of a simple dynamic system, and of reasoning using such a representation, is provided. >","PeriodicalId":79994,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics","volume":"64 1","pages":"1231-1242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78079685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Evidential reasoning approach to multisource-data classification in remote sensing 遥感多源数据分类的证据推理方法

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.398687

Hakil Kim, P. Swain

引用次数: 49

The optimal camera geometry and performance analysis of a trinocular vision system 三视视觉系统的最佳相机几何形状及性能分析

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.398682

R. Chiou, Chin-hsing Chen, K. Hung, Jau-Yien Lee

{"title":"The optimal camera geometry and performance analysis of a trinocular vision system","authors":"R. Chiou, Chin-hsing Chen, K. Hung, Jau-Yien Lee","doi":"10.1109/21.398682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.398682","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the projection location constraint is exploited to reduce ambiguous correspondences in trinocular systems. The inherent matching problems associated with the spurious features produced by overlapping among targets, the periodic structure of objects and the occlusion features were solved. The projection location constraint can be achieved by the deviation-to-distance transformation and the optimal epipolar constraint. The deviation-to-distance transformation transforms the location deviation of the extracted feature on an image plane to a maximum distance between the potential corresponding features and the epipolar line on another image for restricting the searching area of correspondences. The optimal epipolar constraint is obtained by adjusting the camera model before systems start to work. With the deviation-to-distance transformation and the optimal epipolar constraint, the arbitral area for searching the potential corresponding features can be made reasonably small. This not only saves computational time but also results in fewer ambiguous correspondences. In practice, the importance of the paper is that it proposes a very easy adjustment of camera geometry to simplify the most troublesome matching problem encountered in stereo systems. All the discussions and derivations are based on the geometry of the camera model and the mapping between the locations of the 3D features and their projection locations on the image planes. The non-ambiguity probability of the trinocular system is derived theoretically and verified by experimental results. >","PeriodicalId":79994,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics","volume":"101 1","pages":"1207-1220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89495460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Scheduling for IC sort and test with preemptiveness via Lagrangian relaxation 基于拉格朗日松弛的集成电路排序调度与先行测试

IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics Pub Date : 1995-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/21.398686

Tsung-Rian Chen, T. Chang, Cheng-Wu Chen, J. Kao

引用次数: 43