Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)最新文献

{"title":"Issues and barriers related to the provision of pharmaceutical care in community health centers and migrant health centers.","authors":"Carolyn M Brown, Jamie C Barner, Marvin D Shepherd","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"43 1","pages":"75-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22245536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Paper on Pharmacy Technicians (2002): Needed Changes Can No Longer Wait","authors":"","doi":"10.1331/10865800360467123","DOIUrl":"10.1331/10865800360467123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The following organizations have endorsed this document: Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, American College of Apothecaries, American College of Clinical Pharmacy, American Council on Pharmaceutical Education, American Pharmaceutical Association, American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties, Commission for Certification in Geriatric Pharmacy, Pharmacy Technician Certification Board, and Pharmacy Technician Educators Council</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"43 1","pages":"Pages 93-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1331/10865800360467123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31657558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing Meningococcal Outbreaks: An Opportunity for Pharmacists","authors":"Jonathan G. Marquess PharmD, CDM (president)","doi":"10.1331/10865800360467150","DOIUrl":"10.1331/10865800360467150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"43 1","pages":"Pages 114-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1331/10865800360467150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31657561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Health Observances to Promote Wellness in Community Pharmacies","authors":"Lynne Marie Ciardulli PharmD (assistant professor),&nbsp;Jean-Venable R. Goode PharmD, BCPS (associate professor)","doi":"10.1331/10865800360467060","DOIUrl":"10.1331/10865800360467060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives:</h3><p>To provide pharmacists in community practice a framework for using national health observances as opportunities to promote patients' health through education and screenings, to discuss obstacles pharmacists may encounter when developing services within their pharmacies, and to outline examples of activities pharmacists can perform for specific health observances.</p></div><div><h3>Data Sources:</h3><p>Articles published between January 1970 and April 2002 were identified through MEDLINE using the search terms<!--> <em>wellness, disease prevention, health promotion, Healthy People 2010, treatment of high cholesterol, treatment of high blood pressure,</em> <!-->and<!--> <em>levels of participation<strong>.</strong></em> <!-->Additional articles were identified from Web sites and reports from the federal Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (ODPHP), American Heart Association, American Diabetes Association, National Osteoporosis Foundation, National Cancer Institute, American Cancer Society, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Consumer Product Safety Commission, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.</p></div><div><h3>Data Synthesis:</h3><p>Healthy People 2010 is a federal program with the goal of increasing the quality and years of healthy life and eliminating health disparities among populations. ODPHP publishes a list of national health observances each year. Community pharmacists can use these month- and week-long observances as opportunities to work toward achieving Healthy People 2010 goals by advocating, facilitating, and/or providing education and screenings to their patients. This article presents advice for pharmacists who want to develop pharmacy-based health promotion activities at various levels of resources and commitment. Specific suggestions include tips on preparing for and implementing education and screening programs and overcoming potential obstacles.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><p>As the most accessible health care professionals, pharmacists are in a unique position to help the nation achieve the goals of Healthy People 2010 through their involvement in the promotion of wellness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"43 1","pages":"Pages 61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1331/10865800360467060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31657641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacist Ambivalence About Sale of Syringes to Injection Drug Users","authors":"Wendy Reich PhD,&nbsp;Wilson M. Compton MD,MPE (director),&nbsp;Joe C. Horton MSW (research associate),&nbsp;Linda B. Cottler PhD,MPE (professor),&nbsp;Renee M. Cunningham-Williams PhD,MPE (research assistant professor),&nbsp;Robert Booth PhD (professor),&nbsp;Merrill Singer PhD (associate director and chief of research),&nbsp;Carl Leukefeld DSW (professor),&nbsp;Joseph Fink BSPharm,JD (vice president of research),&nbsp;Tom Stopka MHS (project director),&nbsp;Karen Fortuin Corsi MPH (project director),&nbsp;Michelle Staton Tindall MSW (project director)","doi":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S52.Reich","DOIUrl":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S52.Reich","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To examine pharmacists’ attitudes and practices surrounding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention among injection drug users.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Focus groups.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Urban and rural sites in Colorado, Connecticut, Kentucky, and Missouri.</p></div><div><h3>Patients or Other Participants:</h3><p>Eight focus groups, with 4 to 11 pharmacists participating in each group.</p></div><div><h3>Interventions</h3><p>Transcripts of focus group discussions were evaluated for common themes by the authors and through the use of NUD*IST.</p></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><p>Willingness to sell syringes to all customers, views on syringe exchange programs (SEPs), knowledge of laws governing syringe sales and racial, ethnic, or gender biases in syringe selling practices.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Two pharmacists established their own policies of selling syringes to everyone, and three expressed a willingness to have their pharmacies serve as SEPs. A total of 20% of the pharmacists expressed an interest in learning more about the efficacy of SEPs and distribution of syringes by pharmacists, and were willing to change their views based on this information. Many also indicated a general willingness to work with SEPs or to participate in the effort to curb the spread of HIV. However, a majority of pharmacists opposed having SEPs in their pharmacies and reported selling syringes only within specific limits: to known diabetics, to individuals who looked reasonable, or to individuals who presented a logical explanation. No racial, ethnic, or gender bias was observed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Opinions among pharmacists varied across and within sites. While a majority of pharmacists would not establish SEPs in their own pharmacies, nearly all would participate in other HIV-prevention programs. Educational programs for pharmacists may be valuable in HIV-prevention efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"42 6","pages":"Pages S52-S57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S52.Reich","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22161216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited Access to Syringes for Injection Drug Users in Pharmacies in Denver, Colorado","authors":"Stephen K. Koester PhD (associate professor),&nbsp;Trevor W. Bush BA (medical student),&nbsp;Beth A. Lewis MA (staff research associate in epidemiology)","doi":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S88.Koester","DOIUrl":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S88.Koester","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the availability of syringes for injection drug users (IDUs) from pharmacies in Denver.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Single-group, uncontrolled, noncomparative study.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Denver, Colorado.</p></div><div><h3>Patients or Other Participants</h3><p>23 randomly selected pharmacies in the Denver metropolitan area and 3 additional pharmacies located near drug-buying locations.</p></div><div><h3>Intervention</h3><p>Attempt by eight trained IDU “research assistants” to purchase packages of 10 U-100 insulin syringes without a prescription from pharmacies.</p></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><p>Successful purchase of syringes; reasons for refusal.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 26 pharmacies, 4 reported not stocking syringes, 3 did not sell syringes to any research assistants, 10 sold to some research assistants but not to others, and 9 sold to all research assistants. Of 206 purchase attempts, 54% were successful. In 37.9% of 95 refusals, the pharmacist reported that syringes were not sold at the store, and in 28.4% the pharmacist refused to sell because the research assistant did not produce diabetic identification or answer insulin-related questions. No differences in pharmacy response were found with respect to the racial or ethnic characteristics of the research assistant. Price varied substantially within and among stores. No pharmacies that sold syringes to research assistants were open 24 hours per day.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While IDUs who live near a pharmacy that regularly sells syringes and IDUs with a convincing diabetes story may have adequate access to syringes, others face inconsistent availability. Price fluctuations and limited hours of those pharmacies that sell syringes may be additional barriers to access to sterile syringes for IDUs in Denver.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"42 6","pages":"Pages S88-S91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S88.Koester","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22161220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximizing the Benefits of Expanded Syringe Access and Safe Disposal for Persons with Diabetes","authors":"Susan J. Klein MS (director),&nbsp;Maureen S. Spence MS,RD (coordinator),&nbsp;Rita A. Fahr MPH,RPh (director),&nbsp;Hope A. Plavin MPA","doi":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S29.Klein","DOIUrl":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S29.Klein","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"42 6","pages":"Pages S29-S31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S29.Klein","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22161308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacy Syringe Sale Practices During the First Year of Expanded Syringe Availability in New York City (2001–2002)","authors":"Ruth Finkelstein ScD (director),&nbsp;Rebecca Tiger MS (research associate),&nbsp;Robert Greenwald JD (attorney and senior clinical instructor),&nbsp;Rajat Mukherjee MSc (statistician)","doi":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S83.Finkelstein","DOIUrl":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S83.Finkelstein","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the role that customer characteristics, including race, age, and gender and pharmacy characteristics, including type and location, play on actual syringe-selling practice by pharmacies registered to sell syringes under the New York State Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program (ESAP).</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>89 syringe-purchasing visits were made in randomly selected ESAP registered pharmacies, stratified by chain and independent status.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Visits were conducted in 14 New York City neighborhoods. Three neighborhoods (two with high need for human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] prevention services and one with low need) were selected in each of New York City’s five boroughs (except Staten Island, where only two neighborhoods were visited, as only one exists with high need for HIV prevention services).</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>Visits were conducted by syringe-purchasing testers with different demographic characteristics, including age (≤ 25 and &gt; 25), race/ethnicity (white, black, Latino), and gender (men, women).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Testers were able to purchase syringes in 69% of visits. Tester race, age, and gender did not significantly affect sales of syringe-selling practices. Location of pharmacy was statistically significant, with only 33% of the registered pharmacies selling syringes in the Bronx, but 67% to 89% selling in other four boroughs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>ESAP has been widely implemented among registered pharmacies in four of New York City’s five boroughs. The program’s effectiveness could be enhanced through pharmacy-based efforts focused broadly on the ESAP goal of preventing the transmission of HIV and other blood-borne infections among injection drug users.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"42 6","pages":"Pages S83-S87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S83.Finkelstein","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22162317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needle Sightings and On-the-Job Needle-Stick Injuries Among New York City Department of Sanitation Workers","authors":"Steven Lawitts (deputy commissioner)","doi":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S92.Lawitts","DOIUrl":"10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S92.Lawitts","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"42 6","pages":"Pages S92-S93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1331/1086-5802.42.0.S92.Lawitts","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22162318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Job satisfaction top students' priority list.","authors":"John C Kirtley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)","volume":"42 6","pages":"823-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22155208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}