Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)最新文献_第6页

Agrammatism in aphasiology. 失语症中的语法问题。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

H Goodglass

引用次数: 0

Epidemiologic questions on mood disorders in old age. 老年心境障碍的流行病学问题。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

J Snowdon

引用次数: 0

Primary progressive aphasia. 原发性进行性失语症。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

A Kertesz, D G Munoz

引用次数: 0

MRA of intracranial aneurysms. 颅内动脉瘤的MRA。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

A Zamani

{"title":"MRA of intracranial aneurysms.","authors":"A Zamani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Most intracranial aneurysms are located in the circle of Willis. They occur in 5-6% of the general population. Patients with intracranial aneurysm either present catastrophically with rupture of the aneurysm have aneurysms that are incidentally discovered. Prognosis is drastically different in each case, with a greater than 50% incidence of death if there is a rupture of the aneurysm. On the other hand, the surgical or endovascular mortality following treatment of an unruptured aneurysm is minimal, with good patient neurological outcome. In the appropriate clinical setting, it is important to find a screening study that can detect a cerebral aneurysm so that definitive cerebral angiography can be performed. The combination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) can detect an aneurysm in 60-85% of cases. This screening test adds a few minutes of scanning time to the average MR examination. Magnetic resonance angiography techniques continue to improve with better gradients, enhanced sequences to detect flow and reduce flow-related artifacts, shorter echo times with possible use of echo-planar (short scanning time) techniques, and improved imaging matrix, and they may, in conjunction with computed tomographic angiography (CTA), become a reliable non-invasive technique for detection of intracranial aneurysm.","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 3","pages":"123-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20132074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MRA of vascular malformations. 血管畸形的磁共振成像。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

E E Angtuaco, C J Moran

引用次数: 0

Direct measurement of free radicals in ischemic/reperfused diabetic rat retina. 缺血/再灌注糖尿病大鼠视网膜自由基的直接测定。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

M E Szabo, M T Droy-Lefaix, M Doly

{"title":"Direct measurement of free radicals in ischemic/reperfused diabetic rat retina.","authors":"M E Szabo, M T Droy-Lefaix, M Doly","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to directly measure free radical generation in ischemic/reperfused diabetic rat retina. Tissue was frozen at 77 degrees K after 90 min ischemia, and 90 min ischemia followed by 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, and 24 hours reperfusion, respectively. After 90 min of ischemia followed by 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, and 24 hours of reperfusion (n = 10 in each group), free radical signal intensity was increased from its diabetic nonischemic control value of 12 +/- 3 arbitrary units to 58 +/- 6 (P < 0.05), 62 +/- 7 (P < 0.05), 32 +/- 5 (P < 0.05), and 14 +/- 4 arbitrary units, respectively. The peak intensity of free radical production was observed after 90 min ischemia followed by 3 min of reperfusion; therefore, this time point was selected to study the retinal free radical production in superoxide dismutase (conjugated with polyethylene glycol, PEG-SOD) and EGb 761 (Ginkgo biloba extract)-treated groups. With 7,500, 15,000, and 30,000 U/liter of SOD, and 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg of EGb 761, a dose-dependent reduction in oxygen free radical production was detected, respectively, which may be responsible for the attenuation of abnormal postischemic function in ischemic and reperfused diabetic retina.","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"240-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20233341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuropathology of diabetic neuropathy and its correlations with neurophysiology. 糖尿病神经病变的神经病理学及其与神经生理学的关系。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

A A Sima, P V Cherian

{"title":"Neuropathology of diabetic neuropathy and its correlations with neurophysiology.","authors":"A A Sima, P V Cherian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Although the detailed pathogenesis of diabetic polyneuropathy is not known, several mechanisms appear to be involved and may occur sequentially. Hence, the early and much researched activation of the polyol-pathway appears to secondarily affect nonenzymatic glycation, perturbation of vasoactive substances, the immune system and neurotrophism. These metabolic abnormalities may be differentially expressed in the neuropathy occurring in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) diabetes. This notion is supported by differences in the structural abnormalities of the neuropathies in the two types of diabetes. Distinct and characteristic nodal changes occur in IDDM but not in NIDDM neuropathy, which also shows a milder axonal atrophy. On the other hand, nerve fiber loss which characterizes diabetic neuropathy tends to be focal in the older NIDDM patients, suggesting a more prominent vascular genesis. A further characteristic feature of diabetic neuropathy is blunted fiber regeneration, which probably is consequent to impairments of the necessary immune response and local synthesis of neurotrophic factors. Nerve biopsies from diabetic patients, although not necessary for diagnosis, provide valuable tissue for biochemical and molecular analysis of underlying mechanisms, the detailed elucidation of which will facilitate the design of targeted therapies.","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 6","pages":"359-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20289779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetic resonance angiography in trauma. 创伤中的磁共振血管造影。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

C A James

引用次数: 0

Excitatory mechanisms in retinal ganglion cell death in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). 原发性开角型青光眼视网膜神经节细胞死亡的兴奋机制。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

E B Dreyer, C L Grosskreutz

引用次数: 0

Hidden visual loss in optic neuropathy is revealed using Gabor patch contrast perimetry. 使用Gabor贴片对比透视术发现视神经病变的隐性视力丧失。

Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01

I Bodis-Wollner, J R Brannan

{"title":"Hidden visual loss in optic neuropathy is revealed using Gabor patch contrast perimetry.","authors":"I Bodis-Wollner, J R Brannan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Visual sensitivity was evaluated in the central 16 degrees of the visual field in normal subjects, in patients with glaucomatous optic neuropathy, in glaucoma suspects, and in eyes of patients with multiple sclerosis without evidence of active optic neuritis. A novel method was used to assess sensitivity called contrast perimetry (CP). CP essentially samples every point in the central 16 degrees field, and the normal and deviant responses are relatable to spatial summation of contrast signals. In each visual field quadrant 1 cycles/degree sinusoidal grating stimuli limited in area by a gaussian circular aperture (called a Gabor stimulus) were presented. Contrast sensitivity was measured as a function of stimulus size. The normal curve is nearly S-shaped: For small Gabors contrast sensitivity increases slowly, then accelerates and then flattens again. Patients' results fell into two broad categories: a loss more or only evident for small Gabors and another type of loss for both small and large Gabor size. Glaucoma suspect and most glaucoma eyes showed predominant losses to small Gabors. There were more eyes and more VF quadrants identified by contrast perimetry as abnormal compared to the diagnostic yield of the Humphrey 30-2 (central) visual field even though a Humphrey VF defect was defined liberally. Apparently, contrast perimetry may yield diagnostically useful information of paracentral visual sensitivity. Furthermore, the results suggest that selective losses in POAG and some glaucoma suspects occur to spatially broad-band retinal mechanisms, presumably ganglion cells.","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"284-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20233236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0