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Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)最新文献

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Neurologic comorbidity and mania in old age. 老年神经共病与躁狂症。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
K I Shulman
{"title":"Neurologic comorbidity and mania in old age.","authors":"K I Shulman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review focuses on the clear association of a wide range of neurological disorders with the clinical phenomenon of mania in old age. The nature of these neurologic disorders is described and discussed. The significance of this association in the context of premorbid vulnerability to mood disorders, late age of onset, and high mortality at follow-up is discussed and integrated into a comprehensive model for the understanding of mania in old age. The author outlines future research directions that may enhance our understanding of mania in old age, as well as in younger age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"37-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20011241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neuroanatomy of language processing studied with functional MRI. 功能磁共振成像研究语言处理的神经解剖学。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
J R Binder
{"title":"Neuroanatomy of language processing studied with functional MRI.","authors":"J R Binder","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article discusses recent data from functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) studies of language. Although preliminary, these data suggest activation of the left prefrontal cortex across a variety of tasks, with less activation of posterior cortical areas known to play a role in language. Potential sources of error in functional imaging studies related to task subtraction techniques are briefly discussed. The semantic decision task used by the author and colleagues, which produces left lateralized activation of both prefrontal and temporoparietal areas, is presented in detail, and the activation pattern observed in these studies is discussed in the context of converging neuropsychological and positron emission tomography data. It is argued that superior temporal responses evoked by listening to speech represent sensory rather than language processes. The data bring into question the classical disconnection model of transcortical aphasia and confirm the participation of left prefrontal areas in comprehension. FMRI shows promise as an alternative to the intracarotid amobarbital test for language dominance.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 2","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20014863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computer rehabilitation in aphasia. 失语症的电脑康复。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
M Weinrich
{"title":"Computer rehabilitation in aphasia.","authors":"M Weinrich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent work in applying computers to treatment of aphasia demonstrates some promising early results, but marketing of therapy programs is far ahead of efficacy studies. The need for rigorous controlled studies and development of therapy programs based on theoretically sound principles and neuropsychological models remains acute.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 2","pages":"103-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20017403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optic nerve disease: an introduction. 视神经疾病:介绍。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
I Bodis-Wollner
{"title":"Optic nerve disease: an introduction.","authors":"I Bodis-Wollner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"213-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20233337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MRA of venous sinus thrombosis. 静脉窦血栓形成的MRA。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
A M Wang
{"title":"MRA of venous sinus thrombosis.","authors":"A M Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracranial venous magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) provides excellent visualization of dural venous sinuses and large deep and superficial cerebral veins noninvasively. It is a very useful imaging technique to evaluate venous sinus thrombosis. It also provides the planning and monitoring endovascular thrombolytic treatment for dural sinus thrombosis. Familiarization with normal intracranial venous anatomy and its normal variants as well as recognition of its pitfalls and artifacts of the venous MRA techniques are critical for making interpretation of venous sinus thrombosis correctly.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 3","pages":"158-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20132079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spine MR angiography. 脊柱MR血管造影。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
B C Bowen, P M Pattany
{"title":"Spine MR angiography.","authors":"B C Bowen,&nbsp;P M Pattany","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of MR angiography to evaluate spinal vessels is in an early stage of development. Both time-of-flight (3D) and phase-contrast (2D and 3D) techniques have been applied, and for both types of techniques, the vessels are best visualized following intravenous gadolinium administration. The vessels of interest are the millimeter-sized intradural arteries and veins, which are located on the cord surface and travel from the cord to the epidural space. Only the post gadolinium 3D TOF technique has been shown to display normal intradural vessels (thoracolumbar region), principally veins. Both TOF and PC techniques provide better delineation of enlarged intradural vessels associated with spinal vascular malformations than standard MR imaging alone. PC techniques are much less sensitive in detecting the arterial supply to dural arteriovenous fistula than intramedullary arteriovenous malformation. The TOF technique can predict the foraminal level of a dural fistula when an enlarged medullary vein, resulting from retrograde drainage, is present. MR angiography, in conjunction with MR imaging, is now suggested for screening of suspected spinal vascular malformation. Other applications such as vascular tumors and arterial or venous occlusive disease are under investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 3","pages":"165-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20132080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extension of fundamental stroke research into clinical care. 将脑卒中基础研究扩展到临床护理。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
F Plum
{"title":"Extension of fundamental stroke research into clinical care.","authors":"F Plum","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical efforts in stroke prevention have measurably reduced the incidence of stroke in persons experiencing a number of risk factors. Clinical efforts to reduce stroke size once the process starts, however, have been disappointing. A variety of agents aimed at blocking the effects of excitotoxic neurotransmitters or interfering with intracellular calcium entry have been tested but with little success on clinical outcome. Satisfactory explanation of the paradox between animal and clinical outcome studies has not been forthcoming. Accordingly, clinical investigators are exploring the potential value of surgical craniectomy in efforts to improve the presently devastated outcome that marks the course of severe, large acute cerebral infarctions.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 4","pages":"175-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20132596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells in adult mammals. 成年哺乳动物视网膜神经节细胞切开后的存活。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
M Watanabe, H Sawai, Y Fukuda
{"title":"Survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells in adult mammals.","authors":"M Watanabe,&nbsp;H Sawai,&nbsp;Y Fukuda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a nature of central neurons, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of adult mammals cannot regenerate spontaneously, but rather, degenerate retrogradely after optic nerve (ON) transection. Recent studies have clarified that some RGCs survive axotomy and regrow their axons through the graft when the peripheral nerve is transplanted to the cut stump. However, the numbers of regenerated fibers are still quite small and a great majority of RGCs die after axotomy. Studies on the rodent and cat retinas have revealed that vulnerability to axotomy differs among RGC types. Especially in the cat retina, X/beta cells are more vulnerable to axotomy than other cells. Several neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4 or 5 (NT-4/5) are effective to rescue RGCs from retrograde cell death, and promote growth of intraretinal axons. Localization of their receptors is also demonstrated in RGCs. On the other hand, evidence has been accumulated that regenerated ON fibers reform functional synapses with central visual neurons and thereby axotomized RGCs survive longer. These reformed retino-collicular synapses enabled the animals to recover the ability of light-dark discrimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"233-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20233340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magnetic resonance angiography in children. 儿童磁共振血管造影。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
C M Glasier, J W Allison
{"title":"Magnetic resonance angiography in children.","authors":"C M Glasier,&nbsp;J W Allison","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MRA in children utilizes the same pulse sequences used in adults, but for investigation of the differing forms of vascular pathology found in the pediatric population. Because of the extreme sensitivity of MRA to motion artifact, sedation is an important adjunct to the performance of diagnostic MRI and MRA in children. Because of the noninvasive nature of MRA, strictly diagnostic conventional angiography in children is uncommonly performed and frequently directed toward investigation and therapy of intracranial vascular malformations. Common indications for MRA in children include sickle cell vasculopathy, cerebral and posterior fossa infarction, tumors, vascular malformations, and follow-up of patients recently on extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Non-invasive follow-up subsequent to surgical or medical therapy of intra or extra cranial vascular pathology is another important use for MRA in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 3","pages":"153-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20132078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prognosis and outcome studies in late-life depression. 老年抑郁症的预后和转归研究。
Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1997-01-01
R C Baldwin, S Simpson
{"title":"Prognosis and outcome studies in late-life depression.","authors":"R C Baldwin,&nbsp;S Simpson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article reviews our current understanding of the outcome of depression in older people and factors predictive of outcome. Research into neurobiological factors that may be of relevance to outcome is touched on, with suggestions for improving outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":79395,"journal":{"name":"Clinical neuroscience (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20011238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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