Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee最新文献_第9页

Muscle oxygenation trends during dynamic exercise measured by near infrared spectroscopy. 近红外光谱测量动态运动期间肌肉氧合趋势。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-033

Yagesh N Bhambhani

{"title":"Muscle oxygenation trends during dynamic exercise measured by near infrared spectroscopy.","authors":"Yagesh N Bhambhani","doi":"10.1139/h04-033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h04-033","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decade, NIRS has been used extensively to evaluate the changes in muscle oxygenation and blood volume during a variety of exercise modes. The important findings from this research are as follows: (a) There is a strong correlation between the lactate (ventilatory) threshold during incremental cycle exercise and the exaggerated reduction in muscle oxygenation measured by NIRS. (b) The delay in steady-state oxygen uptake during constant work rate exercise at intensities above the lactate/ventilatory threshold is closely related to changes in muscle oxygenation measured by NIRS. (c) The degree of muscle deoxygenation at the same absolute oxygen uptake is significantly lower in older persons compared younger persons; however, these changes are negated when muscle oxygenation is expressed relative to maximal oxygen uptake values. (d) There is no significant difference between the rate of biceps brachii and vastus lateralis deoxygenation during arm cranking and leg cycling exercise, respectively, in males and females. (e) Muscle deoxygenation trends recorded during short duration, high-intensity exercise such as the Wingate test indicate that there is a substantial degree of aerobic metabolism during such exercise. Recent studies that have used NIRS at multiple sites, such as brain and muscle tissue, provide useful information pertaining to the regional changes in oxygen availability in these tissues during dynamic exercise.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"29 4","pages":"504-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h04-033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24650764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 144

Perspective: Sedentary Death Syndrome— Where to From Here? 视角:久坐死亡综合症——从这里开始?

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1139/H04-028

P. Katzmarzyk

{"title":"Perspective: Sedentary Death Syndrome— Where to From Here?","authors":"P. Katzmarzyk","doi":"10.1139/H04-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/H04-028","url":null,"abstract":"The 2003 John Sutton Lecture and accompanying review article by Lees and Booth in this issue of the journal are aptly named “Sedentary Death Syndrome.” Physical inactivity is a risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, colon cancer, breast cancer, osteoporosis, and other “diseases of civilization.” Given the overwhelming and widely disseminated evidence (Bouchard et al., 1994; U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, 1996) that physical inactivity is a major risk factor for chronic disease, why are so many Canadians physically inactive? As part of a strategy to increase public awareness and compliance with active living, Lees and Booth call for more research into the molecular basis of Sedentary Death Syndrome. They argue that until a clear mechanistic link is made between physical inactivity and chronic disease, there will be continued resistance on the part of the population for adopting physically active lifestyles. This is a laudable recommendation—one that will greatly strengthen the knowledge base linking physical inactivity to specific health outcomes in a more definitive manner. While it is clear that much more mechanistic research on the issue of physical activity and health is required, we are currently faced with an epidemic of physical inactivity and an impending health care crisis. According to the 2000/01 Canadian Community Health Survey, 54% of Canadians are completely sedentary in their leisure time (expending < 1.5 kcal·kg–1·day–1), whereas only 23% are active enough to reap the health benefits of an active lifestyle (expending ≥3 kcal·kg–1·day–1) (Statistics Canada, 2002). Physical inactivity is taking an exacting toll on our health care system and accounts for more than 21,000 premature","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"31 5 1","pages":"444-446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76046582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Adoption of Canada's Physical Activity Guide and Handbook for Older Adults: impact on functional fitness and energy expenditure. 采用加拿大老年人体育活动指南和手册:对功能健康和能量消耗的影响。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-025

Xuesong Jiang, Juliette Cooper, Michelle M Porter, A Elizabeth Ready

{"title":"Adoption of Canada's Physical Activity Guide and Handbook for Older Adults: impact on functional fitness and energy expenditure.","authors":"Xuesong Jiang, Juliette Cooper, Michelle M Porter, A Elizabeth Ready","doi":"10.1139/h04-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h04-025","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated whether a behaviour change program, based on Canada's Physical Activity Guide and Handbook to Healthy Active Living for Older Adults (Health Canada, 1999a), would elicit greater benefits than adoption of the guide and handbook alone. Fifteen older adults received the guide and accompanying handbook and completed the 8-week behaviour change program (mean age 73.2 +/- 5.2 yrs), while 14 others received only the guide and handbook (mean age 76.8 +/- 10.0 yrs). Functional fitness (lower body strength/endurance, flexibility, agility/dynamic balance) (Rikli and Jones, 1999), and estimated energy expenditure (DiPietro et al., 1993) were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. Lower body strength/endurance and agility/dynamic balance differed between groups at baseline, p < 0.05. All three functional fitness tests improved in both groups over time, p< 0.05. Estimated energy expended in physical activity increased in both groups over time, p < 0.05; however, there was a significantly greater increase in the behaviour-change group (Group x Time interaction, p < 0.05). Participant response to using the guide and handbook was positive. These results indicate that introduction to Canada's Physical Activity Guide and Handbook to Healthy Active Living for Older Adults leads to benefits, whether or not accompanied by program supports. The group receiving the behaviour change program had a greater increase in energy expenditure, which suggests that such an intervention may ultimately lead to greater health benefits.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"29 4","pages":"395-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h04-025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24641613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Monitoring individual erector spinae fatigue responses using electromyography and near infrared spectroscopy. 使用肌电图和近红外光谱监测个体勃起者脊柱疲劳反应。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-023

Wayne J Albert, Gordon G Sleivert, J Patarick Neary, Yagesh N Bhambhani

{"title":"Monitoring individual erector spinae fatigue responses using electromyography and near infrared spectroscopy.","authors":"Wayne J Albert, Gordon G Sleivert, J Patarick Neary, Yagesh N Bhambhani","doi":"10.1139/h04-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h04-023","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the utility of electromyography and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in assessing m. erector spinae activity during the Biering-Sorensen Back Muscle Endurance (BSME) test. Six men and four women (27.0 +/- 7.1 years of age) performed the BSME test (time = 131.5 +/- 43.5 s). EMG was used to quantify neuromuscular activity of the right and left side at the L3 level, and root mean square was scaled for maximum value at the start of the exercise. NIRS was used to evaluate blood volume (BV) and oxygenation (OX) simultaneous with EMG bilaterally at the L3 level. There was a decrease to 49+/- 8% of initial median frequency (mean= 83 Hz) on both right and left sides when the exercise was 90% complete, and the slope of the median frequency/time relationship was significantly related to BSME time (r = 0.82). Group means for BV increased during back exercise while OX decreased and was significantly different between right and left sides of the lower back. However, large OX response differences among individuals and between right and left sides were noted. OX and median frequency were moderately related (r = 0.27-0.38). It appears that NIRS combined with EMG is a promising tool for assessing localized metabolic and neuromuscular activity during static contractions of the lower back.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"29 4","pages":"363-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h04-023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24641611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34

Natural killer cells and exercise training in the elderly: a review. 自然杀伤细胞与老年人运动训练:综述。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-027

Jennifer M DiPenta, Julia Green Johnson, Rene J L Murphy

引用次数: 33

Application of near infrared spectroscopy to exercise sports science. 近红外光谱在运动运动科学中的应用。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-032

J Patrick Neary

引用次数: 72

Effects of recovery mode on performance, O2 uptake, and O2 deficit during high-intensity intermittent exercise. 在高强度间歇运动中，恢复模式对运动表现、氧气摄取和氧气不足的影响。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-016

Cecilia Dorado, Joaquin Sanchis-Moysi, José A L Calbet

{"title":"Effects of recovery mode on performance, O2 uptake, and O2 deficit during high-intensity intermittent exercise.","authors":"Cecilia Dorado, Joaquin Sanchis-Moysi, José A L Calbet","doi":"10.1139/h04-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h04-016","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the influence of activity performed during the recovery period on the aerobic and anaerobic energy yield, as well as on performance, during high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIT). Ten physical education students participated in the study. First they underwent an incremental exercise test to assess their maximal power output (Wmax) and VO2max. On subsequent days they performed three different HITs. Each HIT consisted of four cycling bouts until exhaustion at 110% Wmax. Recovery periods of 5 min were allowed between bouts. HITs differed in the kind of activity performed during the recovery periods: pedaling at 20% VO2max (HITA), stretching exercises, or lying supine. Performance was 3-4% and aerobic energy yield was 6-8% (both p < 0.05) higher during the HITA than during the other two kinds of HIT. The greater contribution of aerobic metabolism to the energy yield during the high-intensity exercise bouts with active recovery was due to faster VO2 kinetics (p< 0.01) and a higher VO2peak during the exercise bouts preceded by active recovery (p < 0.05). In contrast, the anaerobic energy yield (oxygen deficit and peak blood lactate concentrations) was similar in all HITs. Therefore, this study shows that active recovery facilitates performance by increasing aerobic contribution to the whole energy yield turnover during high-intensity intermittent exercise.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"29 3","pages":"227-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h04-016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24566520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 87

The myofibrillar complex and fatigue: a review. 肌纤维复合体与疲劳:综述。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-022

Rene Vandenboom

{"title":"The myofibrillar complex and fatigue: a review.","authors":"Rene Vandenboom","doi":"10.1139/h04-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h04-022","url":null,"abstract":"The basis for all biological movement is the conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy by different classes of motor proteins. In skeletal muscle this motor protein is myosin II, a thick filament-based molecule that harnesses the free energy furnished by ATP hydrolysis to perform mechanical work against actin proteins of the thin filament. The cyclic attachment and detachment of myosin with actin that generates muscle force and shortening is Ca2+ regulated. Intense muscle activity may lead to metabolically induced inhibitions to the function of these myofibrillar proteins when Ca2+ regulation is normal, a phenomenon referred to as myofibrillar fatigue. Studies using single muscle fibers at room temperature or lower have shown that myosin motor function is inhibited by the accumulation of the ATP-hydrolysis products ADP, Pi, and H+ as well as by excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These metabolically induced impairments to myosin motor function reduce muscle work and power output by impairing maximal Ca2+ activated force, the Ca2+ sensitivity of force, and/or unloaded shortening velocity. Based on uncertainties about their inhibitory effect on muscle function at more physiological temperatures, the influence of ATP-hydrolysis product and ROS accumulation on myofibrillar protein function of human skeletal muscle remains to be clarified.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"29 3","pages":"330-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h04-022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24566447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Force maintenance with submaximal fatiguing contractions. 力维持与次最大疲劳收缩。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-019

David G Behm

{"title":"Force maintenance with submaximal fatiguing contractions.","authors":"David G Behm","doi":"10.1139/h04-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h04-019","url":null,"abstract":"Whereas many definitions of fatigue include externally measurable decrements in force or performance, fatigue can be present with no change in the external output of the muscle. The maintenance of submaximal forces can be considered a compromise between neuromuscular force enhancement and competing inhibitory influences. An example of a muscle facilitatory process includes postactivation potentiation that results in an increased sensitivity to Ca++. The neuromuscular system copes with metabolic disruption and subsequent loss of force by recruiting additional motor units and increasing the firing frequency. If the contraction persists, firing frequency may decrease so as to optimize the stimulus rate with the prolonged duration of the muscle fibre action potential (muscle wisdom). The insertion of additional neural impulses into the train of stimuli can result in force potentiation (catch-like properties). Furthermore, there is evidence of neural potentiation and a dissociation of muscle activity with submaximal fatigue. Conversely, inhibition may be derived supraspinally or at the spinal level. While there may be some evidence of intrinsic motoneuronal fatigue, inhibitory afferent influences from chemical, tensile, pressure, and other factors play an important role in the competing influences on force output.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"29 3","pages":"274-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h04-019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24566522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 94

Mechanisms and management of fatigue in health and disease: symposium introduction. 疲劳在健康和疾病中的机制和管理:专题讨论会导言。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1139/h04-018

Howard J Green

{"title":"Mechanisms and management of fatigue in health and disease: symposium introduction.","authors":"Howard J Green","doi":"10.1139/h04-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h04-018","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise intolerance is a condition commonly experienced by both the healthy and those with disease. Yet we have only a limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms and, consequently, the management of this condition. In this Symposium, a major objective was to address the role of the muscle cell in weakness and fatigue. We have focused on addressing the advances made in characterizing the basis of muscle cell contractility with particular respect to the processes and proteins involved in excitation and contraction, and how these processes can be modified during repetitive activity. Three reviews are provided on this subject. Each addresses a specific link in the cascade of events from neural activation of the muscle to the generation of force. In the first review the processes involved in signal transduction in the sarcolemma and T-tubule, and which regulate membrane excitability, are examined. The second review analyzes the sarcoplasmic reticulum regulation of the intracellular messenger that controls the myofibrillar complex, namely free calcium. The final review in this series deals with the events regulating actin-myosin behaviour and the mechanical response. All reviews place special emphasis on how different sites can be modified by repetitive activity and, as a consequence, how they can represent a potential source of fatigue. Since it is important to understand the nature, manifestations, and measurement of weakness and fatigue, a comprehensive review on these topics is also provided.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"29 3","pages":"264-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h04-018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24566448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5