Annals of Pharmacotherapy最新文献

{"title":"The Use of Protamine for the Management of Postcardiac Surgery Coagulopathy.","authors":"Minlang Lin, Michael Militello, Benjamin Hohlfelder, Kevin Hodges, Jessica Ward","doi":"10.1177/10600280241302324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241302324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241302324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Response to Weight-based Dosing Strategies of Continuous, Fixed-Rate Atracurium Infusions in Critically Ill, Obese Adults With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.","authors":"Krishn S Patel, Gretchen L Sacha, Heather Torbic, Stephanie Bass, Lu Wang, Abhijit Duggal, Michael A Rudoni","doi":"10.1177/10600280241304406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241304406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fixed-rate infusions of weight-based neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) were adopted during the COVID pandemic to limit caregiver exposure during titrations. Although fixed-rate infusions are supported in studies of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the optimal scalar for weight-based NMBAs in patients with obesity remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to compare change in oxygenation using two weight-based dosing strategies for atracurium in obese patients with ARDS. Secondary outcomes included total atracurium dose, mortality, and intensive care unit (ICU) and ventilator-free days.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following an institutional practice update to use ideal body weight (IBW) for patients with obesity, we retrospectively compared adults (≥18 years) with ARDS and a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m² who received atracurium (15 µg/kg/min) based on actual body weight (ABW) with those using IBW. The primary outcome was change in PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio (P/F) 48 hours after atracurium initiation. Analysis-of-covariance compared change in P/F between groups after adjustment for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IBW group (<i>n</i> = 123), compared with the ABW group (<i>n</i> = 133), had lower baseline P/F (85.0 [71.0, 118.3] vs 93.3 [76.0, 128.3], <i>P</i> = 0.025) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (9.7 ± 2.6 vs 10.5 ± 2.6, <i>P</i> = 0.015), with greater use of steroids (96% vs 89%, <i>P</i> = 0.032) and prone positioning (72% vs 58%, <i>P</i> = 0.015). No difference was detected in change in P/F at 48 hours (adjusted least squares mean [95% confidence interval, CI]: 55.8 [37.0, 74.5] vs 56.9 [39.6, 74.1], <i>P</i> = 0.90). Atracurium doses were higher in the ABW group (97.4 mg/h [84.4, 110.3] vs 55.4 [47.2, 65.7], <i>P</i> < 0.001). There was no difference in hospital mortality, ICU mortality, and ICU-free days or ventilator-free days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and relevance: </strong>In patients with obesity with ARDS receiving fixed-rate atracurium infusions, the change in P/F at 48 hours did not differ based on weight. Atracurium dosed on IBW may use less total drug without compromising ability to improve oxygenation. This is the first study comparing the dosing weight used for continuous infusion atracurium in hospitalized, critically ill ARDS patients with obesity. Additional studies are warranted to optimize dosing in obese patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241304406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgements to AOP Peer Reviewers October 1, 2023 through October 1, 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/10600280241299252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241299252","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241299252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Travoprost Intracameral Implant: A Review on the Novel Treatment Modality for Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension.","authors":"Jessica Huston, Mark Paauw, Dontia Orey, Aliya Centner, Azeem Hasan, Rajesh Shetty, Kathryn Freidl, Rebecca Goldfaden","doi":"10.1177/10600280241291911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241291911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article reviews the published data encompassing the development, pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of travoprost, intracameral implant, a treatment for reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A literature search was conducted from drug discovery until September 2024 through PubMed, MEDLINE, and National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials Registry utilizing the following search terms: iDose, travoprost, intracameral implant, OTX-TIC, open-angle glaucoma, and ocular hypertension.</p><p><strong>Study selection and data extraction: </strong>All relevant English-language studies, or studies that could be appropriately translated into English, containing the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of travoprost intracameral implant were selected for review.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Travoprost implants showed significant reductions in IOP compared with other treatment options with fewer limitations often associated with topical medications resulting in travoprost implant patients favoring reduced concomitant use of topical IOP-lowering medications (with 81% of patients being medication free).</p><p><strong>Relevance to patient care and clinical practice in comparison with existing drugs: </strong>Due to limited compliance with topical treatment modalities, the travoprost implant presents a promising alternative pathway for drug delivery. With a duration of 3 years and removal of the need for patient dexterity and application compliance, the travoprost implant serves an unmet need for patients and prescribers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Travoprost intracameral implant is a safe and effective delivery system for intracameral travoprost administration for patients with OAG or ocular hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241291911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Incidence of Nocardia Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients on Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Opportunistic Infection Prophylaxis.","authors":"Regina Jung, Jenny Au, Jacqueline Burnell, Adam Diamond, Ishani Shah, Christina Ruggia-Check","doi":"10.1177/10600280241302412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241302412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is the preferred prophylactic agent for <i>Pneumocystis jiroveci</i> pneumonia (PJP) and toxoplasmosis after solid organ transplant (SOT). Compared with other agents, it has additional activity against <i>Nocardia</i> species.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of <i>Nocardia</i> infection in SOT patients receiving TMP-SMX or an alternative agent for opportunistic infection (OI) prophylaxis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included transplant recipients at a large urban medical center over a period of 4 years. All patients received either TMP-SMX or an alternative agent for PJP prophylaxis. The primary outcome was the incidence of <i>Nocardia</i> infection within 24 months posttransplant. Secondary outcomes included resistance rates of <i>Nocardia</i> isolates, usage rates of alternative prophylactic agents, reasons for using alternative agents, and rate of conversion from an alternative agent back to TMP-SMX.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 791 adult SOT recipients who received PJP or toxoplasmosis prophylaxis were included. Mean age at transplantation was 60.9 years with the majority of patients being male (67.3%) lung transplant recipients (63.6%). TMP-SMX was the most commonly used initial prophylactic agent (84.6%), followed by atovaquone (15.4%). Of the 791 SOT recipients, 16 (2.0%) were diagnosed with nocardiosis within 24 months posttransplant. Patients receiving alternative agents had a higher incidence of infection compared with those receiving TMP-SMX prophylaxis (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and relevance: </strong>Our findings suggest that OI prophylaxis with TMP-SMX may be protective against nocardiosis in SOT recipients. If possible, patients who are switched to an alternative agent due to TMP-SMX intolerance should be re-challenged when the adverse effect resolves. Most patients in our study were able to tolerate re-initiation, suggesting that the adverse effects associated with TMP-SMX may be temporary and may not warrant discontinuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241302412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply: FDA Approved mRESVIA: Embracing the New Era of RSV Prevention With Advanced mRNA Technology.","authors":"Daniel Wroblewski, Lindsay A Brust-Sisti, Matthew Bridgeman, Mary Barna Bridgeman","doi":"10.1177/10600280241301430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241301430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241301430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FDA Approves mRESVIA: Embracing the New Era of RSV Prevention With Advanced mRNA Technology.","authors":"Zainab Anfaal, Zmarak Ahmed Khan, Muhammad Ammar Aslam","doi":"10.1177/10600280241301432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241301432","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241301432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ceftobiprole Medocaril: A New Fifth-Generation Cephalosporin.","authors":"Justin Zimmerman, Christopher Giuliano, Pramodini B Kale-Pradhan","doi":"10.1177/10600280241293773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241293773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of intravenous ceftobiprole in the treatment of bloodstream infections, acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the following terms: ceftobiprole, ceftobiprole medocaril, ceftobiprole medocaril sodium, Zevtera, and BAL5788.</p><p><strong>Study selection and data extraction: </strong>Articles published in English between January 1985 and August 15, 2024, related to pharmacology, safety, efficacy, and clinical trials were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Ceftobiprole has shown similar efficacy to comparator antibiotics in CAP, ABSSSIs, and bloodstream infections. Overall treatment success in patients with bacteremia was 69.8% and 68.7%; 91.3% and 88.1% with ABSSSIs and 86.6% and 87.4% with CAP in ceftobiprole and comparator groups, respectively. Finally, in the management of HAP and VAP, ceftobiprole was inferior in the VAP population. Ceftobiprole had a favorable safety profile with gastrointestinal adverse effects occurring more frequently than comparators.</p><p><strong>Relevance to patient care and clinical practice in comparison to existing drugs: </strong>Clinicians have limited options to treat multidrug-resistant infections. Ceftobiprole has demonstrated efficacy against causative pathogens in specific infections including methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> bacteremia (SAB), ABSSSI, and CAP and may be considered a viable alternative. However, ceftobiprole's impact on HAP, VAP, and febrile neutropenia needs to be further delineated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ceftobiprole's broad-spectrum activity makes it a viable option for treating patients hospitalized with CAP, ABSSSI, and SAB. Further studies are needed in severely ill HAP or VAP, febrile neutropenia, and pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241293773"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pivmecillinam for Uncomplicated Acute Cystitis: A Contemporary Review.","authors":"Jessica E Burchette, Kelly Covert, Patrick Tu, Bryan P White, Daniel B Chastain, David B Cluck","doi":"10.1177/10600280241288554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241288554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review the evidence and discuss use of pivmecillinam in uncomplicated acute cystitis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A literature search was conducted utilizing PubMed (from 2000 through August 2024) and ClinicalTrials.gov. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms, such as mecillinam or pivmecillinam and urinary tract infections, were utilized. Additional references were identified by reviewing literature citations.</p><p><strong>Study selection and data extraction: </strong>Articles were limited to English language publications evaluating the efficacy or safety of pivmecillinam for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in adult populations.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Data from 6 randomized controlled trials support pivmecillinam for acute uncomplicated cystitis at doses of 200 to 400 mg 3 times daily for 3 to 7 days, with more consistent clinical and bacteriologic cure observed with 400 mg doses and longer therapy durations. Clinical evaluation of 400 mg 2 to 3 times daily is available with use more common in non-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved populations, such as men, pregnancy, and multidrug resistant infections. There are limited data supporting pivmecillinam for pyelonephritis; routine use is cautioned until further clinical data are available.</p><p><strong>Relevance to patient care and clinical practice in comparison with existing drugs: </strong>As resistance to first-line antimicrobials rises, the need for safe and effective treatment options remains high. Pivmecillinam represents a new therapeutic option available in the United States for outpatient management of uncomplicated acute cystitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pivmecillinam could be a key agent for uncomplicated acute cystitis. Utilization will likely be cost driven, but the promise of low resistance encourages the place in therapy when other agents are not susceptible to infecting uropathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241288554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficacy of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review of the Literature.","authors":"Samantha P Sutton, Justin P Reinert","doi":"10.1177/10600280241291604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280241291604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ) for the treatment of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) urinary tract infections (UTIs).</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards on PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central through July 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection and data extraction: </strong>Studies providing efficacy data associated with PTZ in patients ≥18 years old experiencing an ESBL-PE UTI that documented clinical and microbiological cure data were included.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>A total of 577 articles were obtained for screening. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 studies comparing PTZ with carbapenems comprised of 1156 patient cases were analyzed. Piperacillin/tazobactam was found to be noninferior to carbapenems in the treatment of both uncomplicated and complicated UTI's caused by ESBL-PE. The observed noninferiority encompassed clinical response, clinical cure, and microbiological cure outcome metrics. Although not specifically evaluated in this systematic review, adverse effects associated with PTZ were found to be minimal and lesser in incidence than with the carbapenem comparators in aggregate.</p><p><strong>Relevance to patient care and clinical practice: </strong>While a definitive dosing strategy remains elusive, a PTZ total daily dose of 13.5 g infused over 3 to 4 hours may be appropriate for this indication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Piperacillin/tazobactam may be an effective carbapenem-sparing agent for the treatment of ESBL-PE UTIs that show in-vitro susceptibility to PTZ. However, additional robust randomized clinical trials are still needed to validate the findings of this review and determine the best dosage regimen of PTZ for ESBL-PE UTIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280241291604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}