Annals of Pharmacotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Bulevirtide (Hepcludex) for Chronic Hepatitis Delta: A Milestone Achievement Demanding Real-World Evaluation.","authors":"Aun Muhammad Shoro, Sufwan Ullah Khan","doi":"10.1177/10600280261476305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280261476305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280261476305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depemokimab-ulaa: A Long-Acting Interleukin-5 Inhibitor.","authors":"Lauren Linenfelser, Melissa Lipari, Pramodini Kale-Pradhan","doi":"10.1177/10600280261472893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280261472893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of subcutaneous depemokimab-ulaa as add-on therapy in the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed database, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the following terms: depemokimab, depemokimab-ulaa, Exdensur, and GSK3511294.</p><p><strong>Study selection and data extraction: </strong>Articles published in English between January 2020 and March 2026, related to pharmacology, safety, efficacy, and clinical trials, were reviewed. Four studies met inclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>In phase 3 trials, SWIFT-1 and SWIFT-2, depemokimab-ulaa demonstrated comparable reductions in elevated blood eosinophil (EOS) counts when compared to other interleukin-5 (IL-5) targeting therapies in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. The annualized exacerbation rates were 0.46 and 0.56 with depemokimab-ulaa vs 1.11 and 1.08 with placebo (<i>P</i> < .001), respectively. There were no differences in other outcomes that were studied. In the phase 3 NIMBLE trial, depemokimab-ulaa did not meet the noninferiority margin when patients were switched from other anti-IL-5 therapies. Depemokimab-ulaa maintained a favorable safety profile, with no serious adverse events or deaths considered to be related to the drug.Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice in Comparison to Existing Drugs:When compared with other anti-IL-5 agents, depemokimab-ulaa might serve as an effective alternative option with its twice-yearly dosing offering a significant advantage potentially improving patient adherence and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Depemokimab-ulaa's twice-yearly dosing offers a convenient alternative to other anti-IL-5 therapies as add-on treatment for severe eosinophilic asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280261472893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Population-Specific Phenytoin Correction Factors on Estimation of Free Phenytoin Concentrations in a Community Teaching Hospital.","authors":"Abriana M Palumbo, Andrew Soliman, Kaysey Cloud, Khang Tran, Saeed K Alzghari, Margarita Taburyanskaya","doi":"10.1177/10600280261470029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280261470029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phenytoin is a highly protein-bound medication and monitored due to its narrow therapeutic range. Free phenytoin serum concentratinos (fPHT_m) are not readily available in many institutions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether population-specific correction factors (CFs) improve estimated free phenytoin serum concentrations (fPHTe) compared with traditional Winter-Tozer CF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective review included adults with same-day measured total phenytoin serum concentrations (mPHT), fPHT_m, albumin, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values. Patients were stratified by active/breakthrough seizures, intermittent hemodialysis (IHD), or adults younger than 65. Patient-specific fPHT_m percentages were used in the estimation of fPHTe.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 126 phenytoin levels reviewed, 66 met inclusion criteria. Population-specific CFs demonstrated lower bias and greater precision. In patients with active/breakthrough seizures and BUN <50 mg/dL, CF 0.29 improved accuracy compared with CF 0.2 (reduced mean percentage error [MPE] -59.59 vs -111.99 - indicating overprediction, root mean square error [RMSE] 1.79 vs 2.91), with similar trends when BUN exceeded 50 g/dL. A preliminary finding among adult patients younger than 65 showed better performance with a CF 0.275 than CF 0.2, with lower MPE (-40.43 vs -78.98) and RMSE (1.32 vs 2.16). In the IHD cohort, CF 0.201 outperformed CF 0.1 (MPE -74.40 vs -197.53 and RMSE 2.07 vs 5.32).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and relevance: </strong>Population-specific CF estimated fPHT_e more accurately and precisely than traditional CF. Findings remain preliminary due to limited representation, and further research is needed to improve CF selection across various subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280261470029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation Science Versus Traditional Biomedical Research: Both Types of Studies Matter.","authors":"Kazuhiko Kido","doi":"10.1177/10600280261473809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280261473809","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280261473809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process Improvement Is Not Yet Long-Term Effectiveness: Interpreting a Pharmacist-Provider Iron Deficiency Clinic.","authors":"Sun Xiaorong, Chen Kang","doi":"10.1177/10600280261473802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280261473802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280261473802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional vs Structural Renal Outcomes of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.","authors":"Faiza Naeem, Siew Chin Ong, Muhammad Daoud Butt, Amer Hayat Khan, Azreen Syazril Adnan, Shahzad Shaukat","doi":"10.1177/10600280261467689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10600280261467689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) provide significant renoprotection in chronic kidney disease, but their efficacy in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically assess preclinical and clinical data regarding the effectiveness, safety, and mechanisms of SGLT2i in ADPKD.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched from database inception to May 2026.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>Preclinical polycystic kidney models and clinical trials/observational studies of ADPKD evaluating any SGLT2i.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 standards. Bias was evaluated using SYRCLE and relevant clinical tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies satisfied the inclusion criteria: 4 preclinical rodent models, 1 current randomized controlled trial, and 6 observational/case-based clinical investigations. Preclinical results consistently showed decreased cyst load, inflammation, and fibrosis while also enhancing renal hemodynamics. Emerging clinical evidence demonstrated advantages in managing blood pressure, decreasing proteinuria, and improving metabolic measures, with slight or inconsistent effects on overall kidney volume. Diverse clinical data prevented quantitative meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Relevance to patient care and clinical practice: </strong>This review addresses a significant gap by comparing the functional and structural renal outcomes of SGLT2i in ADPKD. It indicates that although SGLT2i provides multi-pathway functional nephroprotection (natriuretic, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic), structural reduction of cyst growth needs additional clinical validation. These results provide reassurance to clinicians concerning short-term safety and advocate for the use of SGLT2i as effective supplements to control blood pressure, metabolic markers, and proteinuria in ADPKD, regardless of structural kidney alterations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preclinical findings suggest that SGLT2i provides renal protection in ADPKD through metabolic, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic mechanisms. Nevertheless, well-structured randomized controlled trials are necessary to validate long-term clinical effectiveness and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"10600280261467689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Toxicity Signals Associated With Ixekizumab.","authors":"Xia Song, Hao Zhang, Wenhao Guo, Yongli Hua","doi":"10.1177/10600280251377061","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10600280251377061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"817-819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment: Olanzapine Versus Quetiapine: Corrected QT Changes in Critically Ill Patients.","authors":"Matthew Stanton","doi":"10.1177/10600280251401889","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10600280251401889","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"822-823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145720044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Phenobarbital Loading Dose in Reducing Cumulative Benzodiazepine Utilization in Patients With Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome.","authors":"Taylor Le, Sabrina Staas, Robyn Firmin, Jennifer Dwyer, Thomas Bushell, Chaitanya Mishra, Thomas Smoot","doi":"10.1177/10600280251383490","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10600280251383490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a lack of information regarding the combination therapy of phenobarbital (PB) and benzodiazepine (BZD) for the symptomatic management of patients in or at risk of severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a PB loading dose in addition to symptom-triggered BZD treatment for patients in or at risk of severe AWS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2024 and May 2025, patients treated for AWS were screened for inclusion. Criteria for inclusion were age of at least 18 years old, a Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale (PAWSS) score of 4 or higher, and a record of receiving treatment for AWS. Patients were excluded from the study if they were directly admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or psychiatric service, transferred to the ICU within 12 hours of admission, or with a length of stay less than 24 hours. The primary endpoint was the difference in cumulative BZD requirements. Secondary endpoints included the need for adjunct therapies, incidence of adverse events, and escalation of care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 75 patients in the BZD group and 63 patients in the PB group. There was a statistically significant decrease in the cumulative BZD utilization in the PB loading group. Patients who exclusively received BZD therapy for AWS used an average of 148 mg of diazepam equivalents versus 112 mg in the PB group (<i>P</i> = 0.002). The PB group was also associated with a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of hypotension, respiratory depression, and the need for adjunct therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The addition of a weight-based PB loading dose showed a significant reduction in BZD utilization for patients in or at risk of severe AWS and was associated with fewer adverse events. Application of this information may aid in enhancing treatment for patients in or at risk of severe AWS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"772-778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145720070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Prior Substance Use and Sedation and Analgesia Requirements Among Mechanically Ventilated Adults With Critical Illness.","authors":"Megan E Feeney, Nicholas A Bosch","doi":"10.1177/10600280251383159","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10600280251383159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with substance use disorders (SUD) are at an increased risk of admission to intensive care units (ICUs) and the relationship between SUD and commonly used sedative and analgesic medications remains understudied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to describe associations between substance use disorder (SUD) and medication dose requirements in patients with critical illness requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single center, retrospective study of adult patients admitted to an ICU between January 1, 2017, to October 31, 2022 who were initiated on IMV within 48 hours. The primary outcome was median total daily dose of each sedative and analgesic medication received, grouped as follows: parenteral opioids, benzodiazepines, propofol, and dexmedetomidine. Multivariable median regression was used to determine associations between SUD and median daily dose after adjustment for demographic and clinical covariables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1290 included patients, 358 (27.8%) had a documented SUD present on admission. In unadjusted analyses, patients with SUD received higher median daily doses of parenteral opioids (197.5 MME [IQR 61.9-344.3] vs 162.2 MME [IQR 60.3-324.6]) and propofol (26 640 µg/kg [IQR 11 659-43 518] vs 23 248 µg/kg [IQR 10 510-38 870). No differences in median daily dose were noted for parenteral benzodiazepines or dexmedetomidine. In adjusted analyses, associations between SUD and median daily dose of parenteral opioids (β, 18.1 MME; 95% CI, -13.6 to 49.4) or propofol (β, 1699.9 µg/kg; 95% CI, -2477.1 to 5882.8) were no longer present.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and relevance: </strong>Results of unadjusted analyses aligned with prior studies reporting increased dose requirements of sedation and analgesia in patients with SUD; however, associations were diminished after adjustment for clinical and demographic covariables. Our results suggest the presence of SUD alone may not necessitate empirically higher medication doses in patients with SUD receiving IMV during critical illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":7933,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pharmacotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"754-763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}