{"title":"Effects of Dietary Replacement of Low-Quality Alfalfa Hay With Corn Silage on Nitrogen Utilization, Milk Production Performance, and Economic Valuation of Crossbred Hu Sheep at Early and Late Lactation Stages","authors":"Qing Qing, Mitsuru Tsubo, Wuchen Du, Atsushi Tsunekawa, Fujiang Hou, Toshiyoshi Ichinohe","doi":"10.1111/asj.70151","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the effect of replacing low-quality alfalfa hay (AH) with corn silage (CS) in basal forage diets on nitrogen (N) utilization and milk performance of crossbred Hu ewes at different lactation stages (LS1, 32–41; LS2, 84–93 days in milk). Diets used were CON (0% CS, 33.7% AH, 37.2% oat hay [OH]), CS1 (9.2% CS, 23.8% AH, 37.6% OH), and CS2 (18.5% CS, 13.8% AH, 38.0% OH). In a completely randomized design, 12 ewes received the diets formulated to have comparable metabolizable energy and protein content. The N intake was highest in CS2, and rumen degradable organic matter intake increased as the proportion of CS increased. The apparent nutrient digestibility was higher in CS diets than in the CON diet. The CS diets showed significantly lower urinary N excretion rate with their higher N retention rate compared with CON, indicating improved N utilization efficiency in CS diets. Compared with CON, CS2 increased milk yield by 36%, and CS diets increased milk protein and fat content. Overall, partial substituting CS for AH improved N utilization variables and lactation performance, suggesting that a CS-containing forage diet may enhance economic benefits of lactating sheep in the northwestern dryland regions of China.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146040351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of the Revision of the Carcass Trading Standard of Pigs on the Profitability and Growth Performances on Japanese Commercial Farms","authors":"Tsubasa Suzuki, Katsumasa Kure, Mitsugi Ito, Yosuke Sasaki","doi":"10.1111/asj.70150","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the effect of the revision of Japan's Carcass Trading Standard for Pork (CTSP) in January 2023, which increased the optimal carcass weight (CWT) range by 3 kg, on the profitability and growth productivity of commercial pig farms. We analyzed data from 116 Japanese farrow-to-finish farms in 2022 and 2023. The study found that the mean CWT significantly increased from 76.1 to 77.1 kg (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with 77% of farms increasing their CWT. Statistical analysis revealed that farms that had increased their CWT by more than 2 kg saw a significantly higher increase in margin over feed cost per market pig compared with farms that had decreased their CWT (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This increased profit was primarily driven by higher sales revenue per market pig owing to the increased CWT, while feed cost per pig was statistically similar across all change groups. In conclusion, the CTSP revision successfully encouraged most farms to increase CWT, providing a clear economic advantage in terms of margin over feed cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12817232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146002835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Extended Duration of Progesterone-Based Ovulation Synchronization Protocol on Fertility in Japanese Black Cows","authors":"Kazuhiro Bandai, Ena Chiba, Toru Ogata, Yoshiyuki Tsuchiya, Yoshikazu Tanaka, Tadaharu Ajito, Ryotaro Miura","doi":"10.1111/asj.70154","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compared conception rates among Japanese Black cows undergoing ovulation synchronization protocols using intravaginal progesterone-releasing devices (CIDR) across three different treatment durations. Cows received CIDR treatment for 7 days in the Ovsynch (OS) group (<i>n</i> = 40), 8–10 days in the short-extended (SE) group (<i>n</i> = 42), and 11–14 days in the long-extended (LE) group (<i>n</i> = 67). Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was injected concurrently with the CIDR insertion. On the day of CIDR withdrawal (Day 0), all cows received a prostaglandin F<sub>2α</sub> injection. When estrus signs were visually observed from Days 0 to 2, artificial insemination (AI) was performed concurrent with the GnRH injection. Cows without any estrus signs received GnRH injection on Day 2, followed by timed AI 16–20 h later. Data from 149 AIs performed on 144 cows were analyzed. The LE group tended to show a higher estrus expression rate than the OS group (13.4% vs. 0.0%, respectively). Pregnancy per AI was comparable among all three groups (OS: 47.5%, SE: 47.6%, LE: 50.7%). In conclusion, extending the CIDR treatment duration did not affect the conception rates of Japanese Black cows. In LE group cows, AI following estrus detection is recommended to enhance pregnancy outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146008744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship Between Milk Fatty Acid Profile and Fertility at Different Postpartum Days in First- or Second-Lactation Dairy Cows","authors":"Yuzu Chiba, Takeshi Yamazaki, Satoshi Nakagawa, Hayato Abe, Yuka Nakahori, Koichi Hagiya, Akiko Nishiura, Yutaka Masuda","doi":"10.1111/asj.70143","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Milk fatty acids (FA) are potential indicators of the nutritional status and reproductive performance of dairy cows. We investigated the relationship between FA until 125 days in milk (DIM) and the first insemination conception rates (CR) until 200 DIM. We used monthly test-day milk and insemination records of Holstein cows during the first and the second lactations. FA compositions included de novo FA (DnF: C4:0–14:0) and preformed FA (C15:0 and ≥ C17:0) on a total FA basis. We investigated CR of cows with different FA levels and insemination DIMs. FA compositions tested within 35, 36–65, 66–95, and 96–125 DIMs were leveled as low, moderate, or high. Insemination DIMs were grouped as 66–95, 96–125, and 126–200 DIM. During the first lactation, the CR until 125 DIM was significantly lower in low DnF until 125 DIM than in moderate and high DnF. During the second lactation, the CR until 95 DIM was significantly lower in low and moderate DnF within 35 DIM than in high DnF. These results suggest that DnF within 125 DIM during the first lactation and within 35 DIM during the second lactation are associated with CR until 125 DIM and 95 DIM, respectively.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145965031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruna Caroline Franzan, Irene da Silva Coelho, Emilly Martins Ramos, Ana Rúbia Pereira de Souza, Fernando Queiroz de Almeida, Vinicius Pimentel Silva
{"title":"Complete Extruded Diet: How Does Equine Fecal Microbiota Change During Intake Adaptation?","authors":"Bruna Caroline Franzan, Irene da Silva Coelho, Emilly Martins Ramos, Ana Rúbia Pereira de Souza, Fernando Queiroz de Almeida, Vinicius Pimentel Silva","doi":"10.1111/asj.70147","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to investigate the gradual adaptation of the fecal bacterial community and in vitro fermentative capacity of horses fed a complete extruded diet (CED). Twelve geldings weighing 370 kg were removed from a native pasture and fed coastcross hay (<i>Cynodon</i> spp) for 7 days. In the second week, horses were assigned to two groups: one group was fed exclusively with coastcross hay (HAY) for 28 days and the other group fed with weekly increases of CED (30%, 60%, and 100%) to replace HAY. Fecal samples were collected on Days 7, 14, 21, and 28 for microbiota and in vitro fermentation analyses. CED intake reduces the relative abundance of phyla Fibrobacteres, Proteobacteria, Campilobacterota, Lentisphaerae, and SR1, while increasing Verrucomicrobia and Synergistetes. The fecal bacterial diversity was maintained until Day 21 (60% CED) but declined when hay was completely withdrawn. Equine fecal microbiota is diet-dependent; the stability of microbial diversity is more closely linked to the presence of roughage than to CED intake. Also, the inclusion of CED affects its microbial abundance and the detection of bacterial groups able to alter in vitro fermentative activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12782053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145931914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to “Effects of free and nanoencapsulated garlic essential oil on growth performance and immune functions in broiler chickens”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/asj.70140","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Amiri, N.</span>, <span>Afsharmanesh, M.</span>, <span>Meimandipour, A.</span>, <span>Poorghasemi, M.</span>, <span>Hosseini, S. A.</span>, <span>Salarmoini, M.</span>, <span>Asa, M. N.</span> <span>2024</span>. “ <span>Effects of free and nanoencapsulated garlic essential oil on growth performance and immune functions in broiler chickens</span>.” <i>Animal Science Journal</i>, <span>95</span>, no. <span>1</span>:e70019. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.70019.\u0000 </p><p>The ORCID of Mohammad NaeemAsa is missing. The ORCID is 0000–0003-1522-996X.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asj.70140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Nitrate Supplementation on Digestion, Rumen Fermentation, Plasma Metabolites, and Nitrogen Use in Sheep Fed a High-Forage Diet","authors":"Keletso Ntokome, Taketo Obitsu, Shion Hisadomi, Yudai Inabu, Toshihisa Sugino","doi":"10.1111/asj.70145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dietary nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) is an alternative non-protein nitrogen (NPN) source and has mitigation effects on enteric methane emission in ruminants. This study investigated the effects of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> supplementation on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen (N) utilization, focusing on urea-N and amino acid metabolism in sheep fed a high-forage diet. Six Suffolk wethers were assigned to a 2 × 2 crossover design conducted over two periods of 40 days each. Dietary treatments included supplementation with either urea (1.4% dry matter [DM]) or calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (5.8% DM). Each supplement contributed 32% of the daily crude protein supply (12% of DM). Intake, nutrient digestibility, N balance, ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles, and plasma fluxes of urea-N and phenylalanine were not affected by NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> supplementation, with a trend (<i>p</i> = 0.075) toward reduced DM digestibility. Ruminal ammonia-N (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and plasma urea-N (<i>p</i> < 0.001) concentrations were lower, whereas ruminal NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N (<i>p</i> = 0.045) and plasma glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol concentrations were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.001) with NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> supplementation compared to urea. These results demonstrate that NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> can substitute for urea as an NPN source without affecting intake, ruminal VFA profiles, and urea-N production in sheep.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145909359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiangqiang Zou, Mingyang Tan, Desheng Li, Zhaoquan Fu, Yaping Wang
{"title":"Effects of Neutral Electrolytic Water on Growth, Carcass, and Gut Microbiota of Arbor Acres Plus (AA+) Broilers","authors":"Qiangqiang Zou, Mingyang Tan, Desheng Li, Zhaoquan Fu, Yaping Wang","doi":"10.1111/asj.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of neutral electrolytic water (NEW) on the growth performance, slaughter performance, bone development, and cecum microbiome of Arbor Acres Plus (AA+) broilers. A total of 120 broilers were raised in an environmentally controlled room with four rows of battery cages, each equipped with a water line housing 30 broilers. Two lines supplied normal water (CK), and the other two supplied NEW (TRT), with 10 broilers per cage (six replicates per group) over a 42-day trial. Results showed that broilers in the TRT group had significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and lower feed consumption-to-gain ratio (F/G) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) at 22–42 and 1–42 days compared with the CK group. NEW consumption had no significant impact on slaughter performance or bone development (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The TRT group increased cecal flora diversity and abundance, with <i>Lactobacillus</i> as the dominant genus at the genus level. Correlation analysis revealed <i>Oscillospira</i> abundance was significantly positively correlated with F/G (<i>R</i> > 0.6, <i>p</i> < 0.05). <i>Lactobacillus</i> abundance was significantly positively correlated with ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (<i>R</i> > 0.6, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and significantly negatively correlated with F/G (<i>R</i> < −0.6, <i>p</i> < 0.05). In summary, NEW improved growth performance, enhanced cecal flora diversity, and increased <i>Lactobacillus</i> abundance in AA+ broilers.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145904922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Dried Soybean Curd Residue to Improve the Quality and Inhibit the Effluent of Stylo Silage","authors":"Xiang Yin, Juanyan Wu, Liying Huang, Jing Tian, Jianxia Sun, Jianguo Zhang","doi":"10.1111/asj.70142","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In tropical and subtropical regions, stylo (<i>Stylosanthes guianensis</i>) is a main silage material, but there are some problems like poor fermentation quality and effluent production during ensiling due to its high-moisture content after harvest. This study aimed to investigate the impact of incorporating dried soybean curd residue (SR) into high-moisture stylo at different percentages (0%, 3%, 6%, or 9% of fresh grass weight) to silage production. The findings revealed that adding SR, even at a 3% rate, significantly enhanced the fermentation quality and aerobic stability, and reduced the protein degradation during ensiling, compared with the control (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Effluent production resulted in the losses of dry matter and crude protein during the initial ensiling phase (3–15 days, <i>p</i> < 0.01), while no significant changes occurred during 30–60 days (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Notably, the addition of SR at a 3% rate effectively eliminated effluent production (0.00- vs. 30.4-mL·kg<sup>−1</sup> FM). These results indicate that the inclusion of SR presents a promising and efficient strategy for producing high-quality stylo silage without effluent.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145909939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a Portable Device–Based Method for Predicting Follicle Number Using Vulvar Blood Flow Volume Measurement in Cows","authors":"Megumi Nagahara, Takeshige Otoi, Momo Nakagawa, Kazuki Yoshida, Shigeki Morikawa, Kohei Torii, Oky Setyo Widodo, Mao Matsushita, Yuichiro Nakayama, Fuminori Tanihara","doi":"10.1111/asj.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Embryo recovery and transfer techniques efficiently assist superior cow selection for beef and milk production. In this study, we evaluated the use of vulvar blood flow volume (BFV) measurements obtained with a portable blood flow meter in predicting the follicle number. We explored the relationship between vulvar BFV and follicular hormone dynamics in cows. Eleven Japanese Black cows underwent superovulation treatment, after which vulvar BFV, serum estradiol (E<sub>2</sub>) and progesterone levels, and follicle number were measured. All measurements were repeated in the luteal phase (7 days before estrus), 1 and 2 days before estrus, and 2 and 7 days after estrus. The vulvar BFV was significantly elevated 1 day before estrus compared with that during the luteal phase. Furthermore, the vulvar BFV dynamics mirrored the follicle number and serum E<sub>2</sub> level, both of which were significantly elevated 1 day before estrus compared with those during the luteal phase. In addition, positive correlations were observed between vulvar BFV and follicle number, between serum E<sub>2</sub> level and follicle number, and between vulvar BFV and E<sub>2</sub> level. Thus, vulvar BFV measurements could serve as a practical and non-invasive strategy for predicting follicle number and may provide a valuable tool for farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145904689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}