The European Physical Journal C最新文献

{"title":"Shadows and optical appearance of quantum-corrected black holes illuminated by static thin accretions","authors":"Jiawei Chen,&nbsp;Jinsong Yang","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14230-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14230-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, two new quantum-corrected black hole models satisfying covariance have been proposed within the framework of effective quantum gravity. In this paper, we study how the quantum parameter <span>(zeta )</span> affects the optical properties of two quantum-corrected black hole models. We first analyze the photon sphere, critical impact parameter, and innermost stable circular orbit as <span>(zeta )</span> varies, and constrain <span>(zeta )</span> using Event Horizon Telescope data. Additionally, by employing the ray-tracing method to study photon trajectories near the two quantum-corrected black holes, we find that <span>(zeta )</span> can reduce the range of impact parameters corresponding to the photon ring and lensed ring. We then examine the optical appearance of these black holes with thin accretion disks, showing <span>(zeta )</span> significantly brightens the first model’s image but has little effect on the second. Meanwhile, we demonstrate the contributions of the transfer functions to the observed intensity of direct and lensed ring in the observer’s field of view, which has rarely been separately illustrated in previous studies. Finally, we study the optical appearance of both quantum-corrected black holes under a static spherical accretion model, with results consistent with the above. Therefore, we conclude that the second quantum-corrected black hole is almost indistinguishable from the Schwarzschild black hole, while the first quantum-corrected black hole can be distinguished from the Schwarzschild black hole through its optical appearance.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14230-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Di-(pi ^0) production and generalized distribution amplitudes at future electron-ion colliders","authors":"Bing’ang Guo,&nbsp;Jing Han,&nbsp;Ya-Ping Xie,&nbsp;Xurong Chen","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14227-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14227-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Generalized distribution amplitudes (GDAs) offer valuable insights into the three-dimensional structure of hadrons, delineating the amplitudes associated with the transition from a quark–antiquark pair to a hadron pair. Currently, hadron GDAs can be probed in electron–positron collisions, with experimental feasibility demonstrated at facilities such as Belle and BESIII. In this study, we put forth the proposition that hadron GDAs can also be investigated in electron–hadron collisions at forthcoming Electron-Ion Colliders (EICs), specifically through the subprocess <span>(gamma ^*gamma rightarrow h_1 h_2.)</span> In this framework, a quasi-real photon, emitted by the ion, exhibits a photon flux proportional to the square of the ion’s electric charge. Consequently, we anticipate that the cross sections in EICs will be substantially larger than those in electron–positron collisions. We present numerical calculations pertaining to di-<span>(pi ^0)</span> production employing the equivalent photon approximation (EPA). Our findings suggest that, within the same kinematic region, electron-proton (<i>e</i>-<i>p</i>) collisions at the EIC could yield an event rate comparable to that of Belle II, while electron-gold (<i>e</i>-Au) collisions are expected to generate an even greater number of events. This enhanced event rate facilitates a high-precision examination of di-<span>(pi ^0)</span> GDAs at the EIC.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14227-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of box diagrams for the peak of (Z_{cs}(3985)) in (e^+e^- rightarrow D^-_s D^{*0} K^+) and ( D^{*-}_s D^0 K^+)","authors":"Yuan-Xin Zheng,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Shi-Dong Liu,&nbsp;Jia-Jun Wu","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14247-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14247-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The BESIII Collaboration recently observed a charged hidden-charm structure with strangeness in the recoil mass spectrum of <span>(K^+)</span> in the processes <span>(e^+e^- rightarrow D^-_s D^{*0} K^+)</span> or <span>(D^{*-}_s D^0 K^+)</span>, named as <span>(Z_{cs}(3985)^-)</span>. Within the energy region around the peak of <span>(Z_{cs}(3985))</span>, various box diagrams are present. A systematic study of these box diagrams reveals the existence of a box singularity. Dalitz plots and invariant mass distributions of two charmed mesons from the box diagram for the processes <span>(e^+e^- rightarrow D^-_s D^{*0} K^+)</span> and <span>(D^{*-}_s D^0 K^+)</span> are presented at five energy points <span>(sqrt{s} = 4.628,,4.641,,4.661,,4.681)</span>, and 4.698 GeV. It is found that these box diagrams can generate peaks similar to those observed in experiments, suggesting that the peak of <span>(Z_{cs}(3985))</span> may be attributed to the box singularity contribution. Additionally, slight differences in the invariant mass spectra of <span>(D^-_s D^{*0})</span> and <span>(D^{*-}_s D^0 )</span> are identified based on the box diagrams, needing further experimental validation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14247-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superradiant instability of area-quantized Kerr black hole with discrete reflectivity","authors":"Zhong-Hao Luo,&nbsp;Yun-Long Zhang","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14204-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14204-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultralight bosons can condense to form the so-called scalar clouds around rotating black holes (BHs) through superradiant instabilities. When quantum effects near the Planck scale of the event horizon are considered, the classical BH is replaced by an exotic compact object, such as an area-quantized BH. In this work, we examine the superradiant instabilities of massive scalar fields around area-quantized BHs. We model the frequency-dependent reflectivity function of area-quantized BHs for massive scalar fields, which reflects the distinctive selection property of these BHs for massive scalar fields. We then utilize this model to investigate the case that the scalar fields can be superradiated by area-quantized BHs. We find that the area quantization of BHs can affect the formation and effective radius, and suppress the total mass of scalar clouds. Especially, the energy gap of area-quantized BHs can break the growth continuity of scalar clouds between different modes. These are distinct from the case of classical BHs.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14204-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Klein–Gordon bosonic fields in the Bonnor–Melvin spacetime with a cosmological constant in rainbow gravity: Bonnor–Melvin domain walls","authors":"Omar Mustafa,&nbsp;Abdullah Guvendi","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14201-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14201-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the effect of rainbow gravity on Klein–Gordon (KG) bosons in the background of the magnetized Bonnor–Melvin (BM) spacetime with a cosmological constant. We first show that the very existence of the sinusoidal term <span>(sin ^2(sqrt{2Lambda }r))</span>, in the BM space-time metric, suggests that <span>(sin ^2(sqrt{2Lambda }r) in [0,1],)</span> which consequently restricts the range of the radial coordinate <span>(r)</span> to <span>(r in [0,pi /sqrt{2Lambda }])</span>. Moreover, we show that at <span>(r = 0)</span> and <span>(r = pi /sqrt{2Lambda })</span>, the magnetized BM-spacetime introduces domain walls (infinitely impenetrable hard walls) within which the KG bosonic fields are allowed to move. Interestingly, the magnetized BM-spacetime introduces not only two domain walls but a series of domain walls. However, we focus on the range <span>(r in [0,pi /sqrt{2Lambda }])</span>. A quantum particle remains indefinitely confined within this range and cannot be found elsewhere. Based on these findings, we report the effects of rainbow gravity on KG bosonic fields in BM-spacetime. We use three pairs of rainbow functions: <span>( f(chi ) = frac{1}{1 - tilde{beta } |E|}, , h(chi ) = 1 )</span>; <span>( f(chi ) = (1 - tilde{beta } |E|)^{-1}, , h(chi ) = 1 )</span>; and <span>( f(chi ) = 1, , h(chi ) = sqrt{1 - tilde{beta } |E|^upsilon } )</span>, with <span>(upsilon = 1,2)</span>. Here, <span>(chi = |E| / E_p)</span>, <span>(tilde{beta } = beta / E_p)</span>, and <span>(beta )</span> is the rainbow parameter. We found that while the pairs <span>((f,h))</span> in the first and third cases fully comply with the theory of rainbow gravity and ensure that <span>(E_p)</span> is the maximum possible energy for particles and antiparticles, the second pair does not show any response to the effects of rainbow gravity. Moreover, the fascinating properties of this magnetized spacetime background can be useful for modeling magnetic domain walls in condensed matter systems. We show that the corresponding bosonic states can form magnetized, spinning vortices in monolayer materials, and these vortices can be driven by adjusting an out-of-plane aligned magnetic field.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14201-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VAIM-CFF: a variational autoencoder inverse mapper solution to Compton form factor extraction from deeply virtual exclusive reactions","authors":"Manal Almaeen,&nbsp;Tareq Alghamdi,&nbsp;Brandon Kriesten,&nbsp;Douglas Adams,&nbsp;Yaohang Li,&nbsp;Huey-Wen Lin,&nbsp;Simonetta Liuti","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14091-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14091-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We develop a new methodology for extracting Compton form factors (CFFs) from deeply virtual exclusive reactions such as the unpolarized DVCS cross section using a specialized inverse problem solver, a variational autoencoder inverse mapper (VAIM). The VAIM-CFF framework not only allows us access to a fitted solution set possibly containing multiple solutions in the extraction of all 8 CFFs from a single cross section measurement, but also accesses the lost information contained in the forward mapping from CFFs to cross section. We investigate various assumptions and their effects on the predicted CFFs such as cross section organization, number of extracted CFFs, use of uncertainty quantification technique, and inclusion of prior physics information. We then use dimensionality reduction techniques such as principal component analysis to visualize the missing physics information tracked in the latent space of the VAIM framework. Through re-framing the extraction of CFFs as an inverse problem, we gain access to fundamental properties of the problem not comprehensible in standard fitting methodologies: exploring the limits of the information encoded in deeply virtual exclusive experiments.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14091-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six-dimensional light-front Wigner distributions of the proton","authors":"Yirui Yang,&nbsp;Tianbo Liu,&nbsp;Bo-Qiang Ma","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14216-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14216-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate six-dimensional quark Wigner distributions of the proton in a light-front quark spectator-diquark model. Benefiting from the light-front boost-invariant longitudinal variable <span>(tilde{z})</span>, these light-front Wigner distributions provide complete information of parton distribution in the phase space and the correlation with spins. At the leading twist, one can define 16 independent distribution functions in according to different combinations of quark and proton polarizations. Numerical results of all these Wigner distributions are presented, unraveling rich structures of the proton, which may potentially provide new observables to be explored at future experiments.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14216-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hawking radiation in Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity","authors":"Waheed A. Dar,&nbsp;Prince A. Ganai,&nbsp;Nirmalya Kajuri","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14198-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14198-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we study Hawking radiation in Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity for minimally coupled massless and massive scalar fields. We employ a holography-inspired technique to derive the Bogoliubov coefficients. We consider both black holes in equilibrium and black holes attached to a bath. In the latter case, we compute semiclassical deviations from the thermal spectrum.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14198-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A package for renormalization group running in the SMEFT with sterile neutrinos","authors":"Jason Aebischer,&nbsp;Tejhas Kapoor,&nbsp;Jacky Kumar","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14127-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14127-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sterile neutrinos are well-motivated beyond the Standard Model (BSM) particles. The Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) augmented with these new fields is known as the <span>(nu )</span>SMEFT. We present the first code for solving the renormalization group equations (RGEs) of the <span>(nu )</span>SMEFT in an automated way. For this purpose, we have implemented the <span>(nu )</span>SMEFT as a new effective field theory (EFT) in the Wilson coefficient exchange format <span>WCxf</span>. Furthermore, we included anomalous dimensions depending on the gauge couplings and Yukawas in the python package <span>wilson</span>. This novel version of <span>wilson</span> allows a consistent inclusion of <span>(nu )</span>SMEFT renormalization group (RG) running effects above the electroweak (EW) scale in phenomenological studies involving sterile neutrinos. Moreover, this new release allows us to study EW, strong, and Yukawa running effects separately within the SMEFT.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14127-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring vector-like top quark pair production via charged Higgs decays in multi-b-jet and opposite-sign dilepton final state at the LHC","authors":"R. Benbrik,&nbsp;M. Berrouj,&nbsp;M. Boukidi,&nbsp;K. Kahime","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14237-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14237-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the discovery prospects of a vector-like top partner (VLT) in the Type-II Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM-II) extended by a vector-like quark (VLQ) doublet (<i>TB</i>) at the 14 TeV Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this work, the VLT is pair-produced via <span>(pp rightarrow Tbar{T})</span> and predominantly decays through the cascade <span>(T rightarrow H^+ b rightarrow t b b)</span>, with the top quark decaying leptonically. The resulting final state, comprising an opposite-sign lepton pair and multiple <i>b</i>-jets, offers a clean experimental signature. We evaluate the discovery significance as a function of the VLT and charged Higgs masses, integrated luminosity, and background systematic uncertainties. For <span>(m_{H^pm } = 600)</span> GeV and 5% systematic uncertainty, a <span>(5sigma )</span> discovery is achievable for <span>(m_T lesssim 1300)</span> GeV with 300 fb<span>(^{-1})</span> luminosity. At higher luminosities of 1000 and 3000 fb<span>(^{-1})</span>, the reach extends to 1500–1600 GeV, depending on the level of systematic uncertainty. While heavier <span>(H^pm )</span> masses reduce sensitivity, discovery remains attainable at high luminosity.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14237-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}