The European Physical Journal B最新文献

{"title":"Comparative study on the structural and optical properties of MgAl2O4: Pr3+ and BaAl2O4: Pr3+ nanophosphors","authors":"V. T. Jisha,&nbsp;R. Meenakshi,&nbsp;K. Jayasree","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01126-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01126-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Praseodymium (Pr³⁺) doped magnesium aluminate (MgAl₂O₄) and barium aluminate (BaAl₂O₄) nanophosphors were synthesised via the sol–gel method. XRD confirmed the formation of single<b>-</b>phase aluminate structures with average crystallite sizes of 18 nm and 15 nm for MgAl₂O₄: Pr³⁺ and BaAl₂O₄: Pr³⁺, respectively. MgAl₂O₄: Pr³⁺ shows irregular, densely packed grains with rough surfaces, while BaAl₂O₄: Pr³⁺ consists of smaller, nearly spherical particles with uniform distribution and minimal agglomeration. Absorption studies for both samples exhibited broad bands in the 600–700 nm range, indicating strong coupling with the host lattices. PL spectra demonstrated host<b>-</b>dependent emission characteristics. MgAl₂O₄: Pr³⁺ showed intense red emissions with peaks at 650 nm (³P₀ → ³F₂) and 710 nm (³P₀ → ³F₃) emissions, while BaAl₂O₄: Pr³⁺ exhibited prominent blue emission at 490 nm (³P₀ → ³H₄) along with weaker green<b>-</b>yellow emissions in the 530–580 nm. These unique emission properties highlight MgAl₂O₄: Pr³⁺ as a promising red<b>-</b>emitting phosphor, while BaAl₂O₄: Pr³⁺ can be used for blue<b>-</b>emitting applications in solid<b>-</b>state lighting and optoelectronic devices.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146082554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and ion transport in lithium silicates: insights from molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Lien Thi Pham,&nbsp;Thao Thi Nguyen,&nbsp;Hung Khac Pham","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01120-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01120-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is conducted to investigate the structure and diffusion in lithium silicate glasses. The density, atomic-pair distances, average partial coordination number, radial distribution function (RDF), and structure factor (SF) as obtained from simulation show a good agreement with experiment. The result shows that during 150 ps, unlike Si and O, Li atoms move between coordination cells (CCs). The average lifetime of LiNBO linkage is significantly larger than that of LiBO linkage. The diffusion constant (<i>D</i>) is expressed by the rate of creating linkages, mean square displacement (MSD) per oxygen, and correlation factor (<span>({v}_{text{CLink}})</span>, <span>({d}_{O}^{2})</span> and <span>(F)</span>).</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146027449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Janus ZrFX (X = Cl, Br, I) monolayers with giant vertical piezoelectricity exhibiting electronegativity difference ratio effect","authors":"Shou-Xin Cui,&nbsp;Biao Ma,&nbsp;Bao Zhao,&nbsp;Jun Li","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01123-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01123-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The advancement of piezoelectric materials is often constrained by insufficient understanding of their internal mechanisms and limited out-of-plane piezoelectric response. In this work, Janus ZrFX (X = Cl, Br, or I) monolayers are proposed, and their stress and strain piezoelectric coefficients are systematically investigated. The structural stability of these monolayers is confirmed through analyses of dynamic, thermodynamic, and mechanical properties. The results reveal that breaking mirror symmetry in these structures leads to remarkable vertical piezoelectricity, with piezoelectric strain coefficients exceeding those of other Janus materials by two to three orders of magnitude. The significant enhancement is explained by Bader charge and electronegativity difference ratios. The larger the electronegativity difference ratio is, the stronger the piezoelectricity will be. Furthermore, the superior vertical piezoelectric performance is associated with strong built-in electric fields and high Born effective charges of halogen atoms, providing deeper insight into the underlying physical origin. Additionally, ZrFX monolayers exhibit an intrinsic coupling between piezoelectricity and carrier transport, where a weaker polarization field correlates with higher hole mobility. This study not only identifies promising candidates for energy conversion and tactile sensing but also lays a theoretical foundation for the design of advanced nanoscale piezoelectric devices.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Certified three-dimensional Ising critical exponents from harmonized bootstrap series and interval Monte Carlo","authors":"Seer Kai","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01109-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01109-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rigorous, machine-checkable intervals for the critical exponents of the three-dimensional Ising universality class are established through a certificate-first methodology. Specifically, the objective is mathematical certainty for <i>β</i>, <i>ν</i>, <i>η</i>, and <i>ω</i>—rigorous enclosures rather than point estimates. This approach unifies conformal bootstrap, Borel-conformal resummation of perturbative and high-temperature series, and interval Monte Carlo under a single acceptance rule with machine-checkable certificates. Bootstrap islands for the leading operators are reconstructed using exact rational functionals, accompanied by feasibility or refutation logs, then mapped to exponents via exact scaling relations. Series expansions are resummed via Borel-conformal maps under explicit Gevrey control, yielding tail bounds and parameter boxes for rigorous enclosures. Monte Carlo outputs are enclosed using interval and ball arithmetic, combined with autocorrelation-aware concentration inequalities and finite-size scaling that incorporates verified crossings and sandwich fits. A topology-aware reconciliation enforces equality on overlaps and prevents cyclic tightening; acceptance requires unanimity across all anchors, subject to veto by any certified refutation. The main result is a theorem-level statement: the exponent set lies in the nonempty intersection of three independently certified boxes. The certified intervals are <span>(upbeta in [text{0.32635,0.32650}])</span>, <span>(upnu in [text{0.62990,0.63005}])</span>, <span>(upeta in [text{0.03620,0.03640}])</span>, and <span>(upomega in [text{0.829,0.833}])</span> (closed, outward-rounded). These intervals match the sharpest values in the literature while providing solver-independent proofs and reproducible artifacts; they offer a transferable blueprint for other universality classes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146027109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition metal (Ti, Zr, Pd, Pt) doping on boron nitride nanotubes for enhanced curcumin binding: A theoretical insight","authors":"Banchob Wanno,&nbsp;Chatthai Kaewtong,&nbsp;Wandee Rakrai,&nbsp;Chanukorn Tabtimsai,&nbsp;Thanawat Somtua","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01107-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01107-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detection and adsorption behavior of the curcumin molecule on pristine boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) and transition metal (TM = Ti, Zr, Pd, and Pt)-doped (5,5) armchair BNNT was investigated using a density functional theory (DFT) analysis. Structural, energetic, and electronic properties of pristine and TM-doped BNNT, as well as their complexes with curcumin, were systematically investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery or sensing materials. The computed results display that the adsorption processes for all curcumin/BNNT and curcumin/TM-doped BNNT complexes are exothermic reaction. Two adsorption sites on the curcumin molecule were analyzed: the M site (central carbonyl and hydroxyl groups) and the H site (terminal phenolic OH and methoxy groups). Whereas pristine BNNT shows weak interactions at both sites, TM-doped BNNTs exhibit strong binding, particularly at the M site, in both gas and aqueous phases. A short adsorption distance and substantial charge transfer indicate a strong adsorption ability of the TM-doped BNNTs toward the curcumin molecule. The electronic structures of both pristine BNNT and TM-doped BNNTs are altered upon curcumin adsorption, as evidenced by changes in the energy gap, quantum molecular descriptors, and density of states plots. Therefore, the TM-doped BNNTs serve as a promising material for the delivery and sensing of curcumin molecule.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear approximations of large deviations: cubic diffusion test","authors":"Pelerine Tsobgni Nyawo,&nbsp;Hugo Touchette","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01108-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01108-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We propose a method for approximating the large deviation rate function of time-integrated observables of diffusion processes, used in statistical physics to characterize the fluctuations of nonequilibrium systems. The method is based on linearizing the effective process associated with the large deviations of the process and observable considered, and is tested for a simple one-dimensional nonlinear diffusion model involving a cubic drift. The results show that the linear approximation compares well with the exact rate function, especially in the large fluctuation regime, and that its accuracy is related to the way the linearized process localizes in space. Possible extensions and applications to more complex diffusion models are proposed for future work.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145982822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exceptional low-temperature thermoelectric performance and spintronic properties of quaternary Heusler alloys LiXFeSb (X = Ba, Sr)","authors":"Abhinav Nag,&nbsp;Anuja Kumari,&nbsp;Vaneet Kumar,&nbsp;Jagdish Kumar","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01113-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01113-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The exploration of novel materials with half-metallic characteristics is essential for the advancement of both spintronic and thermoelectric technologies. In this study, we employ first-principles density functional theory to investigate the structural, electronic, magnetic, and thermoelectric properties of quaternary Heusler alloys LiXFeSb (X = Ba, Sr). Our calculations reveal that both the compounds crystallize in a stable type-I phase with F-43 m symmetry and exhibit ferromagnetic ground states, with total magnetic moments of 2.00 μB for LiBaFeSb and 1.99 μB for LiSrFeSb. The spin-resolved band structures confirm their half-metallic nature, with bandgaps of 0.47 eV (LiBaFeSb) and 0.2 eV (LiSrFeSb) in the up-spin channel and metallic character in the down-spin channel, resulting in 100% spin polarization. Importantly, thermoelectric analysis using the semi-classical Boltzmann transport theory and the Slack model shows that LiBaFeSb achieves a remarkable ZT ≈ 1.0 at 100 K in the up-spin channel, a rare feature for Heusler systems in the cryogenic regime. LiSrFeSb, on the other hand, exhibits ZT ≈ 0.63 at 800 K, demonstrating its potential at elevated temperatures. These results highlight the exceptional low-temperature thermoelectric efficiency and full spin polarization of LiBaFeSb, positioning the LiXFeSb family as a promising platform for multifunctional spin-caloritronic applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145982927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of PCBM electron transport layer (ETL) by potassium iodide in inverted type perovskite solar cells","authors":"Pelin Kavak","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01114-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01114-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past decade, perovskite solar cells have garnered significant attention owing to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. The performance of perovskite solar cells is highly dependent on the efficient operation of both hole transport layers and electron transport layers, making the selection of cost-effective and compatible charge transport materials critically important. Phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is widely utilized as an electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells; however, several limitations persist, including low electron mobility, challenges in the deposition of uniform and high-quality films, and considerable interfacial recombination losses. In this study, potassium iodide (KI) doping of PCBM was investigated to enhance the photovoltaic parameters of perovskite solar cells. The incorporation of KI was found to enhance photovoltaic performance by optimizing surface morphology. Characterization techniques such as space charge limited current (SCLC) measurements confirmed a decrease in trap-state density within the perovskite layer, thereby mitigating charge recombination and contributing to improved device efficiency.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><p>Device fabrication under ambient air</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145909025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superconducting flux pumping for the high-field HTS magnet: the state of the art","authors":"Gengyao Li,&nbsp;Chao Li,&nbsp;Ying Xin,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01092-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01092-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets are promising in high-field applications. However, due to inevitable joint resistance, HTS magnets still face challenges in maintaining a persistent current in their closed-loop operation. HTS flux pumps are devices that can charge closed HTS magnets wirelessly in the way of electromagnetic coupling. Thus, high-capacity DC power supplies and thick resistive current leads, which are generally used for charging superconducting magnets, can be replaced by HTS flux pumps. Hence, on the one hand, the extra heat load caused by the resistive current leads are avoided, improving the safety operation of HTS magnets. On the other hand, the cost of charging HTS magnets can be reduced. In this review, published works about HTS flux pumps and dynamic resistance are summarized. These studies have laid a foundation for the follow-up researches of flux pumps applied in high-field HTS magnets.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145909023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of anisotropy on the overall fluctuation instability of the interface morphology of deep cellular crystal","authors":"Kai Chen,&nbsp;Han Jiang","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01110-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01110-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we constructed a mathematical model of deep cellular crystal growth under anisotropic surface tension and anisotropic interface kinetics during directional solidification. Using the multivariate expansion method and the matched asymptotic expansion method, the dispersion relation of the rate of change of the perturbation amplitude at the deep cellular crystal interface and the quantization condition of the interface morphology are deduced, analyzed the stability of the growth of deep cellular crystal under the influence of anisotropic surface tension and anisotropic interface kinetics in the directional solidification, and revealed the influence of anisotropic parameters on the size of the unstable region. The results show that in the directional solidification considering anisotropic surface tension and anisotropic interface kinetics, there are two overall instability mechanisms for the morphology of deep cellular crystal growth interfaces: global oscillatory (GTW) instability and low-frequency (LF) instability. The stability analysis shows that the anisotropic surface tension and anisotropic interface kinetics have a significant effect on the global oscillatory instability mechanism in the low-order approximation. As the anisotropy parameter increases, the stable region of global oscillatory instability gradually expands. Relatively, the influence of the anisotropic interface kinetics parameter on the overall fluctuation instability of the interface morphology is more remarkable than the anisotropic surface tension parameter.</p><h3>Graphical abstracts</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div><p>These two images respectively depict the curves of the zeroth-order and first-order approximation GTW-S neutral modes under the influence of anisotropic surface tension parameters and anisotropic interface kinetics parameters. Comparison reveals that the critical stability parameter under the first-order approximation is smaller than that under the zeroth-order approximation. In both cases, the <span>(n = 0)</span> mode represents the most unstable state.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div><p>These two images display the curves of the first-order approximation GTW-S neutral modes for <span>(n = 0)</span>. With increasing anisotropic parameters, the stable region associated with the overall oscillatory instability of highly oscillatory dendritic structures expands. The influence of the anisotropic interface kinetics parameter on the overall fluctuation instability of the interface morphology is more remarkable than the anisotropic surface tension parameter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145909026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}