The European Physical Journal A最新文献

{"title":"Detectors and front-end electronics for nuclear physics research at IUAC","authors":"Akhil Jhingan,&nbsp;E. T. Subramaniam,&nbsp;S. Venkataramanan","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01526-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01526-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We review the developmental activities in the field of radiation detectors and coupled instrumentation/electronics at IUAC (formerly NSC). The facility focuses on nuclear reaction and structure studies around the Coulomb barrier using ion beams from the accelerator. To execute these experiments, IUAC has a detector development program for preparing detector systems based on position sensitive fast timing proportional/avalanche counters, particle identification detectors such as segmented ionization chambers, hybrid gas-silicon telescopes, segmented and resistive position sensitive silicon detectors, and scintillators for light-charged particle, neutron and γ-<i>ray</i> detection, and germanium detectors for high resolution γ-<i>ray</i> spectroscopy. This is further exalted by a strong front-end electronics development program for detector signal processing. Different types of stand-alone and multi-channel low noise preamplifiers (charge sensitive and fast timing), spectroscopy amplifiers, discriminators, logic units, etc. have been developed. Customized high resolution analog to digital converters, trigger generator cum event identifier module for handling trigger signals for multi-detector arrays, crate controllers, synchronizing and time stamping units have been developed in CAMAC as well as VME standards for the data acquisition system. This nuclear instrumentation has been routinely used to perform experiments of fusion and fusion-fission dynamics, and nuclear spectroscopy using the facilities of recoil mass spectrometers, scattering chamber, neutron and gamma detector arrays etc. New detector systems are being planned and developed for these facilities as well as for the future international facilities such as NUSTAR. This article describes an overview of detector instrumentation activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01526-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of centrifugal potential on (alpha ) decay properties","authors":"Jia-Jia Liu,&nbsp;Shi-Hui Cheng,&nbsp;Wen-Ting Wu,&nbsp;Feng-Shou Zhang","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01541-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01541-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The centrifugal potential has a significant impact on the total potential of the <span>(alpha )</span> decay system. But it is always ignored in many models and semi-empirical formulas. In this work, an improved semi-empirical formula including the contribution of centrifugal potential for <span>(alpha )</span> decay half-lives has been proposed based on the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) barrier penetration. Compared to other semi-classical formulas, the formula in this work has the smallest standard deviation. By using this formula, the <span>(alpha )</span> decay half-lives of even–even and odd-A nuclei with atomic numbers <i>Z</i> = 117, 118, 119, and 120 are predicted. The calculated <span>(alpha )</span> decay half-lives of ²⁹³Ts and ²⁹⁴Og exhibit good agreement with experimental measurements. The characteristics of predicted <span>(alpha )</span> decay energy and half-lives indicate that <i>N</i> = 184 is the next neutron magic number after <i>N</i> = 126. Finally, the competition between <span>(alpha )</span> decay and spontaneous fission is investigated. The decay modes for isotopes ^289–317Ts, ^290–318Og, ^291–319119, and ^292–320120 are also shown.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01541-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic input for modeling ionic mixtures in astrophysical plasma","authors":"S. Fritzsche","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01535-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01535-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate atomic data are known as a key ingredient for modeling the physical behavior of a wide range of plasma throughout the universe. When these data are combined with simulations of ionic mixtures, they (may) help infer the temperature, electron density, and ionization state of the plasma under non-ideal plasma conditions. We here report about an expansion of JAC, the Jena Atomic Calculator, in order to encourage the modeling of ionic mixtures and their thermodynamic properties under different plasma conditions. Whereas emphasis has first been placed upon simulations of ionic compositions in (ideal) local thermodynamic equilibrium, various features are prepared in this code to account for non-ideal conditions, such as plasma screening contributions, the ionization potential depression (IPD) or some non-classical statistics. To demonstrate these features of JAC, we have calculated the mean charge and charge-state distribution of a hot carbon plasma as well as some ionic mixture from the sun’s photosphere at selected temperatures <i>T</i> and mass densities <span>(rho _m)</span>. These computations show a significant shift in the mean charge distribution, if the IPD is incorporated by means of a Stewart–Pyatt plasma model. Since the JAC toolbox is based on Dirac’s relativistic equation, the present expansion of the code will facilitate also the treatment of ionic mixtures with medium and heavy elements as relevant for neutron-star mergers and elsewhere.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01535-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic dipole moments of the singly-heavy baryons with spin-(frac{1}{2}) and spin-(frac{3}{2})","authors":"Ulaş Özdem","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01536-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01536-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electromagnetic characteristics of singly-heavy baryons at low energies are responsive to their internal composition, structural configuration, and the associated chiral dynamics of light diquarks. To gain further insight, experimentalists attempt to measure the magnetic dipole moments of singly-charm baryons at the LHC. Given these developments, we conducted an extensive analysis of the magnetic dipole moments of both <span>(mathrm{J^P}=frac{1}{2}^+)</span> and <span>(mathrm{J^P}=frac{3}{2}^+)</span> singly-heavy baryons employing the QCD light-cone sum rules. Our findings have been compared with other phenomenological estimations that could prove a valuable supplementary resource for interpreting the singly-heavy baryon sector. To shed light on the internal structure of these baryons we study the contributions of the individual quark sectors to the magnetic dipole moments. It was observed that the magnetic dipole moments of the spin-<span>(frac{1}{2})</span> sextet singly-heavy baryons are governed by the light quarks. Conversely, the role of the heavy quark is significantly enhanced for the spin-<span>(frac{1}{2})</span> anti-triplet and spin-<span>(frac{3}{2})</span> sextet singly-heavy baryons. The contribution of light and heavy quarks is observed to have an inverse relationship. The signs of the magnetic dipole moments demonstrate the interaction of the spin degrees of freedom of the quarks. The opposing signs of the light and heavy-quark magnetic dipole moments imply that the spins of these quarks are anti-aligned concerning each other in the baryon. As a byproduct, the electric quadrupole and magnetic octupole moments of spin-<span>(frac{3}{2})</span> singly-heavy baryons are also calculated. We ascertained the existence of non-zero values for the electric quadrupole and magnetic octupole moments of these baryons, indicative of a non-spherical charge distribution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01536-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutron Star Properties and Femtoscopic Constraints","authors":"I. Vidaña,&nbsp;V. Mantovani Sarti,&nbsp;J. Haidenbauer,&nbsp;D. L. Mihaylov,&nbsp;L. Fabbietti","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01539-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01539-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We construct the equation of state of hypernuclear matter and study the structure of neutron stars employing a chiral hyperon-nucleon interaction of the Jülich–Bonn group tuned to femtoscopic <span>(varLambda p)</span> data of the ALICE Collaboration, and <span>(varLambda varLambda )</span> and <span>(varXi )</span>N interactions determined from lattice QCD calculations by the HAL QCD Collaboration that reproduce the femtoscopic <span>(varLambda varLambda )</span> and <span>(varXi ^-p)</span> data. We employ the ab-initio microscopic Brueckner–Hartree–Fock theory extended to the strange baryon sector. A special focus is put on the uncertainties of the hyperon interactions and how they are effectively propagated to the composition, equation of state, mass-radius relation and tidal deformability of neutron stars. To such end, we consider the uncertainty due to the experimental error of the femtoscopic <span>(varLambda p)</span> data used to fix the chiral hyperon-nucleon interaction and the theoretical uncertainty, estimated from the residual cut-off dependence of this interaction. We find that the final maximum mass of a neutron star with hyperons is in the range 1.3–1.4 <span>(M_odot )</span>, in agreement with previous works. The hyperon puzzle, therefore, remains still an open issue if only two-body hyperon-nucleon and hyperon-hyperon interactions are considered. Predictions for the tidal deformability of neutron stars with hyperons are found to be in agreement with the observational constraints from the gravitational wave event GW170817 in the mass range 1.1–1.3 <span>(M_odot )</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical issue on radiative corrections: from medium to high energy experiments","authors":"Andrei Afanasev,&nbsp;Jan C. Bernauer,&nbsp;Ethan W. Cline,&nbsp;Ronald Gilman,&nbsp;Andre Peshier,&nbsp;Hubert Spiesberger","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01528-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01528-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton capture on (^{90})Zr revisited","authors":"A. Simon,&nbsp;J. Koros,&nbsp;O. Olivas-Gomez,&nbsp;R. Kelmar,&nbsp;E. Churchman,&nbsp;A. M. Clark,&nbsp;C. Harris,&nbsp;S. L. Henderson,&nbsp;S. E. Kelly,&nbsp;P. Millican,&nbsp;A. Palmisano-Kyle,&nbsp;C. S. Reingold,&nbsp;D. Robertson,&nbsp;E. Stech,&nbsp;A. Spyrou,&nbsp;W. P. Tan","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01521-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01521-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The <span>(^{90})</span>Zr(p,<span>(gamma )</span>)<span>(^{91})</span>Nb reaction is one of the important reactions in the <span>(Aapprox 90)</span> mass region and part of the nucleosynthesis path responsible for production of <span>(^{92})</span>Mo during the <span>(gamma )</span>-process. Discrepant data in the literature provide a cross section that varies up to 30% within the Gamow window for the <span>(^{90})</span>Zr(p,<span>(gamma )</span>)<span>(^{91})</span>Nb reaction. Thus, the cross section measurements of <span>(^{90})</span>Zr(p,<span>(gamma )</span>)<span>(^{91})</span>Nb reaction were revisited using the <span>(gamma )</span>-summing technique. The results are consistent with the lower-value cross sections found in the literature. Based on the new data an updated reaction rate for <span>(^{90})</span>Zr(p,<span>(gamma )</span>)<span>(^{91})</span>Nb is provided that is up to 20% higher than that obtained from the <span>non-smoker</span> code.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01521-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon spin qubits: a viable path towards industrial manufacturing of large-scale quantum processors","authors":"Tristan Meunier,&nbsp;Nicolas Daval,&nbsp;François Perruchot,&nbsp;Maud Vinet","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01514-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01514-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on silicon, modern computers are engineered and manufactured using advanced Very-Large-Scale Integration technology (VLSI). After significant progress over a series of decades in controlling silicon-based spin qubits, researchers recently demonstrated that good spin qubits can be made out of silicon nanocircuits using the same advanced VLSI technology. This means that it may be possible to leverage all the knowledge of VLSI technology to efficiently build the future of large-scale quantum machines. In this review, we will survey the recent developments in silicon spin qubits and discuss the challenges that remain for building silicon quantum machines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01514-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel scalings of neutron star properties from analyzing dimensionless Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations","authors":"Bao-Jun Cai,&nbsp;Bao-An Li","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01507-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01507-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equations govern the radial evolution of pressure and energy density in static neutron stars (NSs) in hydrodynamical equilibrium. Using the reduced pressure and energy density with respect to the NS central energy density, the original TOV equations can be recast into dimensionless forms. While the traditionally used integral approach for solving the original TOV equations require an input nuclear Equation of State (EOS), the dimensionless TOV equations can be anatomized by using the reduced pressure and energy density as polynomials of the reduced radial coordinate without using any input nuclear EOS. It has been shown in several of our recent works that interesting and novel perspectives about NS core EOS can be extracted directly from NS observables by using the latter approach. Our approach is based on <u>i</u>ntrinsic and <u>p</u>erturbative <u>a</u>nalyses of the <u>d</u>imensionless (IPAD) TOV equations (IPAD-TOV). In this review article, we first discuss the length and energy density scales of NSs as well as the dimensionless TOV equations for scaled variables and their perturbative solutions near NS cores. We then review several new insights into NS physics gained from solving perturbatively the scaled TOV equations. Whenever appropriate, comparisons with the traditional approach from solving the original TOV equations will be made. In particular, we first show that the nonlinearity of the TOV equations basically excludes a linear EOS for dense matter in NS cores. We then show that perturbative analyses of the scaled TOV equations enable us to reveal novel scalings of the NS mass, radius and the compactness with certain combinations of the NS central pressure and energy density. Thus, observational data on either mass, radius or compactness can be used to constrain directly the core EOS of NS matter independent of the still very uncertain nuclear EOS models. As examples, the EOS of the densest visible matter in our Universe before the most massive neutron stars collapse into black holes (BHs) as well as the central EOS of a canonical or a 2.1 solar mass NS are extracted without using any nuclear EOS model. In addition, we show that causality in NSs sets an upper bound of about 0.374 for the ratio of pressure over energy density and correspondingly a lower limit for trace anomaly in supra-dense matter. We also demonstrate that the strong-field gravity plays a fundamental role in extruding a peak in the density/radius profile of the speed of sound squared (SSS) in massive NS cores independent of the nuclear EOS. Finally, some future perspectives of NS research using the new approach reviewed here by solving perturbatively the dimensionless TOV equations are outlined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01507-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photon Leading Twist Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Distributions","authors":"Satyajit Puhan,&nbsp;Narinder Kumar,&nbsp;Harleen Dahiya","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01527-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01527-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we have calculated the photon leading-twist T-even transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). For these calculations, we have treated photon as a state of quark anti-quark pair and represent the TMDs in explicit form of helicity amplitudes. We have presented all the T-even TMDs for the photon being massless (real) and massive (virtual). We have also compared our longitudinally and transversely polarized TMDs results for different photon masses. The collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs) have been predicted for both the real and virtual photon cases. The results for the unpolarized PDF of our calculations are in good agreement with other model predictions. In addition to this, we have also discussed the spin-spin correlations between the quark and photon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}