{"title":"Curved-Laser Demonstration for a Higher-Energy Laser Accelerator","authors":"Marric Stephens","doi":"10.1103/physics.16.s74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.16.s74","url":null,"abstract":"L aser wakefield accelerators (LWFAs) use laser-generated plasmas to accelerate electrons to high energies. The devices are significantly smaller than radio-frequency-based particle accelerators—centimeters versus hundreds of meters—making them less expensive, more efficient alternatives. But researchers still need to demonstrate that LWFAs can achieve particle energies that match those of their conventional counterparts. Now Xinzhe Zhu from Shanghai Jiao Tong University and colleagues have brought that goal a step closer, demonstrating a method for linking multiple LWFAs in a way that would boost their acceleration potential [1].","PeriodicalId":783,"journal":{"name":"Technical Physics","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77234083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measuring Cosmic Expansion with a Lensed Supernova","authors":"Michael Schirber","doi":"10.1103/physics.16.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.16.85","url":null,"abstract":"T his year marks the 100th anniversary of Edwin Hubble’s observation of a pulsating star called a Cepheid variable in the Andromeda nebula. The star was surprisingly faint, implying that it was very far away and that Andromeda must be a separate galaxy—the first evidence that our Milky Way is not alone. Hubble went on to uncover other galaxies and found that they were all moving away from us—a cosmic expansion characterized by the so-called Hubble constant. Astronomers have now used another star, an exploding","PeriodicalId":783,"journal":{"name":"Technical Physics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79699631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Reina, Chams Gharib Ali Barura, P. Ben-Abdallah, R. Messina
{"title":"Conduction–Radiation Coupling between Two Distant Solids Interacting in a Near-Field Regime","authors":"M. Reina, Chams Gharib Ali Barura, P. Ben-Abdallah, R. Messina","doi":"10.3390/physics5030049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/physics5030049","url":null,"abstract":"In the classical approach to dealing with near-field radiative heat exchange between two closely spaced bodies, no coupling between the different heat carriers inside the materials and thermal photons is usually considered. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of research on this coupling between solids of different sizes while paying specific attention to the impact of the conduction regime inside the solids on the conduction–radiation coupling. We describe how the shape of the solids affects this coupling, and show that it can be located at the origin of a drastic change in the temperature profiles inside each body and the heat flux exchanged between them. These results could have important implications in the fields of nanoscale thermal management, near-field solid-state cooling, and nanoscale energy conversion.","PeriodicalId":783,"journal":{"name":"Technical Physics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79006219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum Boost for Magnetic Induction Tomography","authors":"Ryan Wilkinson","doi":"10.1103/physics.16.s70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.16.s70","url":null,"abstract":"M agnetic induction tomography is a contactless, noninvasive method for mapping the electrical and magnetic properties of a material. The technique is used in geophysical surveys and in the nondestructive testing of metallic objects, and it could have various uses in medical imaging, such as for monitoring brain activity. Now Eugene Polzik and his colleagues at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark show that quantum phenomena can increase the sensitivity of magnetic induction tomography [1]. The team’s demonstration is the latest example of quantum-enhanced sensing, which has previously been illustrated in the detection of gravitational waves, for example.","PeriodicalId":783,"journal":{"name":"Technical Physics","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74433406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Testing Gravity’s Effect on Quantum Spins","authors":"D. F. Kimball","doi":"10.1103/physics.16.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.16.80","url":null,"abstract":"O ur understanding of physics is supported by two theoretical pillars. The first is quantum field theory, which underpins the standardmodel of particle physics. And the second is Einstein’s theory of general relativity, which describes the nature of gravity. Both pillars have withstood numerous stringent tests and have hadmyriad predictions spectacularly confirmed. Yet they are seemingly irreconcilable, hinting at a deeper truth. The path toward reconciling these theories is obscured by the dearth of experiments probing phenomena at the intersection of quantum physics and gravity. Now a team of researchers from","PeriodicalId":783,"journal":{"name":"Technical Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72941028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Lab Plasma Rotates and Produces Jets","authors":"R. Berkowitz","doi":"10.1103/physics.16.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.16.81","url":null,"abstract":"A strophysicists have many questions about the so-called accretion disk that forms from plasma and other matter falling into a black hole. Now researchers have generated a rotating ring of plasma in an unconfined arrangement in the lab, which will enable more realistic studies of plasma in astrophysical disks [1]. The lab plasma also produced a jet perpendicular to the disk, as real black holes do. The experiment could provide a platform for testing theories describing the evolution of astrophysical disks.","PeriodicalId":783,"journal":{"name":"Technical Physics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84954925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum Spin Hall Effect Seen in Graphene Analog","authors":"C. Day","doi":"10.1103/physics.16.s66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.16.s66","url":null,"abstract":"G raphene’s valence and conduction bands meet at a point, making the single-layer crystal a semimetal. Researchers have predicted that spin-orbit coupling of carbon’s outer electrons opens a narrow gap between these bands—but only for the crystal’s bulk. Along the edges, spin-dependent states bridge the band gap, allowing the resistance-free flow of electrons: a quantum spin Hall effect. The weakness of carbon’s spin-orbit coupling means that this quantum spin Hall effect is too fragile to observe, however. Now Pantelis Bampoulis of the University of Twente in the Netherlands and his collaborators have seen the quantum spin Hall effect in graphene’s germanium (Ge) analog, germanene [1]. Furthermore, they show that germanene’s structure—a honeycomb like graphene’s, but lightly buckled—allows the quantum spin Hall effect to be turned off and on using an electric field.","PeriodicalId":783,"journal":{"name":"Technical Physics","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80914027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proof That a Complex Quantum Network Is Truly Quantum","authors":"Marric Stephens","doi":"10.1103/physics.16.s71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.16.s71","url":null,"abstract":"I n 1964, John Stewart Bell predicted that correlations betweenmeasurements made by two parties on a pair of entangled particles could confirm the fundamental nonclassical nature of the quantumworld. In the past few years, researchers have performed various tests of Bell’s predictions that were rigorous enough to rule out classical explanations. Now researchers in China and Spain have done the same for a more complex system—a quantum network in which three parties makemeasurements on pairs of entangled particles generated by two sources [1]. The researchers say that their “stringent” confirmation of quantum phenomena is encouraging for the development of future secure quantum communication networks.","PeriodicalId":783,"journal":{"name":"Technical Physics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74013248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}