Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.)最新文献_第8页

The effect of tin protoporphyrin on the bilirubin production rate in newborn rats. 原卟啉锡对新生大鼠胆红素生成率的影响。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

B E Cowan, L K Kwong, H J Vreman, D K Stevenson

引用次数: 0

Factors associated with adverse drug reactions in the newborn. 新生儿药物不良反应的相关因素。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

J V Aranda

引用次数: 0

Acute and subchronic effects of methadone on the blood hormonal levels of pregnant and nonpregnant Charles River CD-1 mice. 美沙酮对妊娠和非妊娠Charles River CD-1小鼠血液激素水平的急性和亚慢性影响。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

Q Q Bui, M B Tran, W L West

{"title":"Acute and subchronic effects of methadone on the blood hormonal levels of pregnant and nonpregnant Charles River CD-1 mice.","authors":"Q Q Bui, M B Tran, W L West","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Blood levels of ACTH, FSH, and estriol were measured throughout the estrous cycle and estriol was determined at different stages during pregnancy in Charles River CD-1 mice treated with 10 mg/kg/day of methadone or vehicle (physiological saline). Animals received one dose in a constant volume (10 ml/kg) per day subcutaneously of either methadone or saline. Blood samples of nonpregnant mice were collected 1 hour after the first dose for acute effects and 1 hour after the last dose treatment for subchronic effects. The acute administration of methadone in nonpregnant mice produced an increase in ACTH level throughout the estrous cycle whereas subchronic treatment reduced ACTH level by 51%. Acute treatment did not alter the estriol or FSH levels whereas subchronic treatment significantly lowered estriol by 17% and FSH by 79%. Methadone injected beginning on day 1 of gestation and continued through day 15 did not produce any effect on maternal body weight or food consumption but resulted in an increase in resorption sites and decrease in implantation sites. The estriol levels in control pregnant mice were 19.8, 54.8, and 109.1 ng/ml on days 1, 10, and 15 of gestation, respectively. A significant reduction of 18.8% and 35.2% in estriol was associated with methadone treatment by days 10 and 15 of gestation, respectively. Methadone, by affecting several hormonal levels in both pregnant and nonpregnant CD-1 mice, may be responsible for some of the adverse effects on reproduction encountered in this species.","PeriodicalId":77932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"3 2","pages":"69-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17387340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neonatal metabolic effects of oral ritodrine hydrochloride administration. 口服盐酸利托君对新生儿代谢的影响。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

R D Leake, C J Hobel, D M Okada, M G Ross, P R Williams

{"title":"Neonatal metabolic effects of oral ritodrine hydrochloride administration.","authors":"R D Leake, C J Hobel, D M Okada, M G Ross, P R Williams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Neonatal hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia have been reported following maternal ritodrine administration, but no prospective controlled study of the neonatal metabolic and cardiovascular effects of maternal ritodrine is available. We conducted a double-blind prospective study in 35 patients with preterm labor and/or ruptured membranes. Patients in premature labor received ritodrine (max dose, 350 mcg/min) or a placebo intravenously for 12 hours, and then orally (20 mg every 4 hours) until labor ensued. Patients with ruptured membranes received only oral therapy. Only patients who were maintained on oral therapy for a minimum of 12 hours and who were within 6 hours of their last dose of oral therapy were included in the analysis. Glucose and insulin values in cord blood at 6 and 12 hours of age were not significantly different between the ritodrine and placebo groups. There were no hypoglycemic infants in the ritodrine group. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and blood volume were similar for ritodrine and control infants. Although premature infants are at high risk for hypoglycemia it appears from this study that chronic oral ritodrine therapy does not significantly affect neonatal glucose homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":77932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"3 2","pages":"101-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17431414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Absorption of orally administered gentamicin in infants with diarrhea. 腹泻婴儿口服庆大霉素的吸收。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

O Gemer, E Zaltztein, R Gorodischer

引用次数: 0

Modified pharmacokinetics of I-asparaginase from E coli by formation of specific antibodies to I-Asparaginase of different immunoglobulin classes in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. 不同免疫球蛋白类i -天冬酰胺酶特异性抗体对急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿大肠杆菌i -天冬酰胺酶药代动力学的影响

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

V Wahn, U Fabry, D Körholz, D Reinhardt, H Jürgens, U Göbel

{"title":"Modified pharmacokinetics of I-asparaginase from E coli by formation of specific antibodies to I-Asparaginase of different immunoglobulin classes in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.","authors":"V Wahn, U Fabry, D Körholz, D Reinhardt, H Jürgens, U Göbel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty-four children (2-15 years old) with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were treated intravenously with 1-Asparaginase (1-Asp) isolated from E coli at a dose of 3,000 U/kg body weight four times every third day as part of a standard chemotherapy protocol. Sera of patients were obtained prior to each infusion, immediately following each infusion, and at defined intervals (2, 4, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours postinfusion) and assayed for 1-Asp enzymatic activity.1-Asp antigen, and anti-1-Asp antibodies. Results indicate that the in-vivo elimination half-life of 1-Asp activity in patients with no demonstrable specific antibody is approximately 5.5 hours. Half-life of enzymatic activity in patients with a moderately high level of specific antibodies (pre-infusion) was prolonged (approximately 7.0 hours) in comparison to the group with no specific antibodies. In patients with very high levels of specific antibodies several infusions could not be completed because of apparent anaphylactic reactions. In-vitro studies showed that experimental immune complexes made of 1-Asp and the IgG-fraction of a rabbit-anti-1-Asp antibody under conditions of antigen excess still exhibit enzymatic activity. On the basis of this observation we conclude that specific antibodies to 1-Asp in vitro and, most likely, in vivo do not inactivate the drug but may lead to either delayed elimination of enzyme activity or, in the presence of high levels of specific antibodies, anaphylactic reaction.","PeriodicalId":77932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"3 3-4","pages":"303-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17438141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of catecholamine biosynthesis by carbidopa and metyrosine in neuroblastoma. 卡比多巴和甲基酪氨酸对神经母细胞瘤中儿茶酚胺生物合成的抑制作用。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

A H Anton, R S Crumrine, R C Stern, R J Izant

引用次数: 0

Influence of beta-receptor-agonists and glucocorticoids on alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors of isolated blood cells from asthmatic children. 受体激动剂和糖皮质激素对哮喘患儿分离血细胞α和β肾上腺素受体的影响。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

D Reinhardt, B Becker, M Nagel-Hiemke, R Schiffer, T Zehmisch

{"title":"Influence of beta-receptor-agonists and glucocorticoids on alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors of isolated blood cells from asthmatic children.","authors":"D Reinhardt, B Becker, M Nagel-Hiemke, R Schiffer, T Zehmisch","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The most attractive \"adrenergic theory\" has proposed that in asthmatic patients the bronchial hyperreactivity might be caused by a decreased beta-receptor and an increased alpha-receptor responsiveness. Based upon the assumption that an abnormality of adrenergic receptors might be a general phenomenon, we have performed receptor-binding studies on lymphocytes and thrombocytes from asthmatic children who had and had not undergone treatment with beta-receptor agonists and/or glucocorticoids. Iodo-cyano-pindolol and tritium-labeled yohimbine were used as beta- and alpha-receptor ligands. The following results have been obtained: 1) The number and affinity of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors on thrombocytes and lymphocytes showed no significant differences in asthmatic children and their age-matched controls. 2) In vivo treatment of asthmatic children with beta-receptor agonists immediately reduced the number of beta-receptors (\"down regulation\"). A reversal of the number of beta-receptors occurred within 1 day after cessation of the therapy. Although it appeared that some asthmatics with severe asthma have a reduced number of beta-receptors, in vivo treatment with beta-receptor agonists thus might mimic a beta-receptor blockade. 3) High-dose treatment with glucocorticoids increased the number of beta-receptors but left the alpha-receptors unaffected.","PeriodicalId":77932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"3 3-4","pages":"293-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17391115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chlorpromazine excretion by the neonate following chronic in utero exposure. 慢性子宫内接触氯丙嗪后新生儿的排泄。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

H C Nielsen, S Wiriyathian, R Rosenfeld, K Leveno, J C Garriott

引用次数: 0

Midtrimester thyroidectomy in the ovine fetus. 妊娠中期绵羊胎儿甲状腺切除术。

Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1983-01-01

J Ayromlooi, P D Berg, E Valderrama, M D Tobias

{"title":"Midtrimester thyroidectomy in the ovine fetus.","authors":"J Ayromlooi, P D Berg, E Valderrama, M D Tobias","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Six lamb fetuses at 63-101 days gestation had thyroidectomy (Thx) and were investigated at term for weights, radiologic study, serum thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations (TSH), electron-microscopic lung examination, acid base, blood flow, EEG, and brain metabolism. Compared to age-matched controls, body weight was significantly reduced (P less than .025). Brain and lung weights were reduced but not significantly. Brain weight as a percent of body weight was significantly increased in Thx fetuses (Thx = 1.85% +/- 0.18; control = 1.41% +/- 0.08; P less than .025). Hemoglobin was reduced (P less than .025), as was O2 content (P less than .005) and cerebral blood flow (P less than .05). Fetal T4 was low (Thx = 4.1 +/- 1.7 microgram %, control = 9.4 +/- 1.3 microgram %); (P less than .05). Fetal Thx cortisol, calcium, phosphate, glucose, lactate, pH, pO2, pCO2, O2 saturation, heart rate, and blood pressure remained unchanged. Thx-fetal brain O2 consumption and glucose consumption, as well as lactate production, were unchanged. EEG showed no consistent pattern of change regarding maturity, but did show immaturity with the two lowest T4 levels. Bone microradiographs showed growth and maturity retardation, specifically delayed epiphyseal closure, endochrondral ossification, and lack of secondary ossification centers in Thx fetuses. Electron-microscopic examination of lung showed Thx fetuses had fewer lamellar bodies in type II cells, fewer type II cells, and more glycogen granules. Thx causes fetal reduction of T4 and anemia, delays lung maturation and bone growth and maturation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric pharmacology (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"3 1","pages":"15-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17702178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0