Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982)最新文献

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Environmental antecedents which affect management and maintenance of programs for self-injurious behavior. 影响自我伤害行为计划管理和维护的环境前因。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1982-01-01

S R Schroeder, R C Kanoy, J A Mulick, J Rojahn, S J Thios, M Stephens, B Hawk

{"title":"Environmental antecedents which affect management and maintenance of programs for self-injurious behavior.","authors":"S R Schroeder, R C Kanoy, J A Mulick, J Rojahn, S J Thios, M Stephens, B Hawk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the effects of several environmental variables on the management and maintenance of a treatment program for self-injurious behavior (SIB) in residents in a state facility for retarded persons. Fifteen of the clients who participated in a developmental day-care program were compared across the final four months of the program and then at follow-up two years later. Twelve additional clients who were treated in the overall SIB program did not receive the day-care component, but were included in the follow-up study. Regarding program management, the effects of time, staff-initiated interactions, the presence of a newcomer or disruptive client, and medication changes on the behaviors of the 15 clients in the day-care program were assessed from an ecobehavioral approach. Participants in the follow-up study were compared with respect to the type of SIB program they received, the staff-patient ratio in their program, their visual impairment, use of self-protective devices, presence of stimulating material, and time-of-day observed. These issues are discussed in relation to program maintenance.","PeriodicalId":77876,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18182492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The etiology and management of rumination and psychogenic vomiting: a review. 反刍和心因性呕吐的病因及治疗综述。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1982-01-01

J F Holvoet

引用次数: 0

Nonaversive treatment of severe self-injurious behavior: multiple replications with DRO and DRI. 严重自伤行为的非厌恶治疗:DRO和DRI的多重重复。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1982-01-01

D Nolley, B Butterfield, A Fleming, P Muller

{"title":"Nonaversive treatment of severe self-injurious behavior: multiple replications with DRO and DRI.","authors":"D Nolley, B Butterfield, A Fleming, P Muller","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Sixteen severely self-injurious residents of a state mental retardation facility were treated with conventional, non-aversive behavior modification techniques by the same staff over a four-year period. Although each resident had performed multiple self-injuries prior to treatment, including blindness, multiple permanent scars, punctured eardrums, etc., 12 of the 16 improved in terms of decreased frequency of self-injurious behavior (SIB) and decreased frequency of measurable physical injury; of these, seven ceased SIB altogether. Each resident's treatment was unique, which necessitated unique analyses of controlling antecedents and maintaining consequences. Two exclusive types of self-injurious residents became evident: a) those whose SIB was maintained by socially reinforcing consequences and b) those whose SIB was maintained by escape contingencies. The study suggests that in agencies where intensely aversive techniques cannot be used to treat SIB, occasional restraint control of behavior can be combined with intensive differential reinforcement of other (DRO) or incompatible (DRI) behavior to produce an extended but satisfactory probability of successful treatment. Similar to published results from intensely aversive treatment, mildly aversive treatment, which largely depended upon positive reinforcement of desirable alternative behaviors, did not completely suppress the most severe SIB.","PeriodicalId":77876,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18182493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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