Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982)最新文献

The assessment of neurotoxicity in children. Electrophysiological methods. 儿童神经毒性的评估。电生理学方法。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1987-01-01

D A Otto

引用次数: 0

Fetal alcohol. Teratogenic causes of developmental disabilities. 胎儿酒精。发育障碍的致畸原因。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1987-01-01

A P Streissguth, R A LaDue

{"title":"Fetal alcohol. Teratogenic causes of developmental disabilities.","authors":"A P Streissguth, R A LaDue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE) are preventable forms of mental retardation and developmental disability caused by heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Our best evidence of the overall prevalence of FAS is around 1 in 750 live births, but this figure will vary according to the drinking habits of the community and the diagnostic skills and interests of local physicians. It is likely that many infants are born with FAS or FAE, are never recognized as such, and are never properly diagnosed or evaluated. Other diagnoses that are sometimes confused with FAS include Noonan syndrome and William syndrome. More often, children with milder FAS or FAE go unrecognized. Careful evaluation of possible maternal alcohol abuse during pregnancy can be an important factor in differential diagnosis and proper case management. Alcohol is a teratogenic drug that can produce a wide variety of deficits from prenatal exposure, depending on the dose, timing, and conditions of exposure, as well as on individual differences in sensitivity on the part of the mother and the child. Not all children who are exposed are affected. Perhaps 30-40% of the children of chronic alcoholic mothers who were drinking during pregnancy will have FAS. These children are at high risk for mental retardation or developmental disability. Even within this group, however, there can be large individual differences in eventual outcome. Prognosis involves an interaction between the extent of the damage and the stability and structure of the environment. Children whose mothers were abusing alcohol during pregnancy can be at risk for various learning and attentional problems even without FAS, but in the absence of morphologic effects, the diagnostic and prognostic picture is less clear. Systematic efforts toward both prevention and intervention can assure that each child develops to his or her own best potential.","PeriodicalId":77876,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14735015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Life expectancy and mental retardation. A longitudinal study in a state residential facility. 预期寿命和智力低下。一项对州立住宅设施的纵向研究。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1987-01-01

R K Eyman, H J Grossman, G Tarjan, C R Miller

引用次数: 0

Fetal antigenicity and maternal immunoreactivity. Factors in mental retardation. 胎儿抗原性和母体免疫反应性。智力迟钝的因素。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1987-01-01

C T Gualtieri

{"title":"Fetal antigenicity and maternal immunoreactivity. Factors in mental retardation.","authors":"C T Gualtieri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The IMRT draws from a diverse array of sources to present a possible etiology for many cases of neurodevelopmental impairment. It is concerned with the problems of selective male affliction, maternal insufficiency, the structure of sex differences, and negative parity effects on intellectual development. The strongest appeal of the theory lies neither in its internal consistency nor in its success in bringing together obscure and seemingly unrelated findings, but rather in its ability to engender testable hypotheses. Many of these are affirmed in the literature or by preliminary investigations derived from existing data. The theory suggests two interesting routes for further investigation, the antecedent brother effect and the study of immunoreactive subgroups. It is strongly suggested that studies of parity effects, pre- and perinatal complications, maternal insufficiency, and family genetic background relative to intellectual development take into consideration the sex of the proband and of antecedent siblings and the family proclivity to autoimmune and to allergic disorders. If the theory were supported by research along the lines suggested above, hypotheses concerning specific immunologic mechanisms might be developed. Such research might yield strategies for the prevention of some of the neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood.","PeriodicalId":77876,"journal":{"name":"Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14735017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The neurobehavioral effects of early lead exposure. 早期铅暴露对神经行为的影响。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1987-01-01

K N Dietrich, K M Krafft, R Shukla, R L Bornschein, P A Succop

引用次数: 0

Biomedical prevention of mental retardation. A model state plan. 智力迟钝的生物医学预防。一个模范的国家计划。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1987-01-01

R Guthrie, M Young

引用次数: 0

Psycho-social factors, lead exposure, and IQ. 心理社会因素，铅暴露和智商。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1987-01-01

S R Schroeder, B Hawk

引用次数: 0

Speech etiquette in a sheltered workshop. 遮蔽车间的演讲礼仪。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1984-01-01

J L Turner, K T Kernan, S Gelphman

引用次数: 0

Friendship, coping systems and community adjustment of mildly retarded adults. 轻度智障成人的友谊、应对系统与社区适应。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1984-01-01

S Kaufman

引用次数: 0

Escape from boredom: the meaning of eventfulness in the lives of clients at a sheltered workshop. 逃离无聊:在一个庇护的车间里，客户生活中多事的意义。

Monographs of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (1982) Pub Date : 1984-01-01

J Graffam, J L Turner

引用次数: 0