Journal of cardiography. Supplement最新文献

{"title":"[Prognosis of mitral valve prolapse related to the changes in the grade and ventricular arrhythmias].","authors":"T Inoh,&nbsp;T Kumaki,&nbsp;Y Kurozumi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eighty-four cases with idiopathic mitral valve prolapse (MVP) were followed for 3.1 years in average (1 to 6 years). Left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions and/or left atrial dimension increased in 72.4% of the cases with severe grade of MVP, while in only 14.3% of the cases with mild grade of MVP during follow-up period. Incidence of ventricular arrhythmias was 70% including about 10% each of grade III, IVa, and IVb in Lown's classification. Repeated examination using 24-hour Holter monitoring showed ventricular arrhythmias of long duration in a majority of the cases, and 66.7% of the cases with III and IV in Lown's classification revealed IVa and IVb frequently including one case of sudden death occurred during follow-up period.</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 11","pages":"105-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14801388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A clinicopathologic study of dilated cardiomyopathy in the aged].","authors":"S Ohkawa,&nbsp;J Inoue,&nbsp;M Sugiura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>This is a report of a clinicopathologic study of seven cases with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) among 3,000 consecutive autopsied cases 60 years or more in age. In this study DCM in the aged was defined as 1) cases of refractory heart failure with marked cardiomegaly of unknown cause by clinical and pathologic examinations, excluding hypertensive heart disease, ischemic heart disease, and valvular heart disease, and 2) pathologic examinations showing cardiac weight more than 400 g, normal coronary arteries with less than 9/15 coronary stenotic index (CSI) and a globular shaped heart with marked dilatation of the left ventricle. The following results were obtained: Seven cases of DCM in the aged consisted of two men and five women with an average age of 69.7 years. The incidence was 0.23% (7/3,000 autopsies). The average age of this group was less than those with other heart diseases such as myocardial infarction or valvular disease in the aged.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>The clinical course ranged from 3 to 22 years with a mean of 12 years. The symptoms of three of the seven cases persisted from the middle age. Electrocardiograms showed atrial fibrillation in five cases (71%), left bundle branch block in three (43%) and complete heart block in one (14%). The mean cardiothoracic ratio was 77.3%. Valvular regurgitation was detected in five cases including five with mitral regurgitation (MR) and three with tricuspid regurgitation (TR). All patients died of cardiac events. Pathologic findings: The heart weights ranged from 410 g to 600 g, with an average of 527 g, and a CSI from 1/15 to 8/15 with a mean of 4.4/15. Though five cases had valvular regurgitation, no primary change was observed in the corresponding valves. Therefore, the valvular regurgitation in these cases were attributed to secondary changes due to dilatation of the valve ring and/or associated decreased compliance of the ventricular wall. The circumferences of the atrioventricular valve rings were enlarged, but the semilunar valve rings were in normal range. Bilateral atrial and ventricular volumes calculated morphologically were larger [201 ml (normal 77 ml) and 83 ml (normal 29 ml), respectively]. Three cases had mural thrombi, two of whom developed pulmonary infarction. Histologically, there were three cases with the fibrosis dominant type, two with the hypertrophy dominant type, one with the degenerative type, and one of the mixed type, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 9","pages":"35-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14879643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Long-term vasodilator therapy of chronic refractory heart failure in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy].","authors":"M Moriuchi,&nbsp;S Saito,&nbsp;Y Tamura,&nbsp;N Kaseda,&nbsp;M Tsuji,&nbsp;E Tokutake,&nbsp;S Yumikura,&nbsp;K Hibiya,&nbsp;Y Ozawa,&nbsp;M Hatano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of long-term vasodilator therapy (hydralazine, ecarazine or budralazine + isosorbide dinitrate) were evaluated for 20 patients with chronic congestive heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) resistant to conventional therapy. There were 16 men and four women whose ages ranged from 30 to 74 years (mean 52 years). Fifteen patients were in NYHA class III, and five in class IV. All patients continued their previous therapeutic regimens during this study. Hemodynamic measurements were performed with a triple lumen flow-directed balloon-tipped catheter for 15 patients to evaluate the effects of vasodilator therapy. In the other five patients, heart rate, blood pressure, chest radiography for heart size (CTR) and M-mode echocardiography were monitored. The hemodynamic responses to the combined vasodilator therapy for 15 patients showed significant decreases in afterload and preload concomitant with an increase in cardiac output. The noninvasive evaluations of combined vasodilator therapy in five patients resulted in significant improvement in heart size and ejection fraction. In all 20 patients, symptoms were significantly improved. Side effects and drug toxicity were uncommon during vasodilator therapy. It is concluded that combined vasodilator treatment is the most ajunctive therapy for the management of severe refractory heart failure due to DCM. In addition, long-term nonparenteral vasodilators can be administered even in an outpatient clinic without hemodynamic monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 9","pages":"77-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14224816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Immunological background of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis: clinical and experimental studies].","authors":"C Kishimoto,&nbsp;A Matsumori,&nbsp;N Tomioka,&nbsp;T Sakurai,&nbsp;C Kawai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunogenetic mechanism may be involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic cardiomyopathy. Viral myocarditis is considered a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. In this study, we examined the major histocompatibility complexes (human leukocyte antigens: HLA) by microdroplet cytotoxicity test, lymphocyte subsets by laser flow cytometry, and the activity of lymphocyte blastoformation induced by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) in patients with cardiomyopathies (DCM) and myocarditis (MC). We also examined the incidence and histopathology of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus myocarditis in inbred strains of mice, and serial changes of T- and B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of DBA/2 mice inoculated with EMC virus by immunofluorescence techniques. The results were as follows: Major histocompatibility complex (HLA and H-2); HLA-B12 in patients with DCM and HLA-DR8 in patients with MC were more frequent than in controls. In EMC virus infection, differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of MC in inbred strains of A/J (H-2a), C57BL/6 (H-2b), BALB/c (H-2d), DBA/2 (H-2d) and C3H/He (H-2k) mice. Genetic mechanism may play a role heart similar to lesions in patients with DCM were seen in DBA/2 mice in the chronic stage of MC. in susceptibility to virus infection. Lymphocyte population study; OKT 8 (suppressor T-cell) was significantly lower in patients with DCM and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) than in controls. There were no significant changes of lymphocyte subsets in patients with MC as compared with the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 9","pages":"19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14153185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The natural history of dilated cardiomyopathy and pathophysiology of congestive heart failure].","authors":"Y Hirota,&nbsp;T Saito,&nbsp;Y Kita,&nbsp;G Shimizu,&nbsp;M Kino,&nbsp;K Kawamura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To clarify the natural history and mechanisms of compensation and decompensation in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the hemodynamic and follow-up data of 52 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization between April 1976 and July 1984 were evaluated. The symptoms of the majority of 42 patients who were in severe congestive heart failure (CHF) (New York Heart Association Functional Class IV) on admission were improved. Two were in Class I, 22 in Class I, 22 in Class III, only six remaining in Class IV at the times of their catheterizations one to two months post admission. The patients were categorized as compensated (Class I and II) and decompensated (Class III and IV), and their data were compared with those of 30 normal subjects. Cardiac status was evaluated at the end of August 1984, and the mean follow-up period was 44 months. The hemodynamic and angiographic characteristics of DCM consisted of an enlarged and poorly contracting left ventricle, with an increased left ventricular (LV) muscle mass, low LV systolic pressure, reduced cardiac output, and elevated systemic vascular resistance. LV volume was larger, and the ejection fraction (EF) was more reduced in the decompensated group in association with elevated preload and afterload. Preload and afterload were within the normal range in the compensated group. LV wall thickness tended to decrease in the decompensated group, and the LV muscle masses did not differ between these two groups. There was a significant inverse correlation between afterload and EF (r = -0.57, p less than 0.01) in DCM. There were five sudden deaths and five CHF deaths, and cardiac symptoms improved in the majority of the survivors. One, two and five year survival rates were 91.2%, 79.8%, and 72.5%, respectively. No hemodynamic variables could be available to predict the prognosis except for the LV end-diastolic pressure and stress. It is concluded that the absence of adequate compensatory hypertrophy and the inappropriate elevation of afterload, or so-called \"afterload mismatch\" plays an important role in the development of CHF, in addition to depressed contractility in DCM. Persistent elevation of preload despite vigorous medical treatment indicates a poor prognosis. No other hemodynamic variables were good indicators of prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 9","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14879646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Syndrome of mitral valve prolapse: past, present and prospects].","authors":"T Sakamoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A short history of mitral valve prolapse was reviewed to learn what was the knowledge we have and to recognize what should be resolved at the present time and in the near future. Particular emphasis was placed on the detailed studies performed in Japan as compared to those of occidental countries. Prevalence of mitral valve prolapse largely depends on the methods of investigation and is definitely related to the diagnostic criteria. Among those, the echocardiographic criteria are particularly important, but there are pitfalls which cause over- or underdiagnosis. Auscultatory criteria, which should be confirmed by phonocardiography, are not sensitive enough because of the presence of \"silent\" prolapse, though the auscultatory acumen of the averaged doctors is quite often unexpected. DaCosta syndrome and the related conditions have some connections with mitral valve prolapse syndrome. The relation should extensively be studied, because somatic and mental signs are not conclusively related to the anatomical abnormalities and the cases with borderline prolapse tend to have definite signs and symptoms. Natural course of mitral valve prolapse based on the long follow-up study is far from the conclusion. So far, no comprehensive cases with well-known natural history of this entity. Prognosis should be carefully evaluated, because most of the patients are doing well and several ominous prognostic signs, such as sudden deaths, are thought to be overemphasized.</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 11","pages":"5-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14442233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy findings in idiopathic mitral valve prolapse: comparison with clinical findings].","authors":"Y Yokota,&nbsp;T Kumaki,&nbsp;T Miki,&nbsp;S Fukuzaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies were performed in nine patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP), and the histological features were compared with the clinical findings. All of them had atypical anterior chest pain and/or dangerous ventricular arrhythmias, but the grade of MVP was mild. Five patients had non-specific ST-T changes on resting 12 leads ECG, four had ischemic ST depression on treadmill exercise ECG, and five had dangerous arrhythmias on 24 hour Holter monitoring ECG. Resting echocardiography showed normal left ventricular function in all, but exercise echocardiography revealed reduced increment of % fractional shortening (delta % FS) in five patients. Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy findings disclosed endocardial thickening and interstitial myocardial fibrosis in eight patients, myocardial hypertrophy in two, myocardial degeneration in five, and myocardial disarray in five, although these changes were mild. These results suggest that in patients with MVP, there is a subgroup with endomyocardial abnormalities, and these might have some relations to the variety of clinical findings in MVP.</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 11","pages":"117-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14801389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Left ventricular early diastolic filling and atrial contribution assessed by ECG-gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy].","authors":"T Kondo,&nbsp;H Hishida,&nbsp;T Furuta,&nbsp;T Sawano,&nbsp;H Kurokawa,&nbsp;T Kiriyama,&nbsp;Y Kato,&nbsp;Y Watanabe,&nbsp;Y Mizuno,&nbsp;A Takeuchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated early diastolic left ventricular (LV) filling and the atrial contribution to ventricular filling in patients (pts) with various heart diseases using ECG-gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy. Conventional equilibrium list mode ECG-gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy was performed for 19 normal subjects (N) as controls, 104 pts with old myocardial infarction (OMI), 19 pts with essential hypertension (HT), seven pts with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS), three pts with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 19 pts with pure mitral stenosis (MS) and one pt with both MS and aortic regurgitation to evaluate early diastolic LV filling. The LV stroke counts corresponding to stroke volume and the early diastolic LV peak filling rate (DdV/dt) were obtained from the LV time-activity curve and its first derivative. Then the DdV/dt was normalized by stroke counts. The DdV/dt was significantly lower in pts with OMI (4.34 +/- 1.02/sec, p less than 0.001), HT (3.93 +/- 0.70/sec, p less than 0.001), IHSS (4.23 +/- 1.59/sec, p less than 0.01) and MS (4.56 +/- 1.05/sec, p less than 0.01) than in N (5.93 +/- 1.26/sec). Then, in OMI, the DdV/dt correlated significantly (r = -0.45, p less than 0.05) with infarct size (% abnormal contracting segment = %ACS) obtained by contrast left ventriculography. Furthermore, in pts with HT, the DdV/dt correlated significantly (r = -0.59, p less than 0.02) with the left ventricular mean wall thickness obtained by M-mode echocardiography. In pts with MS, the DdV/dt also correlated significantly (r = 0.73, p less than 0.001) with the mitral orifice area obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography. However, it has been difficult to assess the atrial contribution to ventricular filling by conventional ECG-gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy, because the LV time-activity curve in the late diastolic phase was distorted and unreliable, whenever a minimal variation of the R-R interval occurred. Therefore, to produce a more reliable late diastolic LV volume curve, a \"two-beat LV volume curve\" was constructed using a new method; namely, each cardiac cycle was divided into 20 msec segments in two different ways, i.e., backward and forward of the R wave, and the backward LV volume curve and forward LV volume curve (conventional method) were connected at the R wave. Then, to estimate the atrial contribution, an increment of counts after the beginning of the P wave divided by counts corresponding to the stroke volume (A(P)/SV) was calculated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 8","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14842348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Biochemical assessment of the effects of coronary thrombolysis by serum cardiac myosin light chain levels].","authors":"M Isobe,&nbsp;R Nagai,&nbsp;F Takaku,&nbsp;M Kashida,&nbsp;T Yamaguchi,&nbsp;K Machii,&nbsp;Y Yazaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To establish the method of biochemical assessment of effects of intracoronary thrombolysis after acute myocardial infarction (MI), the relationships between plasma creatine kinase (CK) or serum cardiac myosin light chain (LC) I levels and changes in left ventricular (LV) wall motion were evaluated. Twenty-seven cases with acute MI without previous infarction were included in this study. Intracoronary thrombolysis was successful within seven hours after onset of MI in 13 patients (reperfusion group), and 14 patients were treated in a conventional manner (control group). Peak levels of CK reached earlier in the reperfusion group (11.3 +/- 2.9 hours) than in the control group (20.9 +/- 5.3 hours). The peak appearance time of CK in the reperfusion group was significantly related to the time between the onset of MI and achievement of coronary reperfusion (r = 0.76). The relationship between total CK release and LV ejection fraction determined by cineangiography one month after onset was not good (r = -0.42). Peak levels of CK were not related to LV ejection fraction. Peak levels of LC appeared about four days after onset in both groups. Peak levels of LC were closely related to LV ejection fraction (r = -0.72). Twenty-four-hour and four-day levels of LC were also related to LV ejection fraction (r = -0.62 and -0.73, respectively). Peak levels of LC were related to asynergic area determined by biplane cineangiography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 10","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14706940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[PTCA in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery and its potential availability: when can PTCA be an alternative to coronary artery bypass grafting?].","authors":"T Yamaguchi,&nbsp;M Kashida,&nbsp;K Machii,&nbsp;S Furuta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The potential availability of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was retrospectively evaluated for the responsible lesions among grafted vessels of 149 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The lesions suitable for PTCA were defined as discrete, segmental, subtotal and noncalcific, in proximal or middle portions of the major coronary arteries. Patients with left main trunk lesions, those with obstruction of two major coronary arteries, and those with lesions in donor arteries of jeopardized collaterals were excluded. Ninety-seven (31%) of a total of 308 grafted lesions were appropriate for PTCA. These included 38% of left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesions, 39% of left circumflex artery (CX) lesions, and 14% of right coronary artery (RCA) lesions. At least one lesion of 77 (52%) of 149 patients was suitable for PTCA. These included 66% of single vessel graft candidates, 54% of double vessel graft candidates, and 38% of triple or more vessel graft candidates. Ideal candidates for PTCA were 34 patients (23%) in whom all lesions in the grafted vessels were thought to be appropriate for PTCA, and these included 25 (LAD: 23, CX: 1, RCA: 1) of 38 single vessel graft candidates and nine (LAD + RCA: 6, LAD + CX: 2, CX + RCA: 1) of 111 multivessel graft candidates. There was no significant difference between the clinical characteristics of the patients ideally suited for PTCA and the remaining patients. Additional 25 candidates for multivessel grafting, whose lesions were appropriate for PTCA except that of the LAD, were considered limited candidates for PTCA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":77861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiography. Supplement","volume":" 10","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14089224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}