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Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene最新文献

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[Microbiological studies of the contamination of hospital waste and household refuse]. [医院废物和生活垃圾污染的微生物研究]。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-06-01
J R Möse, F Reinthaler
{"title":"[Microbiological studies of the contamination of hospital waste and household refuse].","authors":"J R Möse,&nbsp;F Reinthaler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A bacteriological analysis of hospital waste and household refuse (garbage dump) showed a wider range of bacteria in hospital waste. However, quantitatively, household refuse was more contaminated, especially with fecal bacteria. Almost one third of all hospital waste showed no bacterial growth under the conditions chosen for the study. In blood-drenched waste and serum samples 2% of all samples examined were anti-HBc and anti-HBe positive.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"181 1-2","pages":"98-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15162401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bactericidal effects of photochemical smog constituents produced by a flow reactor. III. Communication: determination of mutagenic effects of photochemical smog on E. coli K 12 343/113. 流动反应器产生的光化学烟雾成分的杀菌效果。3通讯:光化学烟雾对大肠杆菌k12343 /113致突变作用的测定。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-06-01
H Nover, K Botzenhart
{"title":"Bactericidal effects of photochemical smog constituents produced by a flow reactor. III. Communication: determination of mutagenic effects of photochemical smog on E. coli K 12 343/113.","authors":"H Nover,&nbsp;K Botzenhart","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The multipurpose strain E. coli K12 343/113 allows the simultaneous detection of different DNA alterations such as base-pair changes, frameshifts and deletions. The investigations show the detection of mutagenic potency in the mixture which is called photochemical smog, produced by a flow reactor. Responsible for these effects were ozone and hydrocarbon-radicals, but not NOx, hydrocarbons (propene, isobutene, trans-2-butene) and peroxiacetylnitrate (PAN). In the given conditions these mutagenic substances are involved in DNA alterations like base-pair changes and deletions due to the amounts of colonies in the gal+-, MTR-, and arg+-system. No frameshifts could be detected in the nad+-system.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"181 1-2","pages":"71-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15016641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Microflora in swine slurry as a parameter in determining the efficiency of deodorizing treatment. I. Continuous and discontinuous aeration treatment]. 猪浆中微生物群是决定除臭处理效率的一个参数。1 .连续曝气和间断曝气处理]。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-06-01
W Hennlich
{"title":"[Microflora in swine slurry as a parameter in determining the efficiency of deodorizing treatment. I. Continuous and discontinuous aeration treatment].","authors":"W Hennlich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liquid manure from the pig, fresh and stored, was treated by continuous and discontinuous aeration. The purpose was to achieve a biologically stabilized and deodorized organic material. The samples which were aerated intermittently had good decomposition rates for nitrogen compounds and even so good deodorization effects. In spite of a minimum of dissolved oxygen of appr. 0.2 mg/l, good deodorization could be achieved by intermittent aeration for 23 days. Simultaneous processes of nitrification and denitrification were observed in optimal aerated manure similar to activated sludge processes. On the other hand, significant shifts on the microflora could be shown, whereby the main part of the biota consists in the gramnegative, non fermentative organisms. In non-deodorized liquid manure, members of the genus Bacillus advanced in their growth rates. In addition to Alcaligenes-Pseudomonas organisms, the group of nonfermentative cocci (e. g. Moraxella spp., Paracoccus spp.) dominated. Their growth development during the treatment agreed very well with the results of decomposition and deodorization. The existence of Bifidobacterium and of Aerococcus in aerated pig slurry was not ascribed before.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"181 1-2","pages":"37-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15162398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Culturing of chlorine-damaged E. coli bacteria using the membrane filteration technic]. 膜过滤技术培养氯害大肠杆菌
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-06-01
R Schubert, F Helm
{"title":"[Culturing of chlorine-damaged E. coli bacteria using the membrane filteration technic].","authors":"R Schubert,&nbsp;F Helm","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of chlorine-impaired E. coli organisms obtainable with the aid of the membrane-filtration-Endo-agar-method is so reduced that this method cannot be considered equivalent to liquid enrichment. Notwithstanding the well documented difficulties that arise from differences between batches of the same filters e. g. from problems to assure their standardization, the main obstacles do not stem from the questionable suitability of membrane filters but from the toxicity of the Endo-agar. The use of lactose-pepton (L.P.)-broth (German Standard Methods 1971) equally does not lead to satisfactory results if compared to the use of casein-soya (C.S.)-broth.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"181 1-2","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15016642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Prevention of occupational cancer in the asbestos cement industry (preliminary report)]. [石棉水泥行业职业癌症的预防(初步报告)]。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-06-01
M Neuberger, P Ambrosch, M Kundi
{"title":"[Prevention of occupational cancer in the asbestos cement industry (preliminary report)].","authors":"M Neuberger,&nbsp;P Ambrosch,&nbsp;M Kundi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a cohort study on 324 asbestos cement workers an increased risk of lung cancer was observed in comparison to cement workers (O/E = 1.7, p less than 0.05). 10 out of 17 deaths from lung cancer occurred after age 65, stressing the need for screening after retirement. In a pilot study on 198 asbestos cement workers we tried to adjust the screening intensity to individual risk (esp. for respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases) by use of history (exposure, smoking, etc.) and results of earlier examination. We found relations between smoking and respiratory symptoms, smoking and parameters of flow-volume-curves, smoking and radiological signs of early pneumoconiosis. Possibilities for early detection and intervention are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"181 1-2","pages":"81-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15162400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Use of fish cell cultures for toxicity determination in order to reduce and replace the fish tests]. [使用鱼细胞培养物进行毒性测定，以减少和取代鱼试验]。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-05-01
W Ahne
{"title":"[Use of fish cell cultures for toxicity determination in order to reduce and replace the fish tests].","authors":"W Ahne","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dispersion of liver tissue from rainbow trout at 10 and 25 degrees C resultet in cells which were cultivated in vitro at 20 degrees C regularly. Using this method a cell line (R1) has been established useful for testing the toxicity of chemical substances and waste water. The toxicity of samples influenced the morphology, growth and the living duration of the cells. These parameters gave a clear answer about the toxicity of samples testet in 1-12 h. The tests on the vitality of cells (using trypan blue) and the release of LDH did not show an agreement with the cytotoxicity in all cases. From 106 samples of waste water were 53.8% cytotoxic but only 35% showed a toxicity for fish. 93.44% of 61 toxic samples of waste water showed cytotoxicity, only 60.65% of the samples were fish-toxic. According to the results obtained it is concluded that fish cell tissue cultures are useful tools for determination of the toxicity of chemical substances and waste water. Compared with the fish test the cytotoxicity test ist more sensitive and it reduces the material, time and money needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"180 5-6","pages":"480-504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15137641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mycobacteria in semi-public swimming-pools and whirlpools. 半公共游泳池和漩涡中的分枝杆菌。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-05-01
A H Havelaar, L G Berwald, D G Groothuis, J G Baas
{"title":"Mycobacteria in semi-public swimming-pools and whirlpools.","authors":"A H Havelaar,&nbsp;L G Berwald,&nbsp;D G Groothuis,&nbsp;J G Baas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence, densities and species distribution of atypical mycobacteria were assayed in samples from swimming-pools in semi-public areas (hotels, recreational parks and camping grounds) and from whirlpools (in sauna institutes, fitness clubs and recreational parks). Tap water used to supply these pools was also investigated. Mycobacteria were frequently detected in all types of samples, the numbers in whirlpools on the average being about ten times higher than those in swimming-pools and tap water. Mycobacterium gordonae was the predominant species in all samples. Special attention was given to the possible presence of opportunistic pathogenic mycobacteria. M. marinum was not detected in any of the samples; M. kansasii was recovered 3 times from whirlpools only. M. avium and the M. fortuitum-M. chelonei complex were found in both types of pool samples but in highest densities in whirlpools. Mycobacterial densities exhibited a significantly negative association with the concentration of hypochlorous acid-1.0 mg/l being required to assure low levels in the bathing water. There was also a negative association with redox potential but positive associations with total aerobic colony count at 37 degrees C, ammonium and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (in swimming-pools only). No association was found with temperature, potassium permanganate consumption, total coliforms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"180 5-6","pages":"505-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15137642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preliminary evaluation of the ELISA as a tool for the detection of rotaviruses in activated sewage sludge. ELISA检测活性污泥中轮状病毒的初步评价。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-05-01
F Agbalika, M Wullenweber, J Prévot
{"title":"Preliminary evaluation of the ELISA as a tool for the detection of rotaviruses in activated sewage sludge.","authors":"F Agbalika,&nbsp;M Wullenweber,&nbsp;J Prévot","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Samples of activated sludge were taken in three different treatment plants near Nancy (France) and in West Berlin (F.R.G.), and were investigated for their content of rotaviruses. After elution with beef extract (0.25%, pH 7.3) and ultrasonication, the samples were concentrated by protamine flocculation and, in a few cases, in parallel by ultracentrifugation. A commercially available ELISA test kit (Rotazyme, Abbott Diagnostics) was routinely used for rotavirus detection. Although both the Rotazyme and a laboratory-designed ELISA gave positive results for the suldge concentrates, confirmation with a blocking test and electron microscope (EM) was negative in all cases so far investigated. Therefore, the exclusive use of ELISA cannot be recommended for similar investigations as it may lead to false positive results. In this light, an additional verification step with neutralizing antibodies should be included by the ELISA kits' manufacturers to enable a quick confirmation of the user's results.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"180 5-6","pages":"534-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14126687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The behavior of Campylobacter jejuni in various foodstuffs]. [空肠弯曲杆菌在各种食物中的行为]。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-05-01
W Wundt, A Kutscher, G Kasper
{"title":"[The behavior of Campylobacter jejuni in various foodstuffs].","authors":"W Wundt,&nbsp;A Kutscher,&nbsp;G Kasper","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the purpose of ascertaining the survival time of Campylobacter jejuni in foodstuffs under differing conditions, milk, ice-cream, meat salad and drinking water were inoculated with a defined quantity of Campylobacter jejuni and subsequently the number of colony-forming units was determined at first at 12-hour intervals and later once a day. It was found that the survival time in milk at +5 degrees C was 15 days, in drinking water 6 days, but only 7 and 4 days respectively at 22 degrees C. In frozen ice-cream (vanilla) C. j. was still identified after 30 days and longer, in frozen water (-20 degrees C) even after several weeks. In sour meat salad (pH 4.2) the survival time of the inoculated C.j. amounted to a few hours only. The conclusions to be drawn from these results are discussed with reference to the epidemiology of the human diseases caused by C.j. and to kitchen hygiene.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"180 5-6","pages":"528-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14956648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemiological study of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. 日本岛根县小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌和假结核耶尔森菌感染的流行病学研究。
Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene Pub Date : 1985-05-01
H Fukushima, M Tsubokura, K Otsuki, Y Kawaoka, R Nishio, S Moriki, Y Nishino, H Mototsune, K Karino
{"title":"Epidemiological study of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections in Shimane Prefecture, Japan.","authors":"H Fukushima,&nbsp;M Tsubokura,&nbsp;K Otsuki,&nbsp;Y Kawaoka,&nbsp;R Nishio,&nbsp;S Moriki,&nbsp;Y Nishino,&nbsp;H Mototsune,&nbsp;K Karino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Shimane Prefecture, Japan, 175 Yersinia enterocolitica isolates from 6,479 stools and 347 appendixes of patients were separated into biotype 3B (VP-, sorbose-, inositol-) serotype O3 phage type II (22 isolates); biotype 4 (84 isolates), biotype 4 (ornithine-) (16 isolates) and biotype 4 (maltose-) (9 isolates) of serotype O3 phage type VIII, biotype 2 serotype O9 (1 isolate) and biotype 1 (43 isolates). This may be the first documentation of isolation of Y. enterocolitica biotype 3B serotype O3 phage type II from patients. Twenty-three Yersinia pseudotuberculosis isolates from stools of 23 patients were grouped into serotypes IB (13 isolates), III (2 isolates) and IVB (8 isolates). Clinical manifestations were more numerous in Y. pseudotuberculosis infections than Y. enterocolitica O3 infections. Y. enterocolitica O3 was more frequently isolated between summer and autumn but Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. enterocolitica biotype 1 were isolated between winter and spring. Secondary infection with Yersinia among close family members was frequent. Y. enterocolitica O3 and Y. pseudotuberculosis infected persons excreted 10(4) to 10(9) viable cells per g stool during 27 and 19 days, but Y. enterocolitica biotype 1 strains were detected only when using enrichment techniques. Serological responses were not observed in under 2 year old persons infected with Y. enterocolitica O3.</p>","PeriodicalId":77820,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale B, Hygiene","volume":"180 5-6","pages":"515-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15010283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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