Renal physiology最新文献_第9页

Comparative physiology of the renal proximal tubule. 肾近端小管的比较生理学。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173056

K W Beyenbach

{"title":"Comparative physiology of the renal proximal tubule.","authors":"K W Beyenbach","doi":"10.1159/000173056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173056","url":null,"abstract":"The comparative physiology of the renal proximal tubule (PT) is reviewed in the context of vertebrate evolution and vertebrate strategies of salt and water balance. Though extrarenal mechanisms of salt and water balance contribute importantly to extracellular fluid (ECF) homeostasis in the lower vertebrates, the kidney acquires these functions with evolutionary progress and becomes the dominant organ of ECF homeostasis in mammals. In acquiring the major responsibility over the ECF compartment the kidney favored filtration-reabsorption as the preferred mechanism for the rapid turnover of ECF with the advantage of providing quick renal regulatory responses. In spite of this specialization the structure and function of the PT do not appear to have undergone major evolutionary changes. In present-day vertebrates the PT remains as an immensely diverse transport epithelium with impressive capacities for both reabsorptive and secretory work, as exemplified by the mammalian PT with mostly reabsorptive functions and the PT of aglomerular kidneys with mostly secretory functions. The recent evidence for NaCl and fluid secretion in the PT of, unexpectedly, glomerular kidneys is consistent with the functional diversity and the conservative nature of evolution in the case of the PT.","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"8 4-5","pages":"222-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15021220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Renal albumin reabsorption in normal and sodium maleate-treated rats. 正常及马来酸钠处理大鼠肾白蛋白重吸收。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173029

J Cho, R G Galaske, H Arbesman, J B Van Liew

引用次数: 9

Quantitative method for the determination of glycosaminoglycans from small quantities of glomerular basement membranes. 少量肾小球基底膜中糖胺聚糖的定量测定方法。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173033

N Parthasarathy

引用次数: 2

Permselectivity and proteinuria in 'minimal-lesion' nephrosis. “小病变”肾病的选择性与蛋白尿。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01

L G Wesson

引用次数: 0

Function of the isolated spontaneously hypertensive rat kidney after blood pressure reduction. 自发性高血压大鼠离体肾脏降血压后的功能。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173037

T H Steele, J H Gottstein, L Challoner-Hue

{"title":"Function of the isolated spontaneously hypertensive rat kidney after blood pressure reduction.","authors":"T H Steele, J H Gottstein, L Challoner-Hue","doi":"10.1159/000173037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173037","url":null,"abstract":"We treated 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with either placebo or hydralazine, reserpine and hydrochlorothiazide for 1 month. Mean arterial pressure in treated SHR averaged 113 +/- 7 mm Hg (mean +/- SE), compared to 162 +/- 12 mm Hg in animals receiving placebo (p less than 0.01). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and sodium excretion were similar in both groups. In isolated perfused kidneys, the GFR and sodium excretion were significantly greater in the treatment group than in the placebo group at a perfusion pressure of 140 mm Hg (p less than 0.01). Renal vascular resistance (RVR) of kidney from treated SHR was no different from RVR of kidney from placebo SHR. Hydralazine (6 mM) and diazoxide (4 mM) increased the GFR and sodium excretion of isolated SHR kidney perfused at 140 mm Hg (p less than 0.05), but decreased RVR significantly (p less than 0.05). We conclude that prolonged antihypertensive treatment renders higher GFR values to isolated SHR kidneys perfused at 140 mm Hg, with sodium excretion varying in proportion to the GFR. The addition of vasodilators to the perfusate of isolated SHR kidneys partially reproduced these changes, but only at extremely high concentrations unlike to be attained in vivo.","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"8 2","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15107842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Inhibition of protein reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule by basic amino acids. 碱性氨基酸对肾近端小管蛋白质重吸收的抑制作用。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173040

P D Ottosen, K M Madsen, F Bode, K Baumann, A B Maunsbach

{"title":"Inhibition of protein reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule by basic amino acids.","authors":"P D Ottosen, K M Madsen, F Bode, K Baumann, A B Maunsbach","doi":"10.1159/000173040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173040","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of basic and neutral amino acids on the reabsorption of 125I-lysozyme by the renal proximal tubule were examined in rats. In whole animal experiments control animals were given an intravenous (i.v.) injection of 125I-lysozyme alone while experimental animals received an i.v. injection of either a basic or a neutral amino acid prior to the injection of 125I-lysozyme. In control animals the renal content of 125I-lysozyme 30 min after injection was 35% of the injected dose. After injection of basic amino acids there was a significant decrease in the renal uptake of lysozyme. There was no effect of neutral amino acids on the reabsorption of lysozyme. In microperfusion experiments proximal convoluted tubules were perfused in vivo for 3 min with a solution containing 125I-lysozyme and either lysine or alanine. In tubules perfused with lysine there was a significant decrease in the reabsorption of lysozyme, whereas alanine had no effect on lysozyme uptake. Electron microscope autoradiography revealed that lysozyme was located in endocytic vesicles and lysosomes in both experimental groups. However, the autoradiographic grain density was significantly decreased in tubules perfused with lysine as compared with those perfused with alanine. These findings demonstrate that basic amino acids inhibit the reabsorption of the cationic protein lysozyme by the proximal tubule cells.","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"8 2","pages":"90-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15107844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Comparative aspects of the urinary concentrating process. 尿浓缩过程的比较方面。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173058

E J Braun

引用次数: 22

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173043

F Khalil-Manesh, R G Price

{"title":"Age-related changes in rat glomerular basement membrane components solubilised with pepsin.","authors":"F Khalil-Manesh, R G Price","doi":"10.1159/000173043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173043","url":null,"abstract":"The proportion of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) solubilised following pepsin treatment increased with age when the digestion was carried out at 4 degrees C, but remained constant at 50% of the membrane when the digestion was carried out at 10 degrees C irrespective of rat age. Amino-acid analysis of the solubilised material indicated that it became more collagen-like with age, as judged by the increase in glycine, hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine content, if the digestion was carried out at 10 degrees C. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of pepsin-solubilised material demonstrated that components with apparent molecular weights of 180,000, 160,000 and 130,000 increased in intensity with age. Components with apparent molecular weights less than 85,000 were only present in pepsin-soluble material prepared from GBM isolated from young rats. The intensity of the bands in the pro-alpha-region varied with age and some procollagen-like material was not solubilised by pepsin treatment. These studies confirm that aging of rat GBM is characterised by an increase in the proportion of the collagenous components present in rat GBM.","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"8 2","pages":"120-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15037354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

On the mechanism of renal vasoconstriction induced by acetylcholine in indomethacin-treated dogs. 乙酰胆碱致消炎痛犬肾血管收缩的机制研究。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173063

S S Ho, J C Yun, J R Gill, G D Kelly, H R Keiser

{"title":"On the mechanism of renal vasoconstriction induced by acetylcholine in indomethacin-treated dogs.","authors":"S S Ho, J C Yun, J R Gill, G D Kelly, H R Keiser","doi":"10.1159/000173063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173063","url":null,"abstract":"Renal arterial infusion of acetylcholine (ACh) in control dogs produced a natriuresis and diuresis and an increase in renal plasma flow (RPF) without a change in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or in renin secretory rate (RSR). In dogs pretreated with indomethacin (Indo), an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthetase, renal arterial infusion of ACh first produced a rise, then a decline in urine flow, sodium excretion (UNaV) and GFR that was accompanied by a progressive fall in RPF and a progressive rise in RSR. The rise in RSR was potentiated by renal arterial infusion of an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker, phenoxybenzamine (Phenoxy), and attenuated, but not completely abolished, by beta-adrenergic receptor blockade with propranolol (Prop). Chemical denervation with reserpine alone, or in combination with chronic surgical renal denervation, failed to prevent the fall in RPF, GFR and UNaV and the rise in RSR produced by ACh in Indo-treated dogs. Renal arterial infusion of Phenoxy and intravenous infusion of Prop, alone or in combination with renal arterial infusion of an angiotensin II antagonist, saralasin, failed to maintain the vasodilatory, diuretic and natriuretic effects of ACh in Indo-treated dogs. Elimination of endogenous vasopressin by hypophysectomy also failed to prevent the vasoconstriction induced by ACh in Indo-treated dogs. The results suggest that ACh produced renal vasoconstriction in Indo-treated dogs by mechanism(s) other than an increase in renal adrenergetic activity or an increase in the activity of the renin-angiotensin system. The results also suggest that the vasoconstriction was independent of vasopresin.","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"8 6","pages":"310-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15193916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effects of phosphate and calcium infusion on renal phosphate transport in the dog. 磷酸钙输注对狗肾磷转运的影响。

Renal physiology Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000173031

N L Wong, G A Quamme, J H Dirks, R A Sutton

{"title":"Effects of phosphate and calcium infusion on renal phosphate transport in the dog.","authors":"N L Wong, G A Quamme, J H Dirks, R A Sutton","doi":"10.1159/000173031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173031","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of phosphate infusion on renal tubular handling of calcium and phosphate was examined in dogs which had been thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) immediately prior to the studies. Phosphate infusions in TPTX animals caused a small decrease in total and ultrafilterable plasma calcium, and decreased phosphate reabsorptive capacity in the proximal tubule and loop segment. Infusion of CaCl2 during phosphate loading to offset the fall in plasma calcium prevented the reduction in proximal phosphate reabsorptive capacity. However, between the proximal and distal sampling site, the reduction in phosphate reabsorptive capacity could not be prevented by CaCl2 administration. These data are consistent with the presence of two phosphate transport systems; one in the early proximal tubule, modulated by changes in plasma calcium level, and a second in the loop segment, which is independent of calcium. While the data suggest that the depression of proximal phosphate reabsorption during phosphate infusion may be secondary to the fall in plasma calcium concentration, they do not exclude a direct effect of infused phosphate on proximal phosphate reabsorption that may be antagonized by an opposing direct effect of the calcium infusion.","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"30-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15085718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3