Renal physiology最新文献

{"title":"灭幽汤对幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎脾胃湿热证模型小鼠TLRs/NF-κB65信号通路的影响","authors":"王小娟, 罗燕, 喻斌, 胡淑娟, 杜中华, 尹姣, 夏蓉","doi":"10.11569/wcjd.v22.i23.3371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v22.i23.3371","url":null,"abstract":"[目的]观察灭幽汤对幽门螺杆菌（helicobacter pylori,Hp）相关性胃炎脾胃湿热证模型小鼠TLR4、NF-κB65的蛋白及mRNA、TNF-α、IL-8表达的影响,探讨灭幽汤治疗Hp相关性胃炎脾胃湿热证的机制.[方法]将70只BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、高浓度灭幽汤组（高灭组）、低浓度灭幽汤组（低灭组）、胃三联组（替硝唑＋克拉霉素＋枸橼酸铋钾颗粒）,每组14只;采用复合因素（肥甘食物＋湿热环境＋幽门螺杆菌）建立BALB/c小鼠Hp相关性胃炎脾胃湿热证模型;造模成功后连续给药14 d,而后分别采用免疫组化检测TLR4、NF-κB65蛋白,qPCR检测TLR4 mRNA、NF-κB65 mRNA的表达情况,采用ELISA检测血清TNF-α、IL-8的表达.[结果]模型组TLR4、NF-κB65的蛋白及mRNA、血清TNF-α、IL-8含量表达均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义;通过药物治疗后,低灭组、高灭组、胃三联组TLR4、NF-κB65的蛋白及mRNA、血清TNF-α、IL-8含量表达均低于模型组,差异有统计学意义;高灭组TLR4、NF-κB65的蛋白及mRNA、血清TNF-α、IL-8含量表达虽低于胃三联组,但差异无统计学意义.[结论]灭幽汤可能通过干预TLR4/NF-κB65信号通路,抑制TLR4、NF-κB65及下游因子的表达以达到治疗Hp相关性胃炎脾胃湿热证的目的.","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"22 1","pages":"3371-3379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64275327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiology of diuretic action.","authors":"F. Lang","doi":"10.1159/ISBN.978-3-318-05714-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/ISBN.978-3-318-05714-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 3-4 1","pages":"135-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65312003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex physiological and biochemical action of aldosterone in toad urinary bladder and mammalian renal collecting duct cells.","authors":"W W Minuth,&nbsp;U Steckelings,&nbsp;P Gross","doi":"10.1159/000173139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the discovery of the steroid hormone aldosterone nearly 35 years ago, our knowledge on the cellular actions of aldosterone is still incomplete. Most of the present physiological and biochemical knowledge about the antinatriuretic action was revealed by investigations on amphibian tight epithelia, in particular the toad urinary bladder. Less biochemical information was obtained from mammalian tissue such as microdissected renal tubules and cultured cells. In our opinion, it is questionable whether de novo synthesis of cell proteins-induced by aldosterone-can explain all of the hormonal effects to increase the Na+ transport. In the present paper we try to analyze the wide and contradictory field of biochemical data about the action of aldosterone on the increase in Na+ transport in renal cells in an attempt to incorporate this information into an extended working hypothesis. We suggest distinguishing principally between an early and a late biochemical response phase. We speculate that aldosterone may act by a two-step mechanism: the early and late aldosterone-induced proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 6","pages":"297-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13989747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of substrate-free albumin on perfused rat kidney function.","authors":"M Zamlauski-Tucker,&nbsp;J J Cohen","doi":"10.1159/000173144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of varying concentrations of substrate-free albumin (SFA) in the absence of exogenous substrate was investigated in the isolated perfused rat kidney. Consistent with starling relationship, there was a progressive decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), from 778 +/- 36 to 41 +/- 17 microliters/min.g, and a progressive increase in fractional sodium reabsorption (%TNa+), from 31.1 +/- 0.9 to 82.6 +/- 2.3%, when the mean SFA concentration in the perfusate was increased from 3 to 10 g/dl. Perfusate flow rate (PFR) remained constant at 30 ml/min.g as the GFR decreased. When the mean perfusate SFA concentration was decreased from 3 g/dl to 0, the anticipated decrease in %TNa+ occurred but the increase in GFR did not. PFR was also reduced by one half when SFA was not present in the perfusion medium. The reason for the anomalous behavior of GFR and PFR when SFA was omitted from the perfusion medium is not clear.</p>","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 6","pages":"352-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14362624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aminoglycoside and nephrotoxicity.","authors":"V L Silva,&nbsp;F Z Gil,&nbsp;G Nascimento,&nbsp;M F Cavanal","doi":"10.1159/000173142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of three aminoglycosides--gentamicin, netilmicin and amikacin--on renal acid excretion was studied in male rats treated with doses equivalent to those clinically used. The amikacin and netilmicin groups showed no important changes in the values of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and U/P inulin ratio during normal and acidotic conditions. The gentamicin group, however, showed a clear tendency to decreases in these functional parameters even in normal conditions, a finding that reinforces the concept that gentamicin is more nephrotoxic than other aminoglycosides. During normal conditions net acid excretion (BH) did not change with any of the three tested drugs. However, after an acute acid load BH markedly fell regardless of the antibiotic used. The capacity to elevate the urine-blood pCO2 was preserved after an alcaline overload, suggesting that the distal tubule was not significantly affected by aminoglycoside treatment. These data suggest that the clinical use of aminoglycosides during metabolic acidosis deserves close attention due to the possible deleterious effect that can emerge as the result of an inappropriate retention of acid loads.</p>","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 6","pages":"327-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14277974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrarenal kallikrein-kinin activity in acute renovascular hypertension in dogs.","authors":"P S Verma,&nbsp;J A Gagnon,&nbsp;R L Miller","doi":"10.1159/000173140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intrarenal kallikrein-kinin system was studied during the acute phase of renovascular hypertension induced by renal artery constriction and during teprotide inhibition of kininase II in the dog. Kallikrein-like activity measured by both kininogenase and esterolytic assays, was increased during renal artery constriction (p less than 0.5) and (p less than 0.01). The administration of teprotide resulted in a further increase of renal cortical kallikrein-like activity and inhibited kininase II activity (p less than 0.01). Following the inhibition of kininase II, the plasma concentration of kininogen was also significantly decreased (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that kininase II inhibition may increase levels of intrarenal and plasma kinins and that decreased degradation of kinin peptides may contribute significantly to the acute hypertensive effect of teprotide.</p>","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 6","pages":"311-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13989748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outflow segment of the efferent arteriole of the rat glomerulus investigated by in vivo and electron microscopy.","authors":"E Schnabel,&nbsp;W Kriz,&nbsp;M Steinhausen","doi":"10.1159/000173141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In previous intravital microscopic studies of the hydronephrotic split kidney a narrow segment in the efferent arteriole at its origin from the glomerulus was observed. In the present study in vivo techniques were combined with transmission electron microscopy of thin sections to investigate the structural basis for the luminal narrowing. At the point where the efferent arteriole leaves Bowman's capsule prominent endothelial cells were found to bulge into the lumen of the vessel. These cells participate in the overall narrowing of the lumen at this site and appear to be responsible for the in vivo picture. However, the principal basis for the narrowing seems to be an extrinsic constriction of the vessel, possibly by extraglomerular mesangial cells located at the exit level. It is suggested that the outflow portion of the efferent arteriole may be an important site of control of glomerular blood flow.</p>","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 6","pages":"318-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14362621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of maleate on tubular protein reabsorption in dog kidneys.","authors":"J Hysing,&nbsp;J Ostensen,&nbsp;H Tolleshaug,&nbsp;F Kiil","doi":"10.1159/000173143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To examine the effects on protein and electrolyte reabsorption of reducing the energy supply to the proximal tubules, an inhibitor of the citric acid cycle, maleate (600 mg.kg-1), was administered to anesthetized dogs during continuous ethacrynic acid infusion. One hour after infusion, maleate reduced renal oxygen consumption from 128 +/- 3 to 48 +/- 6 mumol.min-1. Comparisons at similar GFR showed that maleate reduced bicarbonate reabsorption by 65%, chloride reabsorption by 60% and phosphate reabsorption by 90%. Tubular reabsorption of lysozyme, determined by the 'trapped-label' method, was reduced by 97%. Total protein excretion in urine increased from 0.12 to 1.0 mg.min-1 and was not associated with a significant increase in brush border and lysosome marker enzymes. However, by superimposing a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide (100 mg.kg-1), electrolyte reabsorption was slightly further reduced but protein excretion increased to 2.7 mg.min-1, coincidentally with a dramatic increase in enzyme excretion: approximately 20-fold in the brush border enzymes, alanine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase, and 10-fold in the lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. Our data indicate that maleate stops protein reabsorption without signs of acute tubular damage, whereas subsequent administration of acetazolamide results in tubular desquamation and albumin leakage.</p>","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 6","pages":"338-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14362622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional and histopathological changes in dog kidneys after administration of cisplatin.","authors":"G Daugaard,&nbsp;U Abildgaard,&nbsp;S Larsen,&nbsp;N H Holstein-Rathlou,&nbsp;O Amtorp,&nbsp;H P Olesen,&nbsp;P P Leyssac","doi":"10.1159/000173114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nephrotoxic effect of cisplatin (5 mg/kg i.v.) was evaluated in 8 dogs 48-72 h after administration. The lithium clearance method was used for assessing the absolute and fractional reabsorption rates of sodium and water in proximal as well as in more distal segments of the total nephron population, before and during saline loading (infusion of 5 ml/kg of isotonic saline i.v.). Histological examinations of the kidney biopsies were used to evaluate the degree of renal tissue injury. During 48-72 h after administration of cisplatin blood urea nitrogen and plasma creatinine increased significantly from 3.9 +/- 0.2 to 11.7 +/- 1.4 mmol/l and 96 +/- 3 to 178 +/- 10 mumol/l, respectively. Mean values of renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, filtration fraction and lithium clearance in cisplatin-treated animals (143 +/- 14 ml/min, 10.7 +/- 1.1. ml/min, 0.14 +/- 0.01 and 6.3 +/- 0.6 ml/min, respectively) were significantly lower than in 6 control animals (212 +/- 8 ml/min, 49.0 +/- 2.0 ml/min, 0.36 +/- 0.001 and 10.1 +/- 1.3 ml/min, respectively). In contrast, urinary excretion rates of sodium, potassium and water were significantly higher, while fractional as well as absolute proximal and distal reabsorption rates were significantly lower in cisplatin-treated animals compared to controls. Saline loading caused an increase in the output of tubular fluid from the proximal tubules (lithium clearance) in the cisplatin-treated animals, while the fractional distal reabsorption rate of sodium decreased significantly. The histological changes are in agreement with the physiological data which point to the proximal tubules as the more severely damaged segment. In conclusion, the depressed renal function 48-72 h after administration of cisplatin can be attributed to impairment of proximal as well as distal tubular reabsorptive capacities associated with increased renal vascular resistance. The polyuria seems to be due to impaired reabsorption rates in the distal nephron segments, which will affect the concentration mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"54-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14805882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acidosis and alkalosis on divalent ion transport across the proximal straight tubule of the rabbit.","authors":"N L Wong,&nbsp;J H Dirks","doi":"10.1159/000173132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000173132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vitro microperfusion experiments were performed on the cortical proximal straight tubule of the rabbit to examine the effect of acid base disturbances on calcium and magnesium transport by this segment of the nephron. During acidosis (pH 7.22 +/- 0.01) net calcium reabsorption was reduced, whereas during alkalosis (pH 7.82 +/- 0.02) net calcium reabsorption was increased. Our flux experiments with 45Ca indicate that the efflux of Ca from the lumen to the bath remained the same during acidosis; however, the back-flux (bath to lumen) of calcium increased. On the other hand, during alkalosis the efflux of calcium rose and the influx of calcium remained unchanged. These changes in fluxes during acid-base disturbances can be accounted for mainly by changes in ionized calcium as a result of pH changes. We failed to observe any effect of acid-base changes on net magnesium transport by the superficial proximal straight tubule.</p>","PeriodicalId":77779,"journal":{"name":"Renal physiology","volume":"10 5","pages":"242-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000173132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13603952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}