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Vascular bundles and wickerworks in childhood brain tumors. 儿童脑肿瘤中的维管束和柳条结构。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120454
K Sato, L B Rorke
{"title":"Vascular bundles and wickerworks in childhood brain tumors.","authors":"K Sato,&nbsp;L B Rorke","doi":"10.1159/000120454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We reviewed 114 childhood brain tumors and brain sections from 30 children with no nervous system lesions to determine the incidence of vascular bundles (VB) and vascular wickerworks (VW). VB consist of a group of small blood vessels running parallel to each other. VW denote spiralling or twisting of two or more small blood vessels around one another, resembling vines. By light microscopy, VB cannot be differentiated from VW; both appear as a group of small blood vessels oriented in the same direction. VB and VW have been described in normal and abnormal brains at all ages, in association with aging, in neovascularization following necrosis, and in brain tumors. They occur rarely in normal brains, but are a common histological feature of cerebellar pilocytic astrocytomas in contrast to diencephalic pilocytic astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas of cerebrum and cerebellum, and meningiomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 3","pages":"105-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120454","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13844354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Anterior thoracic extradural hematoma in a 5-year-old child. 5岁儿童前胸硬膜外血肿。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120442
N E Epstein, M Gilder, K Black
{"title":"Anterior thoracic extradural hematoma in a 5-year-old child.","authors":"N E Epstein,&nbsp;M Gilder,&nbsp;K Black","doi":"10.1159/000120442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Four hours following a motor vehicle accident, a 5-year-old girl developed a complete motor and sensory paraplegia below the sixth thoracic level (T6). The plain X-rays and MRI scan identified nondisplaced compression fractures of the T3-T6 vertebrae, associated with an anterior T3-T5 epidural hematoma. Following an emergency T3-T6 laminectomy, the sensory findings disappeared, while the motor deficit took 2 weeks to resolve. This case report emphasizes the value of the MRI scan in assessing pediatric spinal trauma, while underscoring the unique characteristics of acute epidural spinal hematomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 1","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13777059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections. Report of 41 cases and a critical review of the literature. 脑脊液分流感染。41例病例报告及文献综述。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01
M R Quigley, D H Reigel, R Kortyna
{"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections. Report of 41 cases and a critical review of the literature.","authors":"M R Quigley,&nbsp;D H Reigel,&nbsp;R Kortyna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All shunt procedures performed at our institution from July 1982 to December 1987 were analyzed for factors possibly related to shunt infection. There were 41 infections detected in 31 patients for an overall rate of 6.9%. Only intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) as an etiology of the hydrocephalus and internalization of an external ventricular drain (EVD) were found to correlate with septic risk. An extensive review of all the English language literature concerning shunt infections over the last 15 years was undertaken. Little consensus could be found among the 35 publications in regard to factors predisposing to shunt sepsis. Even the issue of antibiotic prophylaxis remains clouded as all papers examined exhibited methodologic flaws.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 3","pages":"111-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13844747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic dysphagia, vomiting and gastroesophageal reflux as manifestations of a brain stem glioma: a case report. 慢性吞咽困难、呕吐和胃食管反流是脑干胶质瘤的表现:1例报告。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120480
Y Frank, S B Schwartz, N E Epstein, H R Beresford
{"title":"Chronic dysphagia, vomiting and gastroesophageal reflux as manifestations of a brain stem glioma: a case report.","authors":"Y Frank,&nbsp;S B Schwartz,&nbsp;N E Epstein,&nbsp;H R Beresford","doi":"10.1159/000120480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain stem glioma is the third most common childhood brain tumor, comprising 10-15% of this group of neoplasms. Typical presenting symptoms include ataxia, diplopia and headache, while signs of increased intracranial pressure occur later in the clinical course. Although prolonged failure to thrive, characterized by cachexia and vomiting are rare manifestations of brain stem lesions, in this study we report a 9.5-year-old boy with failure to thrive since infancy which remitted after excision of a brain stem astrocytoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 5","pages":"265-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Immunohistochemical studies on the development of 5-HT (serotonin) neurons in the nuclei of the reticular formations of human fetuses. 人胎儿网状结构细胞核中5-羟色胺神经元发育的免疫组织化学研究。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120485
W Z Shen, Z B Luo, D R Zheng, D T Yew
{"title":"Immunohistochemical studies on the development of 5-HT (serotonin) neurons in the nuclei of the reticular formations of human fetuses.","authors":"W Z Shen,&nbsp;Z B Luo,&nbsp;D R Zheng,&nbsp;D T Yew","doi":"10.1159/000120485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>5-HT-positive neurons were detected by the PAP immunohistochemical methods in different nuclei of the reticular formations of human fetuses as early as 10 weeks of gestation. The majority of positive 5-HT cells were located in dorsal raphe and central superior nuclei, and there was a reduction of these neurons per 40-microns section as the fetus aged.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 6","pages":"291-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120485","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13634382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the spinal cord associated with neural tube defect. 脊髓原发性原始神经外胚层肿瘤伴神经管缺损。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120466
D R Freyer, R J Hutchinson, P E McKeever
{"title":"Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the spinal cord associated with neural tube defect.","authors":"D R Freyer,&nbsp;R J Hutchinson,&nbsp;P E McKeever","doi":"10.1159/000120466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain spinal-cord (SC) neoplasms, principally lipomas and dermoid tumors, have been diagnosed in association with characteristic neuroskeletal malformations thought to result from neural-tube defects (NTD). To our knowledge, no such association has been recognized for primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the SC (PNET-SC), an SC malignancy which has been reported in only 3 children and 5 adults. We describe here the occurrence and treatment results of PNET-SC in a boy who exhibited several neuroskeletal malformations suggestive of an underlying NTD. By undertaking a comparative analysis of the literature with respect to both the histology and the clinical presentation of this child's tumor, we document an occurrence of an uncommon malignancy, PNET-SC, and identify PNET-SC as another SC neoplasma which may be associated with NTD.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 4","pages":"181-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13705093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 57
Pseudocysts of the abdomen associated with ventriculoperitoneal shunts: a report of twelve cases and a review of the literature. 腹腔假性囊肿合并脑室腹腔分流:附十二例报告及文献复习。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120436
S J Gaskill, A E Marlin
{"title":"Pseudocysts of the abdomen associated with ventriculoperitoneal shunts: a report of twelve cases and a review of the literature.","authors":"S J Gaskill,&nbsp;A E Marlin","doi":"10.1159/000120436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shunt complications are reported to occur at a rate of approximately 26%. One of the less frequent but important complications is that of the pseudocyst. Since Harsh's first mention of a periumbilical cyst associated with a shunt in 1954, 44 cases have been reported in the literature. These are reviewed in addition to 12 cases of our own. From the collected series several features about the etiology and management become apparent. The most common presentation is that of abdominal distension and/or pain rather than shunt malfunction. Diagnosis is then readily made with ultrasonography. Etiologically, it is evident that an inflammatory process is a frequent predisposing factor. In our series 16% had acute infection, 41.6% had a past history of CSF infection (6 months to 6.2 years), and 16% had CNS tumor although tumor cells were not isolated from the peritoneal cysts. Our management of the cyst itself was different from that reported in other series; it was found that the cyst reabsorbed spontaneously without excision or aspiration once the CSF was diverted. The peritoneal cavity could then be used for shunting once the cyst had reabsorbed. This sometimes required conversion to an atrial or pleural shunt before reutilization of the peritoneal cavity. There were no problems with cyst recurrence despite the conversion of 58% of the shunts to ventriculoperitoneal shunts with follow-up ranging from 3 months to 4 years. The mode of management of both the cyst and the hydrocephalus is reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 1","pages":"23-6; discussion 26-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120436","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13840302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 90
Management of choroid plexus tumors in children. 儿童脉络膜丛肿瘤的治疗。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120468
D L Johnson
{"title":"Management of choroid plexus tumors in children.","authors":"D L Johnson","doi":"10.1159/000120468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Choroid plexus tumors are most common in the first year of life and are quite large at presentation. Total resection is the treatment of choice, and many children require diversion of the cerebrospinal fluid despite removal of the tumor. Tumor size and associated hydrocephalus present formidable challenges to the pediatric neurosurgeon. The operative approaches as well as other treatment options are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 4","pages":"195-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13630053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 56
Stereotactic decompression of a prepontine arachnoid cyst with resolution of precocious puberty. 立体定向减压术治疗先期性早熟的蛛网膜囊肿。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120441
T A Sweasey, J L Venes, T W Hood, J B Randall
{"title":"Stereotactic decompression of a prepontine arachnoid cyst with resolution of precocious puberty.","authors":"T A Sweasey,&nbsp;J L Venes,&nbsp;T W Hood,&nbsp;J B Randall","doi":"10.1159/000120441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A case of a prepontine (clival) arachnoid cyst is reported. The patient presented with isosexual precocious puberty. Treatment was initially with fenestration by suboccipital craniectomy, however, definitive treatment was via stereotactic transfrontal placement of a cystoperitoneal shunt. Normalization of endocrine function has occurred and has persisted for 1 year. This case is presented as a contrast to the two approaches for the treatment of arachnoid cysts. The case will be described and the literature reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 1","pages":"44-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120441","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13777058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Neuroectodermal appendages: the human tail explained. 神经外胚层附属物:人类尾巴的解释。
Pediatric neuroscience Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000120450
S J Gaskill, A E Marlin
{"title":"Neuroectodermal appendages: the human tail explained.","authors":"S J Gaskill,&nbsp;A E Marlin","doi":"10.1159/000120450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000120450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human tail has been intermittently described in the literature since the early 1900s. These have typically been isolated cases presented primarily with intrigue and medical curiosity. Presented here is a series of 6 neuroectodermal appendages with a proposal for their etiological development. The material presented will support a theory of the superficial extension of a dermal sinus tract in the formation of neuroectodermal appendages. These are characterized by: a posterior localization in or near the midline, a tubular or 'tail-like' appearance, extension of the appendage into the spinal canal with attachment to neural elements, variable vertebral defects and occasionally an associated appendage which may appear as either a separate entity (probably due to breakage during development) or in connection with the posterior appendage. The appropriate evaluation and treatment of this entity will also be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77766,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric neuroscience","volume":"15 2","pages":"95-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000120450","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13776462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
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