Neurochemical pathology最新文献_第4页

A developmental study of fatty acyl group contents in the peripheral nervous system of normal and trembler mice. 正常和震颤小鼠周围神经系统脂肪酰基含量的发育研究。

Neurochemical pathology Pub Date : 1987-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02834215

A Heape, F Boiron, C Cassagne

{"title":"A developmental study of fatty acyl group contents in the peripheral nervous system of normal and trembler mice.","authors":"A Heape, F Boiron, C Cassagne","doi":"10.1007/BF02834215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02834215","url":null,"abstract":"We quantitated the content of the fatty acyl groups of sciatic nerves from normal and Trembler mice between the postnatal ages of 5 and 60 d. Palmitoyl, stearoyl, and unsaturated 18-carbon groups increased normally in Trembler nerves during the first 9 d, after which their levels were notably lower than those observed for the normal littermates. In good agreement, the synthesis of palmitic acid by the fatty acid synthetase was normal in the PNS of 9-d-old Trembler mice. \"Myelin-specific\" saturated very long chain fatty acyl groups (VLCFAG) were deficient at all ages studied, the deficiency increasing from about 2.5-fold at 5 d, to 26-fold at 60 d, compared to the maximal 3- to 4-fold decrease observed for the more ubiquitous shorter chains. The results presented in this paper suggest that the highly abnormal VLCFAG content of the mutant nerves cannot be accounted for by an abnormal fatty acid synthetase activity. For the fatty acyl chains with 18 carbon atoms, however, the deficiency observed after 9 d of age can be almost entirely explained by the diminished levels of palmitic acid. The relatively late occurrence of the palmitic acid deficiency compared with that of the VLCFAG and the normal palmitate synthetase activity observed in young mutant mice indicates that the former is an indirect consequence of the Trembler mutation.","PeriodicalId":77753,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemical pathology","volume":"7 2","pages":"157-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02834215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14570902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Phospholipases, lysophospholipases, and lipases and their involvement in various diseases. 磷脂酶，溶血磷脂酶和脂肪酶及其在各种疾病中的作用。

Neurochemical pathology Pub Date : 1987-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02834212

A A Farooqui, W A Taylor, L A Horrocks

引用次数: 28

Regional profile of polyamines in reversible cerebral ischemia of Mongolian gerbils. 蒙古沙鼠可逆性脑缺血多胺的区域分布。

Neurochemical pathology Pub Date : 1987-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02834214

W Paschen, J Hallmayer, G Mies

{"title":"Regional profile of polyamines in reversible cerebral ischemia of Mongolian gerbils.","authors":"W Paschen, J Hallmayer, G Mies","doi":"10.1007/BF02834214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02834214","url":null,"abstract":"Reversible cerebral ischemia was produced in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) by occluding both common carotid arteries. After 5 min ischemia brains were recirculated for 8, 24, 48, 72, or 96 h. An additional 6 animals were subjected to 10 min ischemia and 24 h recirculation. Sham-operated animals served as controls. At the end of the experiments, brains were frozen in situ and cut in a cryostat. Coronal sections, 10 micron thick, were taken for histological staining. In addition, tissue samples (2-4 mg each) were taken from the cortex, lateral caudoputamen, CA1-layer of the hippocampus, and thalamus. Polyamines (spermidine, spermine, and the precursor putrescine) were measured in these samples using reverse-phase HPLC and fluorescence detection after extraction and precolumn derivatization. Five-minute cerebral ischemia had no effect on the levels of putrescine, spermidine, or spermine. However, following recirculation, putrescine increased markedly with time, being most pronounced in the CA1-subfield of the hippocampus, less so in the cortex, and even less so in the thalamus. After prolonged recirculation, severe neuronal necroses could be observed only in regions exhibiting high putrescine levels. Spermidine or spermine did not change during recirculation, except in severely damaged regions: Here, spermine levels were markedly reduced following prolonged recirculation. The post-ischemic increase in putrescine is discussed in respect to the known multiple activities of putrescine.","PeriodicalId":77753,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemical pathology","volume":"7 2","pages":"143-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02834214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14570900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 48

The multimolecular cascade of spinal cord injury. Studies on prostanoids, calcium, and proteinases. 脊髓损伤的多分子级联。前列腺素、钙和蛋白酶的研究。

Neurochemical pathology Pub Date : 1987-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02834292

N L Banik, E L Hogan, C Y Hsu

{"title":"The multimolecular cascade of spinal cord injury. Studies on prostanoids, calcium, and proteinases.","authors":"N L Banik, E L Hogan, C Y Hsu","doi":"10.1007/BF02834292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02834292","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental spinal cord injury in animals induced by weight drop produces neurological deficit and paralysis. Correlation of the progressive morphological changes in the lesion by both light and electron microscopy with the biochemical alterations revealed ischemia, edema, hemorrhage, tissue necrosis, granular changes in axons, vesicular degeneration of myelin and axonal calcification. The biochemical pathology was that of degradation of axonal (neurofilaments) and myelin proteins (MBP and PLP) with increased activities of proteolytic enzymes and particularly the neutral proteinase. The level of total calcium increased progressively in the lesion to a peak at 8 hrs. and subsequently remained constant thereafter. The capacity of calcium for activating proteinases and lipases and fostering the degradation of axon and myelin proteins as well as the liberation of arachidonic acid required for the synthesis of prostanoids must be relevant. An increased production of prostanoids is indicated by elevation of thromboxane (TxB2), a stable metabolite of TXA2 at 1 hour after injury. The 6-keto-PG1(1)a was also increased but to a lesser extent. We suspect that the activation of arachidonic acid metabolism contributes to post-traumatic vascular injury and the progressive ischemia. These putative roles for calcium in proteolysis and lipolysis, inducing degradation of macromolecules and production of prostanoids which initiate edema, lysolecithin a myelinolytic factor and mitochondrial dysfunction in spinal cord injury are discussed.","PeriodicalId":77753,"journal":{"name":"Neurochemical pathology","volume":"7 1","pages":"57-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02834292","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14455981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 59

Eicosanoids, plasma membranes, and molecular mechanisms of spinal cord injury. 类二十烷酸、质膜和脊髓损伤的分子机制。

Neurochemical pathology Pub Date : 1987-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02834288

R Saunders, L A Horrocks

引用次数: 32

Glucocorticoids and head injury. A possible participation of lipocortin (lipomodulin) in actions of the steroid hormones. 糖皮质激素和头部损伤。脂皮质素(脂调素)可能参与类固醇激素的作用。

Neurochemical pathology Pub Date : 1987-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02834290

F Hirata

引用次数: 1

Spinal cord extracellular microenvironment. Can the changes resulting from trauma be graded? 脊髓细胞外微环境。创伤造成的改变可以分级吗?

Neurochemical pathology Pub Date : 1987-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02834291

B T Stokes, S K Somerson