JAPCA Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1989.10466545

T F Wolfinger

{"title":"Screening-level assessment of airborne carcinogen risks from uncontrolled waste sites.","authors":"T F Wolfinger","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1989.10466545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1989.10466545","url":null,"abstract":"This report presents screening-level estimates of the general level of cancer risks arising from air emission from uncontrolled waste sites. Twenty-five National Priorities List sites were chosen randomly and airborne cancer risks estimated for each site in terms of risk to the maximally exposed individual (MEI risk), average individual risk (AEI risk), and population incidence. The estimates were developed using the EPA Human Exposure Model using assumptions on the rate and toxicity of site emissions. MEI risks ranged from 4 X 10(-9) to 1 X 10(-6) with an average of about 5 X 10(-7). AEI risks for individuals residing within four miles of the sites average about 10(-8), declining significantly for individuals residing at longer distances. Population incidence was low at all sites ranging from 2 X 10(-4) to 1 X 10(-2) cancer cases expected within 60 miles of the sites. Due to the uncertainties in this type of analysis and the underlying study assumptions, these results must be viewed with caution. Nonetheless, some preliminary conclusions can be drawn from the analysis, principally that airborne cancer risks from uncontrolled waste sites are likely to be small in most cases, with the greatest concern being maximally exposed individuals rather than the number of cancer cases expected in the exposed population.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"39 4","pages":"461-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1989.10466545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13864097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Adaptation by older individuals repeatedly exposed to 0.45 parts per million ozone for two hours. 老年人反复暴露在百万分之0.45的臭氧环境中两小时的适应能力。

JAPCA Pub Date : 1989-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1989.10466521

J F Bedi, S M Horvath, D M Drechsler-Parks

{"title":"Adaptation by older individuals repeatedly exposed to 0.45 parts per million ozone for two hours.","authors":"J F Bedi, S M Horvath, D M Drechsler-Parks","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1989.10466521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1989.10466521","url":null,"abstract":"To test for an increased reaction to ozone (O3) in older individuals following an initial exposure, and to test for adaptation and its duration, we exposed 10 men and 6 women (60-89 years old) in an environmental chamber to filtered air and 3 consecutive days of O3 exposure (0.45 ppm), followed by a fourth O3 exposure day after a two day hiatus. Subjects alternated 20-min exercise (minute ventilation = 27 L) and rest periods for 2 hours during each exposure. Subjects rated from one to five, 16 possible respiratory/exercise symptoms prior to and following the exposure. Pulmonary function tests were performed before, and during each rest period and following the exposure. Metabolic measurements were obtained during each exercise period. No significant changes in any symptom question occurred, in spite of a threefold increase in the total number of reported symptoms during O3 exposure. Small but significant pre-to-post decrements on the first and second O3 days in forced vital capacity (FVC-111 and 104 mL), forced expiratory volume in 1 (FEV1-171 and 164 mL) and 3 seconds (FEV3-185 and 172 mL) occurred without concomitant changes in any flow parameter of the forced expiratory maneuver. No differences in the group mean response in FVC, FEV1 or FEV3 on the third or fourth day of O3 exposure and the filtered air exposure were found. The observed changes were due to significant physiological changes in eight of the subjects. Unlike young subjects, no evidence of an increased pulmonary function response to a second consecutive O3 exposure was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"39 2","pages":"194-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1989.10466521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13856025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Emission of airborne bacteria from a hospital incinerator. 医院焚化炉排放的空气中细菌。

JAPCA Pub Date : 1989-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1989.10466516

R J Allen, G R Brenniman, R R Logue, V A Strand

引用次数: 15

Environmental litigation. 环境诉讼。

JAPCA Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/springerreference_29553

G. A. Rodenhausen

引用次数: 4

Ozone trends in Atlanta, Georgia: have emission controls been effective? 乔治亚州亚特兰大的臭氧趋势:排放控制是否有效?

JAPCA Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1989.10466505

R W Lindsay, J L Richardson, W L Chameides

{"title":"Ozone trends in Atlanta, Georgia: have emission controls been effective?","authors":"R W Lindsay, J L Richardson, W L Chameides","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1989.10466505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1989.10466505","url":null,"abstract":"Nine years of summertime ozone data from the Atlanta metropolitan area are analyzed and compared to local emissions of volatile organic carbon and nitrogen oxides. Trends from 1979 to 1987 were studied for the number of days per year ozone exceeded the NAAQS standard, the second-highest ozone level observed per year, and the first quartile summertime average ozone observed, as well as the mean difference between the ozone level observed downwind and upwind of the city. Because this last parameter is sensitive to chemical factors but relatively insensitive to the number of days each year with meteorological conditions conducive to ozone formation, its trend may be best suited for determining how effective emission controls have been in reducing O3 in the Atlanta area. In spite of the fact that sizeable reductions have been claimed for volatile organic carbon emissions over the past several years, the data give no indication that ozone levels have decreased and in fact imply that summertime ozone production may have increased. The results imply that either emissions have not decreased as much as has been claimed or that ozone is not sensitive to anthropogenic volatile organic carbon emissions. In either event, a reevaluation of our nation's strategy for O3 abatement in Atlanta and comparable cities is needed.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"39 1","pages":"40-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1989.10466505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13849619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Monitoring of parts-per-billion levels of formaldehyde using a diffusive sampler. 使用扩散采样器监测十亿分之一的甲醛水平。

JAPCA Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1989.10466506

J O Levin, R Lindahl, K Andersson

引用次数: 20

Speciation of arsenic in ambient aerosols collected in Los Angeles. 洛杉矶收集的大气气溶胶中砷的形态。

JAPCA Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1989.10466511

E S Rabano, N T Castillo, K J Torre, P A Solomon

{"title":"Speciation of arsenic in ambient aerosols collected in Los Angeles.","authors":"E S Rabano, N T Castillo, K J Torre, P A Solomon","doi":"10.1080/08940630.1989.10466511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08940630.1989.10466511","url":null,"abstract":"First-time measurements of the potentially toxic inorganic species of arsenic (arsenite and arsenate) have been obtained in fine (less than 2.5 microns AD) and coarse (greater than 2.5 microns AD) atmospheric particles in the Los Angeles area. A recently developed method that includes procedures for sample collection, preparation, and analysis was used in this study. Size-fractionated aerosol samples were collected with a high-volume dichotomous virtual impactor that employed polytetrafluoroethylene filters. Results were obtained for the recovery of arsenic standards added to unexposed and collected filters. Data from this study, indicated that the recently developed speciation method can be used to determine concentrations of As(III) and As(V) in atmospheric particulate matter samples. Size-fractionated aerosol samples were collected in the city of Industry during January and February 1987. In most samples, As(III) and As(V) were above the detection limit (approximately 1 ng m-3 of either species) in both aerosol size fractions. A greater portion (about 75 percent) of the two species were observed in the fine particles. The As(III)/As(V) ratio for both particle sizes was close to 1 (i.e., an equal mixture of both species). Comparison of total suspended particulate arsenic measured by the speciation method to that measured by a routine California Air Resources Board-approved procedure showed good agreement (r = 0.94), indicating both methods were approximately equivalent for the collection and analysis of aerosol arsenic.","PeriodicalId":77731,"journal":{"name":"JAPCA","volume":"39 1","pages":"76-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08940630.1989.10466511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13849488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Hazardous waste minimization: Part X. The waste minimization assessment: a useful tool for the reduction of industrial hazardous wastes. 尽量减少危险废物:第十部分尽量减少废物评估:减少工业危险废物的有用工具。

JAPCA Pub Date : 1988-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466494

M. Drabkin

引用次数: 8

Hazardous waste minimization: Part X. The waste minimization assessment: a useful tool for the reduction of industrial hazardous wastes. 尽量减少危险废物:第十部分尽量减少废物评估:减少工业危险废物的有用工具。

JAPCA Pub Date : 1988-12-01

M Drabkin

引用次数: 0

Adsorption characteristics of activated carbon and XAD4 resin for the removal of hazardous organic solvents. 活性炭和XAD4树脂对有害有机溶剂的吸附特性研究。

JAPCA Pub Date : 1988-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1988.10466490

K E Noll, J N Sarlis

引用次数: 6

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