{"title":"Quantification of large C3 fragments as an index of complement activation in mice. II. In vivo studies.","authors":"J Lulé, G J Fournié, J J Conté","doi":"10.1159/000467822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A method which enables to evaluate the mouse C3 activation has been used to study the activation of the complement system in C57Bl/6 mice injected with cobra venom factor, with Escherichia coli, and with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. It was found that this method was able to detect the complement activation early, at a time when total levels of C3-reacting molecules had not yet decreased.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 2","pages":"103-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467822","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17459584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Purification and characterization of the ninth component of rabbit complement.","authors":"G M Hänsch, G Rummel, F Gänzler","doi":"10.1159/000467824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A method of purification of C9 from rabbit serum is described. The three-step procedure, consisting of anion exchange chromatography, gel-filtration and isoelectric focusing yielded a homogeneous, single band protein as judged by SDS-PAGE. With regard to its physicochemical properties, rabbit C9 resembled C9 purified from human or guinea-pig serum.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 2","pages":"116-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467824","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17600965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Charge and size heterogeneity of C3d following in vivo and in vitro activation of the complement system.","authors":"B Teisner, J Hau, J Folkersen, H H Jepsen","doi":"10.1159/000467812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Split products of the third complement factor (C3) expressing D but not C epitopes (C3d) were analyzed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis and size chromatography. Four molecular forms (termed 1, 2, 3, and 4 from the anodic side) were identified. The precipitation pattern of C3d in serum following acute in vivo activation was similar to the patterns observed using in vitro activation by MgCl2, zymosan, Escherichia coli, and delta IgG. These patterns were different from those observed in normal human serum and serum from a patient suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus. The molecular weights of forms 1 and 4 were approximately 170,000 daltons and those of forms 2 and 3 approximately 40,000 daltons.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":"36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467812","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17152942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"'Inactivated' third component of complement (C3b-like C3; C3i) acquires C5 binding capacity and supports C5 activation upon covalent fixation to a solid surface.","authors":"W Vogt, B Lühmann, D Hesse","doi":"10.1159/000467820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The haemolytic activity of human C3 was destroyed by freezing and thawing or by treatment with methylamine. This partially denatured C3 (C3i) was coupled to activated Thiol-Sepharose via its single SH group. The fixed C3i was capable of reversibly binding C5 and of supporting C5 cleavage in the presence of factors B and D. Soluble C3i lacked these properties. C3i was also fixed to sheep red cells which had been supplied with activated thiol groups by treatment with N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)-propionate. The E-C3i thus obtained were lysed by factors B, D and late complement components C5-C9. The experiments demonstrate that upon fixation, C3i becomes C3b-like in functional activity directed to C5 utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 2","pages":"87-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17600967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantification of C1-inhibitor functional activities by immunodiffusion assay in plasma of patients with hereditary angioedema--evidence of a functionally critical level of C1-inhibitor concentration.","authors":"P J Späth, B Wüthrich, R Bütler","doi":"10.1159/000467830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship of C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) concentration and apparent functional activity was investigated in 111 plasma samples from 21 patients with the common form of hereditary angioedema (HAE). Functional C1-INH was analyzed by means of a modified version of immunodiffusion assay. Down to a C1-INH level of approximately 0.075 g/l (38% of normal) apparent C1-INH functions were found within the normal range, while below this level functional adequacy of C1-INH could no longer be ascertained. When C4 concentrations, considered to reflect approximately functional C1-INH, were related to C1-INH antigen levels of individual samples, a relationship emerged which was identical to that between C1-INH concentration and apparent function. No attacks of edema could be associated with C1-INH concentrations above 0.075 g/l, while it was possible to associate attacks with concentrations below this level. In experiments where patient plasma and normal plasma were mixed in various ratios or where HAE plasma was replaced by purified C1-INH, an increase in C1-INH antigen to concentrations of 0.06-0.08 g/l was followed by a sharp rise in apparent functions to normal values. The rise of functional C1-INH became moderate when C1-INH antigen further increased. The results supported the idea of a functionally critical level of C1-INH in the common form of HAE.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 3","pages":"147-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467830","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17503186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inhibition of the complement activation by an adrenal androgen, dehydroepiandrosterone.","authors":"T Hidvégi, G K Fehér, T Fehér, E Koó, G Füst","doi":"10.1159/000467838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DEA), an adrenal androgen successfully used for preventing attacks in hereditary angioneurotic edema (HANE) patients was studied on the activation of classical and alternative complement pathway. The steroid inhibited both the spontaneous and immune activation of the classical complement pathway (CP), the former effect, however, was found to be more marked than the latter one. DEA exerted its inhibiting effect most probably by interfering with the internal activation of C1. Because DEA rendered HANE patients symptom free but induced only a slight increase in their serum C1-INH level, our present findings suggest that inhibition of CP activation may have a significance in the therapeutic effect of DEA and possibly of other androgens as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 4","pages":"201-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467838","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17304858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of danazol on the production of C1 inhibitor in the guinea pig.","authors":"I H Al-Abdullah, R B Sim, J Sheil, J F Greally","doi":"10.1159/000467811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The production of C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) in guinea pig liver was studied following administration of danazol. Immunochemical assays of the inhibitor were performed on serial serum specimens. An increase in serum C1-INH was observed following danazol treatment. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed that the liver is the sole site of synthesis of C1-INH in guinea pigs. This appears to occur in certain clones of hepatocytes. Ultrastructural studies revealed an increase in coarse endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in danazol-treated animals. In in vitro studies with liver slices, however, more C1-INH was detected in culture supernatants from untreated animals than from danazol-treated animals. This observation suggests that secretion of C1-INH from stimulated hepatocytes may require additional factors which are present in vivo but not in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":"27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467811","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17459582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of complement effects on kinetics of immune precipitation.","authors":"V D Miletić, B D Rodić","doi":"10.1159/000467837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influence of complement on the kinetics of immune precipitation was investigated by using simple kinetic tests. In the early phase of immune precipitate (IPPT) formation, it was demonstrated that complement caused inhibition of precipitation only. After formation of a certain critical IPPT mass, alternative pathway-dependent enhancement of precipitation was observed, followed by solubilization of 'enhanced' IPPT and, at last, by solubilization of preformed IPPT. Contrary to inhibition and IPPT solubilization, enhancement of IPPT formation does not change IPPT ability to react with fresh complement.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 4","pages":"194-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467837","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17459587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structure and activation of C1: current concepts.","authors":"M G Colomb, G J Arlaud, C L Villiers","doi":"10.1159/000467818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467818","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 2","pages":"69-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467818","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17167134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M B Goldman, M B Prystowsky, J Ely, F W Fitch, J N Goldman
{"title":"Enhancement of macrophage survival and complement production by factors from cloned T cells.","authors":"M B Goldman, M B Prystowsky, J Ely, F W Fitch, J N Goldman","doi":"10.1159/000467815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000467815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The addition of supernatants of some cloned mouse T cell lines to guinea pig peritoneal cells in tissue culture increased the production of the second (C2) and fourth (C4) components of complement as well as the enzyme beta-glucuronidase. Enumeration of cell populations demonstrated a simultaneous increase in cell survival. Supernatants that augmented functions of the cultured cells were obtained after alloantigen stimulation of a T cell line of C57BL/6 origin termed L2, but supernatants from a variant cell line derived from L2 and termed L2V had no effect. A delay of as little as 24 h in the addition of L2 T cell factors at the start of the cultures markedly diminished the effects on the cultured cells that were ordinarily observed 1-2 weeks later. These experiments suggest that, in this xenogenic system, complement-enhancing activity is part of a general stimulation of macrophages by cloned T cell factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":77697,"journal":{"name":"Complement (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":"58-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000467815","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17396882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}