American Journal on Addictions最新文献

{"title":"SECURE YOUR SPOT: AAAP Live Webinars – September 2025 series","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Call for Special Issue Papers 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FREE WEBINAR: Master MI Techniques with Dr. Brian Borsari, September 10, 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to commentary, from Bisol et al., on “Tobacco use and impulsivity in people with mental illness: A systematic review,” Praecht, A. et al. (2025). Am. J. Addict. 34–4: 383–403","authors":"Angela Praecht PhD (Cand),&nbsp;Shivahn Garvie BSc,&nbsp;Maryam Sorkhou PhD (Cand),&nbsp;James MacKillop PhD,&nbsp;Tony P. George MD, FRCPC","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70077","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajad.70077","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 5","pages":"573-574"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144939443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The difficulties of establishing the role of impulsivity on tobacco use in mental disorders","authors":"Guilherme Nobre Nogueira MS,&nbsp;Leonardo Gouveia Filgueiras Sampaio MD,&nbsp;Thalles Rodrigues Alves Leite MS,&nbsp;Fabio Gomes de Matos e Souza MD, PhD,&nbsp;Luísa Weber Bisol MD, PhD","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70076","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajad.70076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 5","pages":"571-572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct oral microbiomes in individuals with tobacco smoking compared to nonsmoking healthy individuals.","authors":"Ruth Adekunle, Jordan Monteith, Zhuang Wan, Joshua P Smith, Enrique Espinosa, Lei Huang, Wei Jiang","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Chronic tobacco smoking contributes to oral health problems, such as periodontitis and tooth decay, which can result from smoking-altered oral microbiomes. The impact of chronic tobacco smoking on the oral microbiome remains not fully understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study comparing the oral salivary microbiomes of 20 chronic tobacco smokers and 23 nonsmoking controls, all of whom were Chinese males, using microbial 16S rRNA sequencing. The duration of smoking, age, and information on gingivitis were collected and analyzed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test and a regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most increased and decreased oral microbiomes in smokers versus controls were the genera Streptococcus and Neisseria, respectively. After adjusting for age, gingivitis, smoking duration, and FDR, only the abundance of the Pectinatus genus and Streptococcus australis species was significantly increased in smokers compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>This study reveals that long-term oral tobacco smoking is associated with the enrichment of some proinflammatory microbiomes, such as S. australis.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>Our study suggests that maintaining good oral hygiene, using oral probiotics that reduce proinflammatory microbiomes, or treating oral diseases may help prevent the pathogenesis of tobacco-enriched commensal pathobionts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of rs2036527 as a cis-regulatory variant for CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 by allele-specific expression and implications for nicotine dependence and lung cancer.","authors":"Tao Peng, Xiao-Qian Shi, Hao Guo, Hai-Yan Li, Xi-Ting Zhou, Hong-Li Song, Xin-Xin Zhang, Wei-Ping Fu, Chang Sun","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Numerous genome-wide association studies suggest that rs1051730 is significantly associated with nicotine dependence and further lung cancer in Caucasian. Since rs1051730 is a synonymous variant at CHRNA3 (cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 3 subunit), it might be hypothesized that the causal variant might be other SNP(s) in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LD analysis and functional genomics work, including chromosome conformation capture (3C), luciferase assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Allele-specific expression indicates an overexpression of C allele than T at rs1051730 in lung tissues, thus verifying the hypothesis. Through LD analysis for 1000 genomes project data, 17 genetic variants are identified in strong LD with rs1051730. 3C indicates that two restrictive segments, chr15:78845145-78852557 and chr15:78867861-78872762, display high interaction efficiency with CHRNA3 promoter and contain two SNPs in core haplotype, rs72740964 and rs2036527, respectively. Luciferase assay suggests that only rs2036527 can alter enhancer activity. Further 3C indicates that CHRNA5 (cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 subunit) is an additional target of the enhancer containing rs2036527, which is verified by expression quantitative trait locus analysis. By ChIP, the related transcription factor, FOXA2 (forkhead box A2), is identified and their interaction is evaluated.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>rs2036527 is the cis-regulatory variant for CHRNA3 and CHRNA5, which can further influence nicotine dependence.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>This is the first report to indicate that rs2036527 genotype might be a better marker to predict the probability of developing nicotine dependence and that FOXA2, CHRNA5, and CHRNA3 might be treatment targets for nicotine dependence.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying treatment responders to the combination of varenicline and naltrexone.","authors":"Suzanna Donato, Lara A Ray","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The heterogeneity of alcohol and tobacco co-use suggests that only a subset of individuals will respond to a given pharmacotherapy. Toward identifying treatment responders, statistical learning was applied to a clinical trial combining naltrexone and varenicline for smoking cessation and drinking reduction.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Individuals (N = 165) who smoke cigarettes daily and drink alcohol heavily completed a Phase 2, double blind, randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of combination varenicline plus naltrexone versus varenicline plus placebo. Smoking cessation was defined by bio-verified nicotine abstinence. Drinking reduction was defined as a 2-level reduction in the World Health Organization (WHO) risk drinking level. Three statistical learning methods (ridge regression, LASSO regression, and random forest) were tested psychosocial and biological predictors of clinical response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For drinking reduction, the LASSO regression had the highest overall accuracy (86%) and AUC (0.88). Important predictors included baseline alcohol consumption, baseline smoking urge, age of first cigarette use, and years of education. For nicotine abstinence, LASSO regression had the highest overall accuracy AUC (0.69). Important predictors included medication condition, expired alveolar CO level, baseline alcohol consumption, depression symptoms, and years of education.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Baseline consumption patterns are a strong predictor of clinical outcome for both smoking cessation and drinking reduction. Results also underscore the important cross-relationship between drinking and smoking. Statistical learning models converged with previous hypothesis-driven studies and were well-suited for clinical trial datasets.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>These findings highlight candidate variables that, with further validation, may support the development of personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opioid overdose prevention and response training for medical students: Does training provide a benefit beyond the traditional curriculum, and are the gains of early training maintained?","authors":"Tabitha E H Moses, T Rose Harrison, Monya Ali, Jessica Moreno, Eva Waineo, Mark K Greenwald","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Drug-related overdoses remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Medical students contribute to harm reduction efforts and must be prepared to support individuals with substance use disorder (SUDs). This study aimed to better understand the unique, long-term effects of and optimal timing for medical student training on overdose prevention and response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical students in the Class of 2023 (N = 296) at a single institution in the Midwest of the United States were asked to complete surveys annually and after educational interventions. Half were randomly selected to receive Opioid Overdose Prevention and Response Training (OOPRT) in M1, and the other half during M3. Mixed-model ANOVAs examined whether training influenced overdose knowledge and attitudes beyond the standard curriculum and explored optimal time for training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OOPRT significantly improved knowledge and attitude measures at 1-year post-training. During M4, we found significant improvements in related knowledge compared to matriculation, with no differences between training groups. Most students enjoyed OOPRT and believed future classes should receive the training.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>OOPRT resulted in significant 1-year improvements in knowledge and attitudes beyond the traditional curriculum. Students trained during M1 showed no knowledge decay compared to those trained later. These findings support SUD and harm reduction curricular reform to ensure medical students learn early how to care for this population.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>This low-barrier intervention can be easily taught to medical students to improve knowledge and attitudes regarding these topics with the goal of improving care of patients across specialties.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasons for electronic cigarette use: Differences based on sex and young adult status.","authors":"David M Ledgerwood, Mannat K Bedi, Danishi K Bedi, Ciara N Cannoy, Leslie H Lundahl","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Reasons for electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adults differ based on demographics, and understanding these differences is essential to tailoring cessation interventions. The aim of this study is to examine differential e-cigarette use reasons based on sex and young-adult status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 965 (42.2% women; 31.1% young adults) adults completed the Reasons for E-cigarette Use Questionnaire, which measures eight motivations for nicotine vaping. Participants also completed demographic and tobacco use measures. Questionnaires were completed on the Prolific crowdsourcing platform. Participant data were grouped by sex (male vs. female) and age group (young adult (≤29 years old) vs. older adult) and analyzed using factorial analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Younger adults endorsed higher social influence motives for use than did older adults, but older adult men also endorsed higher social influence motives than older adult women. Men were more likely than women, and older adults were more likely than young adults, to use e-cigarettes for harm reduction. Younger adults endorsed lower smoking cessation motives, but younger women reported lower cessation motivations than younger men. Young adults endorse higher experiential and flavor motives, but lower dependence use motives. Women endorsed higher dependence motives for use than men.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>This study builds upon existing research for e-cigarette use, particularly showing differences based on sex and young adult status.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>Our findings may inform interventions designed to reduce e-cigarette use and harms, as this is among the first studies to explore age and gender differences in e-cigarette use.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}