American Journal on Addictions最新文献

{"title":"Norfentanyl detection after negative confirmatory testing following heavy illicit fentanyl exposure: A two-patient case series.","authors":"Daisy Valdivieso, Maryam Soltani","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Prolonged fentanyl detection may complicate urine drug testing (UDT). We describe norfentanyl detection after negative confirmatory testing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two patients (N = 2) entering residential treatment after heavy illicitly manufactured fentanyl exposure underwent clinically indicated serial UDT with confirmatory LC-MS/MS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both had negative confirmatory results followed by subsequent low-level urinary norfentanyl detection. Recurrent exposure could not be excluded.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings demonstrate diagnostic uncertainty rather than a defined pharmacokinetic mechanism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and scientific significance: </strong>Low-level norfentanyl after negative confirmatory testing should prompt longitudinal assessment rather than automatic attribution to recurrent use or prolonged detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating co-occurring alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder: A systematic review of combination and multimodal pharmacotherapy.","authors":"Aisha F Sharif, Aava Bushra Jahan, Ihsan M Salloum, Alan N Francis","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) frequently co-occur and are associated with greater symptom severity and elevated suicide risk relative to either disorder alone, yet no pharmacological regimen is approved for the combined indication. This review systematically catalogs trials of combined and multimodal pharmacotherapy for comorbid AUD and MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from inception through May 2024 for randomized or prospective open-label trials of combined pharmacotherapy, or single agents with dual-target activity, in adults with comorbid AUD and MDD. Seven trials (total N = 758) met inclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five trials tested combination regimens (naltrexone+acamprosate; naltrexone+disulfiram; naltrexone+sertraline; acamprosate+escitalopram; aripiprazole+escitalopram) and two tested single agents (vortioxetine; memantine vs. escitalopram). Naltrexone plus sertraline showed the strongest signal of dual benefit on drinking and depressive outcomes; acamprosate plus escitalopram was also promising, although based on a small pilot trial. Neither finding has been independently replicated, and the remaining regimens yielded mixed or modest results.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Converging dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic, opioidergic, and neuroimmune mechanisms support combined pharmacotherapy, but the evidence base remains thin, underpowered, and unreplicated. Available evidence and current integrated-care approaches favor concurrent rather than sequential treatment of AUD and MDD, although the evidence supporting specific pharmacological combinations remains limited.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>This is among the first reviews to integrate combination-pharmacotherapy trials with emerging multimodal single agents for comorbid AUD/MDD, and to map proposed mechanisms onto specific drug pairings, providing a framework for prioritizing future biologically stratified trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gambling behaviors associated with problem gambling among patients in treatment for substance use disorder.","authors":"Anna Pagano, Nadra E Lisha, Jennifer T Le, Caravella McCuistian","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Problem gambling impacts substance use disorder (SUD) treatment outcomes. To support early intervention, this study investigated gambling behaviors associated with problem gambling among SUD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients (N = 593) from 19 residential SUD treatment facilities in California were surveyed about gambling behaviors and services. Patients identified as \"problem gamblers\" screened positive for gambling disorder or reported gambling behaviors at high risk for progression to gambling disorder. Multivariate regression analyses compared problem gamblers to nonproblem gamblers on specific gambling behaviors and receipt of gambling services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total sample, 223 (37.6%) gambled in the past year. Among past-year gamblers, those meeting problem gambling criteria (n = 106) were more likely than nonproblem gamblers to endorse betting on \"games of skill\" including cards (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.46, 3.78) and participating in online/electronic gambling (AOR = 5.61, 95% CI = 2.27, 13.88) and casino games (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.42, 3.72). Patients with problem gambling reported more gambling activity types than nonproblem gamblers (mean difference = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.59, 2.05). Only 35% of patients with problem gambling received gambling services from the SUD treatment program.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Specific gambling behaviors increase risk of problem gambling for SUD patients. SUD treatment programs should screen for and address problem gambling.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>SUD patients may have lower risk thresholds for gambling disorder. This study provides new data on specific behaviors associated with problem gambling among SUD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-based harm reduction training via ECHO: A mentor facilitated educational training for behavioral health providers.","authors":"Namrata Walia, Ethan Faries, Jane Hamilton","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Harm reduction strategies are essential to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with substance use disorders (SUD), yet many healthcare providers report limited training, knowledge gaps, and low confidence in implementing these approaches. Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) offers a virtual telementoring model to address workforce education gaps. This study evaluated the educational impact of an ECHO-based harm reduction training program for behavioral health providers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven harm reduction training sessions were delivered between July and November 2025 through a Project ECHO. Sessions included didactic content and facilitated discussion. Participants completed postsession surveys assessing self-reported knowledge, relevance to clinical practice, intention to apply learning, and instructional balance. Descriptive analyses were conducted using ECHO platform analytics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 186 participants registered, with 93 attendees across sessions. The audience was multidisciplinary, predominantly physicians. Self-reported knowledge improved following training, with the proportion reporting high knowledge increasing from 37.9% pre-session to 75.9% post-session. Most participants rated the content as very or extremely relevant (82.8%) and reported definite or probable intent to apply learning (93.1%). The majority endorsed an appropriate balance of didactic and interactive components.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>ECHO-based harm reduction training was feasible and associated with meaningful improvements in provider knowledge, relevance, and intention to implement harm reduction strategies.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>This study supports Project ECHO as a scalable model to disseminate harm reduction education and strengthen the behavioral health workforce in community settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opioid withdrawal syndrome-associated cognitive impairment: A narrative review.","authors":"Faizan Khan, Nazli Tunali, R Andrew Chambers","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Opioid withdrawal syndrome (OWS) comprises a transient constellation of subjective symptoms and objective signs expressed by brain and other organs. Although cognitive impairment is well documented in opioid use and addiction, little is known about cognitive impairment that may specifically accompany OWS. This paper explores accumulating literature describing Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome-associated Cognitive Impairment (OWSCI) which may inform clinical care and therapeutics research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of studies published before August 2026 was conducted via PubMed and Google Scholar (309 and 626 papers screened) via crossing \"cognition\" with \"opioid withdrawal,\" \"early opioid abstinence,\" \"opioid use,\" or \"opioid addiction.\" Bibliography searches were also conducted of core target papers defined as human adult studies measuring cognition during OWS from 1 to 15 days after last opioid use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only seven studies were identified meeting core criteria. These varied considerably by design, patient samples, comorbidities, timing and methods of cognitive testing, and OWS treatments. The evidence thus far suggests OWSCI is a measurable transient feature of OWS that overlays, and is modulated by, a wide range of clinical variables including opioid history, medication treatments, other addictions, and neuropsychiatric comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Future studies on OWSCI entailing more rigorous experimental controls and standardizations, while accounting for diverse comorbidities and OWS treatments, are needed to more fully characterize OWSCI.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>Growing data on OWSCI are deepening our understanding of neurobiological and clinical dimensions of OWS, potentially providing clues for improving treatments for patients transitioning through OWS into opioid-free recoveries.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How common is alcohol use disorder in posttraumatic stress disorder? A systematic review, meta-analysis, and moderator analysis.","authors":"Maria Olivia Pozzolo Pedro, Manoela Pozzolo Pedro, Gabriella Zimmer Monteiro, Valquíria Custodio Klaumann, Priscila Dib Gonçalves, Silvia S Martins, João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Comorbidity between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) complicates care, yet reported prevalence varies widely across settings and methods. We estimated AUD prevalence among adults with PTSD and identified sources of variability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, the Virtual Health Library, and SciELO through June 2025, without language restrictions. All included studies were published in English. Observational studies reporting current or lifetime AUD in adults with PTSD were included (20 studies; 185,432 participants). Two reviewers independently appraised quality. Multilevel random-effects meta-analysis, trim-and-fill, sensitivity analyses, and meta-regressions were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After excluding studies that relied solely on screening instruments, current AUD studies were insufficient for meta-analysis (k = 3); results are restricted to lifetime prevalence. Pooled lifetime AUD prevalence was 35.58% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.48%-48.48%), with high heterogeneity (I² = 99.37%). Trim-and-fill identified no missing studies. Meta-regression indicated that clinical sample source (vs. community), inpatient care setting (vs. outpatient), and veteran status (vs. non-veteran) were associated with higher lifetime AUD prevalence; a higher proportion of female participants was associated with lower prevalence, and a current versus lifetime PTSD assessment with higher prevalence.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>This review identifies sample characteristics that moderate AUD burden within PTSD populations: clinical settings, inpatient care, and veteran status predict higher prevalence, whereas greater female representation predicts lower rates. These findings support population-specific screening and integrated, trauma-informed care.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>This is the first meta-analysis quantifying clinical and demographic moderators of AUD in PTSD samples, informing risk-stratified screening and population-tailored treatment allocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proof-of-concept trial of PP-01 for mitigating cannabis withdrawal syndrome in participants with cannabis use disorder.","authors":"Ashley F Slagle, Jay Constantine, Harvey Kushner, Shelli Graham, Ginger Constantine","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Cannabis withdrawal symptoms can be severe and protracted, significantly impeding the ability to abstain from cannabis use, resulting in failed quit attempts and relapse. This clinical trial evaluated safety and efficacy of PP-01, a novel dual‑mechanism of action, investigational agent, for mitigating cannabis withdrawal symptoms in patients with cannabis use disorder (CUD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This Phase 1b/2a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, 5-night, inpatient study evaluated efficacy and safety of PP-01 (nabilone and gabapentin) in 14 adults with moderate to severe CUD. Participants with daily/near daily use of ≥1 gram/day of cannabis and a history of cannabis withdrawal were randomized to PP-01 or placebo. Severity and bothersomeness of withdrawal symptoms were evaluated by patient daily diary. Mixed model repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare mean differences between PP-01 and placebo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PP-01 significantly reduced severity (p = .0222) and bothersomeness (p = .0063) of cannabis withdrawal symptoms within 10 and 4 h post-first dose of PP-01, respectively. Sleep quality and cannabis cravings significantly improved following first dose through discharge. Objective withdrawal measures also statistically significantly improved. PP-01 was well tolerated; adverse events (AEs) were mild in severity with no serious AEs.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Investigational PP-01 mitigated cannabis withdrawal symptoms in participants with moderate to severe CUD, was safe and well-tolerated in this proof-of-concept study.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>PP-01 is intended as a potential treatment for cannabis withdrawal syndrome (CWS)/CUD, a serious and unmet need for which there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medication.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical applications of wearable devices for individuals with at-risk substance use and substance use disorders: A systematic review.","authors":"Alexandra Sas, Matthew E Sloan, Yaoyi Xing, Ethan Kim, Dhvani Mehta, Anna Mouzenian, Lena C Quilty, Jeffrey D Wardell, Shannon Lange, Daniel Felsky, Victor M Tang","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Managing substance use disorders (SUDs) is limited by the lack of longitudinal clinical data during active use and recovery. Wearable devices may help address this gap by capturing physiological and behavioral data in real-world settings. This review evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of wearable devices among individuals with SUDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE identified peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2023 examining wearable devices that passively measured physiological data among adults with SUDs or at-risk substance use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three studies met inclusion criteria and were grouped into feasibility and acceptability outcomes, sleep-related outcomes, and other clinical outcomes including craving, stress, and detection of substance use or overdose events. Most studies used wrist-worn devices and focused on opioid and alcohol use. The literature was heterogeneous and predominantly observational, with few experimental designs, and several studies included individuals with at-risk use rather than diagnosed SUDs. Short-term wearable use was generally feasible and acceptable when privacy and safety concerns were addressed. Wearables captured indicators such as sleep disruption, stress, and overdose risk. However, none of the included studies evaluated whether wearable use was associated with improved substance use outcomes over time.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Wearable devices show promise as adjunct tools for monitoring clinically relevant indicators in SUDs, but evidence remains limited. Future research should prioritize longitudinal outcomes, validate clinically meaningful thresholds, and support equitable, patient-centered implementation.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>This review provides a structured synthesis of an emerging and fragmented literature, offering a foundation to guide future hypothesis-driven, longitudinal, and implementation-focused research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with readmission to residential treatment among clients transitioned from detoxification services in Alberta, Canada","authors":"Abreham Mekonnen PhD","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70159","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajad.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Readmission to residential treatment increases healthcare costs, strains publicly funded systems, and may not adequately meet clients' needs. This study examined rates and predictors of readmission to residential treatment among clients transitioned from detoxification services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 4915 clients admitted between April 2015 and March 2022, encompassing 10,463 treatment admissions, were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to compare readmitted with nonreadmitted clients, focusing on sociodemographic characteristics, primary substance of concern, and program-related variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 41.6% (<i>n</i> = 2046) of clients were readmitted, with a mean of 3.7 admissions, indicating that a small subgroup accounted for a disproportionate use of limited treatment capacity. Higher odds of treatment readmission were associated with opiate or alcohol use, unstable employment or marital status, detox noncompletion or repeated cycling between completion and noncompletion, transition delays exceeding 14 days, polysubstance use, urban–rural mobility, and use of multiple detox facilities. Lower odds of treatment readmission were observed in individuals using cocaine, those admitted to integrated facilities offering both detox and residential care, and clients with less frequent detox utilization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Scientific Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Readmission to residential treatment is common and linked to both individual vulnerabilities and system-level factors. Strengthening protocols for alcohol and opioid use, enhancing coordination between detox and residential treatment, and targeting high-risk groups may reduce readmission. Interventions addressing non-completion of detox and delayed transitions could further reduce treatment readmission. This study uniquely examines readmission in relation to prior detoxification programs and clients' characteristics within a continuum-of-care framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"35 5","pages":"615-621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpreting divergent mortality outcomes in veterans with substance use disorder and adverse social determinants of health","authors":"Wei-Ting Lai RPh,&nbsp;Lien-Chung Wei MD, MPH","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70175","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajad.70175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"35 5","pages":"643-644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}