American Journal on Addictions最新文献

{"title":"Reasons for electronic cigarette use: Differences based on sex and young adult status.","authors":"David M Ledgerwood, Mannat K Bedi, Danishi K Bedi, Ciara N Cannoy, Leslie H Lundahl","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Reasons for electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adults differ based on demographics, and understanding these differences is essential to tailoring cessation interventions. The aim of this study is to examine differential e-cigarette use reasons based on sex and young-adult status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 965 (42.2% women; 31.1% young adults) adults completed the Reasons for E-cigarette Use Questionnaire, which measures eight motivations for nicotine vaping. Participants also completed demographic and tobacco use measures. Questionnaires were completed on the Prolific crowdsourcing platform. Participant data were grouped by sex (male vs. female) and age group (young adult (≤29 years old) vs. older adult) and analyzed using factorial analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Younger adults endorsed higher social influence motives for use than did older adults, but older adult men also endorsed higher social influence motives than older adult women. Men were more likely than women, and older adults were more likely than young adults, to use e-cigarettes for harm reduction. Younger adults endorsed lower smoking cessation motives, but younger women reported lower cessation motivations than younger men. Young adults endorse higher experiential and flavor motives, but lower dependence use motives. Women endorsed higher dependence motives for use than men.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>This study builds upon existing research for e-cigarette use, particularly showing differences based on sex and young adult status.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>Our findings may inform interventions designed to reduce e-cigarette use and harms, as this is among the first studies to explore age and gender differences in e-cigarette use.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expectancies for alcohol analgesia and drinking behavior among veterans with chronic pain: The moderating role of discrimination in medical settings.","authors":"Victoria E Carlin, Kyle M White, Joon Kyung Nam, Grant H Ripley, Alexa G Deyo, Lisa R LaRowe, Joseph W Ditre","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Chronic pain and alcohol use are highly prevalent and frequently co-occur among U.S. military veterans. Expectancies for alcohol analgesia (i.e., degree to which one believes that drinking can reduce or manage pain) may contribute to alcohol consumption, dependence, and related harms. Discrimination in medical settings (i.e., inequitable treatment in healthcare contexts) has been linked to deleterious health outcomes and may amplify associations between expectancies for alcohol analgesia and indices of hazardous drinking. Our goal was to test discrimination in medical settings as a moderator of associations between expectancies for alcohol analgesia and drinking behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants included 430 U.S. military veterans with chronic pain and past month alcohol consumption (24% female; 73% White; M_age = 57) who completed an online survey via Qualtrics Panels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Expectancies for alcohol analgesia were positively associated with alcohol consumption, dependence, and related harms. Discrimination in medical settings moderated associations between expectancies for alcohol analgesia and alcohol consumption and dependence.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Among veterans with pain, expectancies for alcohol analgesia were positively associated with indices of hazardous drinking, and discrimination in medical settings moderated associations between expectancies for alcohol analgesia and alcohol consumption and dependence. Future research should explore the potential utility of interventions addressing expectancies for alcohol analgesia and discrimination in medical settings in the context of pain and drinking.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>These findings are the first to demonstrate that experiences of discrimination in healthcare contexts amplify relations between expectancies for alcohol analgesia and drinking behavior among veterans with pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory analysis of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors and risk of opioid use disorder among male Medicare beneficiaries receiving prescription opioid medications.","authors":"Abdelrahman G Tawfik, Tyler Lister, Ainhoa Gomez-Lumbreras, Randall T Peterson, Marco Bortolato, Daniel C Malone","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Opioid use disorder (OUD) imposes a significant socioeconomic burden, highlighting the need for new interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated whether exposure to 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5αRIs) is associated with a lower risk of developing OUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study was conducted using Medicare data from 2017 to 2019. Male subjects identified as receiving at least one opioid medication were propensity score matched based on exposure to a 5αRI medication. The primary outcome of interest was a diagnosis of OUD occurring following opioid exposure. Additionally, the study compared the number of morphine milliequivalents (MME) and the count of opioid prescription claims between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 467,399 subjects who had received at least one opioid prescription. Among these, 19,176 beneficiaries were receiving a 5αRI before opioid medication exposure and were matched 1:1 to non-users. Use of 5αRI was associated with a reduced risk of OUD (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.53-0.75). MME for subjects exposed to 5αRI was significantly lower than for those without 5αRI exposure (p < .001). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the number of opioid prescription claims between the groups, with those taking a 5αRI having an average of 6.0 (SD = 10.1) prescriptions as compared to 6.7 (SD = 13.0) for those not receiving a 5αRI (p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and scientific significance: </strong>This first of its kind in humans study suggests that concomitant use of opioids and 5αRI is associated with a reduction in OUD and maybe a preventive therapy for patients at risk of OUD. Our findings align with animal models that have shown similar findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying salient social, environmental, and situational contexts of college drinking: Impacts across drinking outcomes.","authors":"Abby L Braitman, Jennifer L Shipley, Megan Strowger, Emily S Renzoni","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Drinking context, such as where, why, and under what social conditions drinking occurs, is consistently associated with daily variability in alcohol use. However, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) requires very brief measurement, not allowing for as many contextual assessments as researchers may like. The current investigation examined common contextual predictors and their associations with different alcohol outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of N = 528 college drinkers completed three surveys about their most recent drinking episode. This included contextual predictors (location, social context, who was present, alcohol offers, and drinking motives), as well as typical drinking outcomes (number of drinks, estimated blood alcohol concentration, perceived level of drunkenness) and high-risk drinking outcomes (binge drinking, blacking out, passing out). The current study used a traditional longitudinal design, allowing for inclusion of longer assessments of drinking than EMA can accommodate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The strongest predictors were consistent across outcome types, including with whom participants were drinking, number of people present, and alcohol offers. Despite consistent significant prediction of outcomes, drinking location accounted for little variance in alcohol outcomes. Social and enhancement motives had stronger links to outcomes in this sample of general college drinkers than conformity or coping drinking motives.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Although numerous options are available for assessing drinking context, some predictors are more impactful than others.</p><p><strong>Scientific significance: </strong>Findings may help researchers using traditional daily diary or EMA designs focus on the context-specific predictors with the most impact on their outcomes of interest in their limited number of assessment items.</p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FREE Live Webinar Psychotherapy Series: CAMS Approach to Suicidal Risk - David A. Jobes, PhD, ABPP (Aug 13, 2025)","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Registration Open Now: Virtual Courses on Addictions and Their Treatment (Sep 12–13, 2025) and Advanced Addiction Psychopharmacology (Sep 20–21, 2025)","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Registration Open: AAAP's Annual Meeting and Scientific Symposium, Nov 6–9, 2025, San Francisco, CA","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Call for Review Papers 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FREE Online Self-Assessment Exam: ORN StUD Performance in Practice (PIP)","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Call for Special Issue Papers 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajad.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Click on the PDF file for live links</p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":7762,"journal":{"name":"American Journal on Addictions","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajad.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}