P Biassoni, G Ravera, F Schenone, J Green, J Bertocchi
{"title":"Hormonal and biochemical patterns in subjects from a new endemic goiter area in the Central African Republic.","authors":"P Biassoni, G Ravera, F Schenone, J Green, J Bertocchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hormonal serum patterns of 268 subjects, living in rural villages and in the chief town of the Ouham province (Bocaranga), were studied to accomplish a survey in this endemic goiter area of the Central African Republic (CAR). Circulating TSH, TT3, TT4, FT4, rT3 and TG were determined in an accurately randomized population sample. Urinary excretion of iodine and thiocyanate (SCN) was also measured. The comparison of the mean values of such parameters with control values showed statistically significant differences (P < or = 0.05 divided by 0.001) in all the parameters studied, excepting TT3. The urinary iodine excretion was lower than 35 micrograms/l in the chief town and of 25 micrograms/l in the rural villages. The thiocyanate excretion was constantly greater than 8 mg/l; the I/SCN ratio = 3.7 was clearly lower than in controls. In a sample of 41 subjects, whose hormonal patterns were in the physiological range, significant differences were found between their TT3, TT4, FT4, TSH and TG serum concentrations and the respective control values. The severe iodine deficiency and the high consumption of manioc as a staple food are the prominent etiopathogenic factors of the hyper endemic goiter in this region. The authors believe that extensive iodoprophylactic action is urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"3 2","pages":"63-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thyroxine and reverse T3 5'deiodination in the cells of human adipose tissue.","authors":"C F Wolf, F S Keck","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intracellular 5'deiodination (5'D) of T4 and rT3 has been investigated in human adipose tissue. We studied 5'D in intact adipose tissue, its morphological components and in 3T3-L1-cells. 5'D as assessed by T3-production out of T4 and by rT3-decomposition was not inhibited by propylthiouracil (PTU), but by iopodate (IOP). The apparent Michaelis constants were kM = 3 nM for rT3 and kM = 1 microM for T4. The rT3-degradation was linear over 25 h (115 pg/h.mg (prot.)) both at 37 degrees C and at 4 degrees C. The same type of 5'D was observed in adipocytes, stromal-vascular cells and in 3T3-L1-cells regarding T4 to T3 degradation (244 +/- 30, 181 +/- 27, 227 +/- 37 pg T3/mg.min), resp.; PTU did not exert any influence upon 5'D in the cells investigated. We conclude, that i. the intracellular generation of T3 in adipose tissue does not derive from type I deiodination; ii. 5'D in adipocyte precursors and differentiated adipocytes is identical and iii. there is no difference between human cells and 3T3-L1-cells regarding 5'D.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"3 2","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The measurement of plasma D-dimer in the follow-up after thyroidectomy for cancer: preliminary data.","authors":"A Sagripanti, A Carpi, U Baicchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plasma concentration of fibrinopeptide A (FpA) and D-dimer (DD), sensitive indicators of coagulation and fibrinolysis activation, were measured in 21 patients thyroidectomized for differentiated cancer (4 had distant metastases) and in 27 control subjects. Only two patients (one with distant metastases) presented elevated FpA values. All the four patients with distant metastases showed elevated DD levels. In three patients who developed distant metastases the time course of the circulating levels of plasma DD and serum thyroglobulin (Tg) was monitored. Monitoring of plasma DD concentration correctly indicated the time course of all the 3 metastatic patients while serum Tg levels failed to adequately describe the outcome of one metastatic patient. These data suggest that fibrinolysis is enhanced in thyroid cancer patients with distant metastases and that plasma DD levels are useful in the monitoring of this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"3 1","pages":"31-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Carpi, M G Toni, G Di Coscio, A Nicolini, A Sagripanti
{"title":"The thyroid nodule: diagnostic strategy.","authors":"A Carpi, M G Toni, G Di Coscio, A Nicolini, A Sagripanti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper comments on the principal techniques (nuclear imaging echography and needle aspiration) and the most widely used protocols available for preoperative selection of thyroid nodule patients. Successively, the authors report the principles to define a new appropriate protocol based on needle aspiration and hormone assays and evaluate their experience with this new simple protocol. Long term clinical practices shows that surgical excision can be avoided for more than 90% of the nodule patients and that thyroid scintigraphy can be avoided for most of these patients, without appreciable disadvantage.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"3 1","pages":"17-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Olivieri, A Marzullo, G B Salabé, E Gilardi, C Fazzini, S Carta
{"title":"Isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting analysis of thyroglobulin from different thyroid diseases.","authors":"A Olivieri, A Marzullo, G B Salabé, E Gilardi, C Fazzini, S Carta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroglobulins (Tgs) have been obtained from macro-microfollicular goiter, toxic adenomas, papillary carcinomas and metastatic lympho-node and chromatographed by gel filtration. The 19S Tgs so obtained have been characterized by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and immunoblotting. IEF showed microheterogeneity pattern of Tgs from normal tissue, macro-microfollicular goiter and toxic adenomas to be within pH range from 4.2 to 4.5, while that from papillary carcinomas and metastatic lympho-node showed a wider microheterogeneity. Passive blotting of focused Tgs and immunoreaction with rabbit anti-Tg peroxidase conjugated antibody have been carried out and a positive reaction for all examined samples have been evidenced. Also two bands, focused at more cathodic pH value (pH 4.7), observed in IEF patterns of Tgs from carcinomas and metastatic lympho-node, gave a positive reaction with anti-Tg conjugated antibody. These differences observed in IEF and immunoblotting patterns of Tgs from papillary carcinomas and metastatic lympho-node are discussed in this report.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"3 1","pages":"13-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monoclonal antibodies define structural alterations of the thyroglobulin secreted by well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas.","authors":"G Stanta, G C Lunazzi, R Perin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have studied the sorting and alteration of the thyroglobulin (tg) secreted by well-differentiated carcinomas using a group of anti-tg monoclonal antibodies. A previously described monoclonal antibody, specific for the hormogenic iodinated epitopes, shows that in carcinomas the iodinated tg is not secreted in the colloid as in normal glands but is accumulated in the cytoplasm of the cells. Separation of tg in a concanavalin A column, to isolate the correctly glycosilated protein, reveals that hormogenesis is present only in glycosilated tg with a correct final configuration. An other monoclonal antibody, specific for an epitope connected with the carbohydrate moiety of the tg, reacts with tgs from normal glands and from any thyroid lesion except tg from carcinomas. This tg of carcinomas presents an alteration in the oligosaccharide chains that can be detected by this antibody. The alteration is specific for malignant tumors and could be connected with the missing exocytosis of the iodinated tg in carcinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"3 1","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of the DNA content in the management of thyroid tumours.","authors":"G Wallin, M Bäckdahl, G Auer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid carcinoma is rare and constitutes about 1% of all malignant tumours. For some time it has been known that age, sex, histology, and tumour grade are factors of importance for prognosis. In Stockholm we have analyzed the amount of nuclear DNA in thyroid tumours for the last 10 years. In our studies and those of other nuclear DNA-analysis has given important prognostic information for differentiated thyroid tumours in addition to that provided by histopathology, and may be of value preoperatively for treatment planning. DNA-analysis is well established in our clinical work and is one of the factors considered in a prospective randomized study concerning patients with papillary carcinoma in the Stockholm-Uppsala area. Tumours with diploid nuclear DNA pattern are randomized between lobectomy and total thyroidectomy in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"3 1","pages":"25-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P Laurberg, K M Pedersen, P Vestergaard, H Vestergaard
{"title":"Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules.","authors":"P Laurberg, K M Pedersen, P Vestergaard, H Vestergaard","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors describe the principal clinical and pathological aspects of the solitary hyperfunctioning adenoma or the multifocal hyperfunction of a multinodular goitre. Successively they report the incidence of these conditions in countries with different iodine intake as well as the age distribution of the examined patients. In the area with low iodine intake the incidence of hyperthyroidism caused by multinodular goitre is 10 times higher than in the high iodine intake area. Finally, the role of the laboratory in the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and in identifying the type of hyperthyroidism is discussed; an up-todate flow-sheme is also reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Population survey of thyroid autoimmunity in Italy. Three year follow up.","authors":"H Salabè-Lotz, G B Salabè","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid autoimmunity and primary hypothyroidism have been evaluated in a 3 year interval in 4 samples of general population from Bologna, Napoli, Palermo, Rome and Cagliari. The average prevalence of Mic-Abs was in males 4.1% and in females 10%. A significantly higher prevalence of Mic-Abs was found in the Cagliari sample where it reaches in males 6.1% and in females 20.4% (p less than 0.0005). Likewise Tg-Abs have been found increased in Cagliari (males: 4.6% vs 10.7%; females: 10.0% vs 16.6%; p less than 0.01). In the 3 year follow up Mic-Abs titre increases significantly whereas the Tg-Abs titre remains substantially unchanged. In the initial screening 1.65% of subjects were found to be latent (1.2%) or overt (0.45%) hypothyroids. Hypothyroidism was particularly frequent in the Cagliari sample and was constantly associated with Mic-Abs. In the 3 year follow up only 1 of 8 latent hypothyroids became overt.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"2 3","pages":"107-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The clonal origin of thyroid nodules in euthyroid nodular goiter.","authors":"G B Salabé","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prevalence of euthyroid nodular goiter varies widely according to the endemia of the region studied. The goiter hyperplasia under goitrogenic stimuli progresses in the formation of nodules. Presently the pathophysiology of the thyroid nodules' formation in euthyroid nodular goiter is unknown. The A. reviews the two current hypothesis on the clonal origin of thyroid nodules. According to one hypothesis the nodule issues as the result of a coordinated replication of a cluster of follicles with an increased growth potential. According to the second hypothesis the formation of new follicles during goitrogenesis is due to a sprouting of one or a few cells from the follicles shell; nodules formation is the result of post-necrotic fibrosis and uneven growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":77445,"journal":{"name":"Thyroidology","volume":"2 3","pages":"129-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}