The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology最新文献_第5页

More is not necessarily better: Examining the nature of the temporal reference memory component in timing. 越多不一定越好:检查时间参考存储器组件的性质。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000287

Luke A Jones, J H Wearden

{"title":"More is not necessarily better: Examining the nature of the temporal reference memory component in timing.","authors":"Luke A Jones, J H Wearden","doi":"10.1080/02724990244000287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724990244000287","url":null,"abstract":"Three experiments compared the timing performance of humans on a modified temporal generalization task with 1, 3, or 5 presentations of the standard duration. In all three experiments subjects received presentations of a standard duration at the beginning of a trial block and then had to judge whether each of a number of comparison stimuli was or was not the standard. The duration of the standard changed between blocks. The three experiments varied the experimental design (between or within subjects), task difficulty (how closely the comparison stimuli were spaced around the standards), and presence or absence of feedback on performance accuracy. Number of presentations of the standard never affected the proportion of identifications of the standard when it was presented, nor other features of the temporal generalization gradients observed. The implications for the operation of reference memories within the scalar timing system were explored via models that made different assumptions about how the individual presentations of the standard were stored and used.","PeriodicalId":77438,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"56 4","pages":"321-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724990244000287","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24044149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 74

Inhibitory conditioning in honeybees. 蜜蜂的抑制条件反射。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000313

P A Couvillon, A V Bumanglag, M E Bitterman

引用次数: 5

Secondary task difficulty modulates forward blocking in human contingency learning. 次要任务难度调节人类偶然性学习中的前向阻塞。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000296

Jan De Houwer, Tom Beckers

引用次数: 102

An associative model of rat serial pattern learning in three-element sequences. 大鼠三要素序列模式学习的联想模型。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000304

Douglas G Wallace, Stephen B Fountain

{"title":"An associative model of rat serial pattern learning in three-element sequences.","authors":"Douglas G Wallace, Stephen B Fountain","doi":"10.1080/02724990244000304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724990244000304","url":null,"abstract":"Hypotheses ranging from subsymbolic to symbolic have been proposed to account for rat sequential behaviour, and in the subsymbolic domain alone there are multiple proposed subsymbolic processes or factors thought to affect serial behaviour. A behavioural study and computer simulations were conducted to evaluate these hypotheses, and a new computational associative model based on pairwise associations and generalization was evaluated. Seven 3-element sequences were selected for study that systematically (1) varied sequence discriminability, (2) varied reward magnitude, and (3) manipulated the order of food quantities. Neither element discriminability nor response enhancement subsymbolic processes in isolation were able to account for the behavioural data; however, simulations from the computational model known as the sequential pairwise associative memory (SPAM) model with a log-linear mapping of stimulus dimension items to food quantities correlated well with the behavioural data. SPAM accounts for differential element anticipation in different sequences by appealing to pairwise association of sequence events and generalization between cues as the principal factors mediating pattern tracking in three-element sequences.","PeriodicalId":77438,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"56 3","pages":"301-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724990244000304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22499237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Discrimination between outcomes in instrumental learning: effects of preexposure to the reinforcers. 工具学习结果的差异:强化物预暴露的影响。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000241

C A J Blair, Pam Blundell, Tiffany Galtress, Geoffrey Hall, Simon Killcross

{"title":"Discrimination between outcomes in instrumental learning: effects of preexposure to the reinforcers.","authors":"C A J Blair, Pam Blundell, Tiffany Galtress, Geoffrey Hall, Simon Killcross","doi":"10.1080/02724990244000241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724990244000241","url":null,"abstract":"In two experiments rats received instrumental training with two response levers, one response being reinforced by sucrose solution and the other by sucrose pellets. Prior to a test session, on which both levers were made available in the absence of reinforcement, the rats were given free access to one of the reinforcers, a procedure known to reduce its value. It was found that the rats responded at a lower rate on the lever that had produced the now-devalued reinforcer, but that this effect was substantial only in rats that had received preexposure to the two reinforcers before instrumental training was begun (Experiment 1). Experiment 2 demonstrated that this effect was obtained only when presentations of the two reinforcers were presented according to an inter-mixed schedule during preexposure. It is suggested that this result constitutes an instance of the perceptual learning effect in which intermixed preexposure to similar events enhances their discriminability.","PeriodicalId":77438,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"56 3","pages":"253-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724990244000241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22499234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

The relative effect of cue interaction. 线索相互作用的相对效应。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000278

Jason M Tangen, Lorraine G Allan

{"title":"The relative effect of cue interaction.","authors":"Jason M Tangen, Lorraine G Allan","doi":"10.1080/02724990244000278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724990244000278","url":null,"abstract":"It is well established that two predictor cues (A and B) of a common outcome interact in that the judgement of the relationship between each cue and the outcome is influenced by the pairing history of the other cue with that outcome. For example, when the contingency of A with an outcome is weaker than the contingency of B with that outcome, the rating of the predictiveness of A is reduced relative to a situation where only A is paired with the outcome. One explanation of such cue interaction effects is provided by the conditional deltaP account. Spellman (1996b) derived a counterintuitive prediction of the conditional deltaP account where cue interaction should not occur under certain conditions even though a relatively poor predictor of an outcome is paired with a relatively good predictor of that outcome. However, Spellman (1996b) did not provide data to evaluate this prediction. In the present paper, we report the relevant data and show that they are consistent with the conditional deltaP account. A competing account of cue interaction is provided by the Rescorla-Wagner (RW) model. We derive the predictions of the RW model for the conditions specified by Spellman (1996b), and show that at asymptote the predictions of the RW model are identical to those of the conditional deltaP account.","PeriodicalId":77438,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"56 3","pages":"279-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724990244000278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22499236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

The role of injection cues in the associative control of the US pre-exposure effect in flavour aversion learning. 注射线索在味道厌恶学习中US预暴露效应联想控制中的作用。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000115

Isabel de Brugada, Felisa González, Antonio Cándido

引用次数: 20

Response persistence under variable-time schedules following immediate and unsignalled delayed reinforcement. 即时和无信号延迟强化后变时间计划下的反应持久性。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000124

Adam H Doughty, Kennon A Lattal

引用次数: 11

Representational blending in human conditional learning: Implications for associative theory. 人类条件学习中的表征混合:联想理论的启示。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000269

K I Hodder, D N George, A S Killcross, R C Honey

{"title":"Representational blending in human conditional learning: Implications for associative theory.","authors":"K I Hodder, D N George, A S Killcross, R C Honey","doi":"10.1080/02724990244000269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724990244000269","url":null,"abstract":"In two experiments, participants were presented with pictures of different foods (A, B, C, D, X,) and learned which combinations resulted in an allergic reaction in a fictitious patient, Mr X. In Problem 1, when A or B (but not C or D) was combined with food X an allergic reaction occurred, and when C or D (but not A or B) was combined with Y an allergic reaction occurred. In Experiment 1, participants also received Problem 2 in which A, B, C, and D interacted with foods V and W either in the same way as X and Y, respectively, or in a different way. Participants performed more proficiently in the former than in the latter condition. In Experiment 2, after training on Problem 1, participants judged whether or not novel combinations of foods (e.g., AB, CD, AD, CB) would cause an allergic reaction in Mr X. They were no more likely to indicate that AB or CD would cause an allergic reaction than AD or CB, but made their judgements more rapidly and with greater confidence on AB and CD trials than on AD and CB trials. These results (1) indicate that shared representations come to be addressed by the components of similar compounds (e.g., AX and BX) that have predicted the same outcome (an allergic reaction), and (2) are inconsistent with standard, associative theories of learning, but (3) are consistent with findings from nonhuman animals and with a connectionist interpretation of these findings.","PeriodicalId":77438,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology","volume":"56 2","pages":"223-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724990244000269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22423493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Elemental and configural encoding of the conditioned stimulus. 条件刺激的基本和构形编码。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology Pub Date : 2003-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724990244000089

Robert A Rescorla

引用次数: 10