The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology最新文献_第9页

The difference between generating counter examples and using them during reasoning. 生成反例和在推理过程中使用反例之间的区别。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000774

Niki Verschueren, Walter Schaeken, Wim De Neys, Géry d'Ydewalle

引用次数: 25

Irrelevant sound disrupts speech production: exploring the relationship between short-term memory and experimentally induced slips of the tongue. 不相关的声音干扰语言的产生:探索短期记忆和实验诱发的口误之间的关系。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000783

Satoru Saito, Alan Baddeley

{"title":"Irrelevant sound disrupts speech production: exploring the relationship between short-term memory and experimentally induced slips of the tongue.","authors":"Satoru Saito, Alan Baddeley","doi":"10.1080/02724980343000783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980343000783","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the relationship between short-term memory and speech production, we developed a speech error induction technique. The technique, which was adapted from a Japanese word game, exposed participants to an auditory distractor word immediately before the utterance of a target word. In Experiment 1, the distractor words that were phonologically similar to the target word led to a greater number of errors in speaking the target than did the dissimilar distractor words. Furthermore, the speech error scores were significantly correlated with memory span scores. In Experiment 2, memory span scores were again correlated with the rate of the speech errors that were induced from the task-irrelevant speech sounds. Experiment 3 showed a strong irrelevant-sound effect in the serial recall of nonwords. The magnitude of the irrelevant-sound effects was not affected by phonological similarity between the to-be-remembered nonwords and the irrelevant-sound materials. Analysis of recall errors in Experiment 3 also suggested that there were no essential differences in recall error patterns between the dissimilar and similar irrelevant-sound conditions. We proposed two different underlying mechanisms in immediate memory, one operating via the phonological short-term memory store and the other via the processes underpinning speech production.","PeriodicalId":77437,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology","volume":"57 7","pages":"1309-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724980343000783","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24787702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Priming for new associations in animacy decision: evidence for context dependency. 动画决策中新关联的启动:上下文依赖的证据。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000738

Diane Pecher, Jeroen Raaijmakers

{"title":"Priming for new associations in animacy decision: evidence for context dependency.","authors":"Diane Pecher, Jeroen Raaijmakers","doi":"10.1080/02724980343000738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980343000738","url":null,"abstract":"In four experiments we investigated the context-dependent nature of semantic memory by looking at priming effects in animacy decision for newly formed associations. The first experiment investigated whether the priming effect depended on the nature of the prior relation between the word pairs. The results showed no such effect, replicating earlier findings. Experiments 2, 3, and 4 investigated the role of context overlap between study and test. In Experiment 2 priming for new associations was found only for word pairs that had been presented in the animacy decision task during study. Experiment 3 showed that in order to obtain priming effects for new associations these associations have to be studied in a study task that is aimed at unitized processing of the word pair at a semantic level. Experiment 4 showed that processing the pairs as separate words at an orthographic level cancelled the priming effect. The results are explained by assuming that priming results from the overlap of features that are activated during both study and test.","PeriodicalId":77437,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology","volume":"57 7","pages":"1211-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724980343000738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24788389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Feedforward and feedback consistency effects for high- and low-frequency words in lexical decision and naming. 高频词和低频词在词汇决策和命名中的前馈和反馈一致性效应。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000756

Isabel Lacruz, Jocelyn Folk

引用次数: 45

Intermanual cross-talk effects in unimanual choice reactions. 单手选择反应中的手间相声效应。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000648

Herbert Heuer, Thomas Kleinsorge, Will Spijkers, Christoph Steglich

{"title":"Intermanual cross-talk effects in unimanual choice reactions.","authors":"Herbert Heuer, Thomas Kleinsorge, Will Spijkers, Christoph Steglich","doi":"10.1080/02724980343000648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980343000648","url":null,"abstract":"Intermanual interactions originate at different levels of motor control. Interactions during specification of movement characteristics should affect reaction time for choice between left-hand and right-hand movements. In two experiments combinations of short and long target amplitudes for reversal movements of the left and right hand were cued with variable precueing intervals. Upon presentation of the response signal a unimanual left-hand or right-hand movement had to be produced. Reaction time was faster when same target amplitudes were precued than when different target amplitudes were. At short precueing intervals the longer reaction time with different target amplitudes (early effect) was accompanied by an amplitude assimilation: Short amplitudes were too long, and long amplitudes were too short. At longer precueing intervals the longer reaction time with different target amplitudes (late effect) was accompanied by a higher choice accuracy. These findings are taken to indicate a transient parametric coupling of amplitude specifications, which produces the early and the late effects by way of different mechanisms-namely different degrees of advance specification and generalized de-coupling, which affects the process of choice between hands.","PeriodicalId":77437,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology","volume":"57 6","pages":"993-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724980343000648","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24684275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

7-11-year-old children show an advantage for matching and recognizing the internal features of familiar faces: evidence against a developmental shift. 7-11岁的儿童在匹配和识别熟悉面孔的内在特征方面表现出优势:反对发展转变的证据。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000657

Lesley Bonner, Mike Burton

{"title":"7-11-year-old children show an advantage for matching and recognizing the internal features of familiar faces: evidence against a developmental shift.","authors":"Lesley Bonner, Mike Burton","doi":"10.1080/02724980343000657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980343000657","url":null,"abstract":"Adults are better at recognizing familiar faces from the internal facial features (eyes, nose, mouth) than from the external facial features (hair, face outline). However, previous research suggests that this \"internal advantage\" does not appear until relatively late in childhood, and some studies suggest that children rely on external features to recognize all faces, whether familiar or not. We use a matching task to examine face processing in 7-8- and 10-11-year-old children. We use a design in which all face stimuli can be used as familiar items (for participants who are classmates) and unfamiliar items (for participants from a different school). Using this design, we find an internal feature advantage for matching familiar faces, for both groups of children. The same children were then shown the external and internal features of their classmates and were asked to name or otherwise identify them. Again, both age groups identified more of their classmates correctly from the internal than the external features. This is the first time an internal advantage has been reported in this age group. Results suggest that children as young as 7 process faces in the same way as do adults, and that once procedural difficulties are overcome, the standard effects of familiarity are observed.","PeriodicalId":77437,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology","volume":"57 6","pages":"1019-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724980343000657","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24684276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

Movement trajectories in the presence of a distracting stimulus: evidence for a response activation model of selective reaching. 分散刺激下的运动轨迹:选择性到达反应激活模型的证据。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000666

Timothy Welsh, Digby Elliott

引用次数: 150

What happens to information to be suppressed in working-memory tasks? Short and long term effects. 在工作记忆任务中被压抑的信息发生了什么?短期和长期影响。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000684

Barbara Carretti, Cesare Cornoldi, Rossana De Beni, Paola Palladino

{"title":"What happens to information to be suppressed in working-memory tasks? Short and long term effects.","authors":"Barbara Carretti, Cesare Cornoldi, Rossana De Beni, Paola Palladino","doi":"10.1080/02724980343000684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980343000684","url":null,"abstract":"The study explored, from an individual differences point of view, what happens to information to be suppressed in a working-memory task at short and long term. In particular, it was examined whether control mechanisms of irrelevant information in working memory imply their complete elimination from working memory or just the modulation of their activation. To this end, we compared the fate of irrelevant information in groups of subjects with high and low reading comprehension (Experiments 1 and 2) and subjects with high and low working memory (Experiments 1, 2, 3, and 4). All the experiments presented a working-memory task devised by De Beni, Palladino, Pazzaglia, and Cornoldi (1998), which required participants to process lists of words, to tap when a word from a particular category was presented, and then to recall only the last items in each list. Results confirmed that participants with high reading comprehension also have higher working memory and make less intrusion errors due to irrelevant items that have to be processed but then discarded. Furthermore, it was found that participants with low working memory have slightly better implicit (Experiment 1) and explicit memory (Experiments 3 and 4) of highly activated irrelevant information. Nevertheless, in a long-term recognition test, participants with high and low reading comprehension/working memory presented a similar pattern of memory for different types of irrelevant information (Experiment 2), whereas in a short-term memory recognition test, low-span participants presented a facilitation effect in the time required for the recognition of highly activated irrelevant information (Experiment 4). It was concluded that efficient working-memory performance is related to the temporary reduction of activation of irrelevant information but does not imply its elimination from memory.","PeriodicalId":77437,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology","volume":"57 6","pages":"1059-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724980343000684","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24684278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 67

When two limbs are weaker than one: sensorimotor syncopation with alternating hands. 当四肢无力时:交替双手进行感觉运动切分。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000693

Peter Keller, Bruno Repp

引用次数: 22

Judgement of two causal candidates from contingency information: effects of relative prevalence of the two causes. 从偶然性信息判断两个候选因果关系:两个原因的相对流行程度的影响。

The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/02724980343000558

Peter White

{"title":"Judgement of two causal candidates from contingency information: effects of relative prevalence of the two causes.","authors":"Peter White","doi":"10.1080/02724980343000558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980343000558","url":null,"abstract":"In four experiments participants made judgements about two possible causes of an effect. The prevalence of the causes was manipulated independently of their degree of contingency with the effect. Significant effects of the prevalence manipulation were obtained: In particular, ratings of the unmanipulated candidate tended to decline as the prevalence of the other candidate increased, and there was also a significant but smaller effect on judgements of the latter. These tendencies were independent of the order in which the two candidates were judged. These results were replicated under two stimulus presentation procedures, the instance list procedure (Experiments 1 and 2) and the trial-by-trial procedure (Experiment 3). It was hypothesized that people judge, to some degree, the proportionate strength of the candidates, in other words the proportion of occurrences of the effect in the presence of each, and that the cause prevalence effect is a consequence of this tendency. This hypothesis was supported by the results of Experiment 4: Those participants whose judgements of one candidate were negatively correlated with the frequency of occurrence of the effect in the presence of the other candidate showed a significantly stronger cause prevalence effect than the remainder.","PeriodicalId":77437,"journal":{"name":"The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology","volume":"57 6","pages":"961-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02724980343000558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24684274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10