The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology最新文献

{"title":"Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Epilepsy Society. Hirosaki, October 1-2, 1993.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"195-445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18807324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discontinuation of antiepileptic drug in childhood epilepsy: evaluation of the differences between epileptic syndromes.","authors":"T Konishi, Y Naganuma, K Hongo, M Murakami, S Yagi, M Yamatani, T Okada","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03059.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03059.x","url":null,"abstract":"The central nervous system (CNS) is confirmed to show an abrupt and continuous development with age in childhood. Because many epilepsies in childhood develop during this CNS maturation and have the age-dependent onset and clinical course6 15, they are regarded as one of the developmental disorders. Therefore, we should consider the factor relating with age for the management of childhood epilepsies. The seizure prognosis is generally favorable in childhood epilepsies compared with those in adulthood.'0-'2 Particularly most of the patients (over 90%) with both idiopathic partial and generalized epilepsies are reported to experience the long-term seizure free state under the adequate AED therapy. In modem medicine, the diagnosis of epilepsies and selection of AEDs for each seizure type, which may produce the favorable prognosis of epilepsy, are well established, but the withdrawal and discontinuation of AEDs are still disputed as to the indications and times. Since over 10 years, we positively practiced the discontinuation of AED therapy in the pa-","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"239-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03059.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18808734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropathology of temporal lobe epilepsy.","authors":"H Kimura, S Uemura","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03057.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03057.x","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most remarkable pathologies of temporal lobe epilepsy is a severe neuronal loss selectively localized in the hippocampus, often termed as the Ammon’s horn sclerosis. It is yet uncertain whether the neuronal loss is preceded or followed by epileptic seizures. Since, however, the sclerosis has been known to occur preferentially in certain hippocampal regions of epilepsy patients, the neuronal damage may be more or less related with neuroanatomical peculiarity of the hippocampus. The hippocampus including their dentate gyrus is a relatively simple laminated structure with restricted afferent fibers and few intrinsic cell types. The hippocampal mossy fiber gives an intrinsic fiber pathway arising from granule cells of the dentate gyrus, projecting with their characteristic large swellings to a terminal field in stratum radiatum of both CA1 and CA3, and terminating on the proximal apical dendrites of large pyramidal neurons. A shorter proximal mossy fiber projection also is present and was used as the clue for identifying hippocampal subfield C A ~ C . ~ It appears likely, in addition, that granule cells occasionally give off a few axon collaterals back into the molecular layer of the dentate gyms.","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"231-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03057.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18808733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of endogenous ADP-ribosylation in the kindling model of epilepsy.","authors":"H Iwasa, K Suzuki, S Kikuchi, N Morinaga, S Hasegawa, T Sato, M Noda","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03070.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03070.x","url":null,"abstract":"ADP-ribosylation occurs through the transfer of an ADP-ribose moiety from NAD to specific substrate proteins. This biochemical process catalyzed by ADP-ribosyltransferase is concerned in the regulatory mechanisms of numerous cellular functions.'* ADPribosylation reactions are classified into two major groups: mono ADP-ribosylation and poly ADP-ribosylation. Exogenous toxins, especially pertussis toxin and cholera toxin, induce the ADP-ribosylation. l7 '' Occurrence of the endogenous ADP-ribosylation in the brain has been revealed in recent studies and it is suggested that the endogenous ADP-ribosylation regulates some neural f~nc t ions .~ l9 The kindling is a quite suitable model in the search for the basic mechanisms of epilepsies. We have already reported the alteration in the ability of Gs to bind GTP and alteration of pertussis toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation in the amygdaloid kindled brain.5-7 G proteins","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"287-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03070.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18808742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs for childhood absence epilepsy and rolandic epilepsy.","authors":"M Maezawa, T Seki, S Kimiya, Y Tachibana, M Hara, R Hashimoto, A Kamiishi, K Nishimura","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03060.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03060.x","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally considered that most patients with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) and rolandic epilepsy (RE) have outgrown epilepsy by the age of 20. However, there are a few reports about a rational approach to the treatment of these epilepsies. We studied 56 patients with CAE and 60 patients with RE who were followed up for more than five years and were over 14 years of age at the last visit to make some guidelines when to discontinue antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"245-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03060.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18808735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angelman syndrome in three siblings: genetic model of epilepsy associated with chromosomal DNA deletion of the GABAA receptor.","authors":"T Sugimoto, A Araki, A Yasuhara, M Woo, N Nishida, T Sasaki","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03066.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03066.x","url":null,"abstract":"Angelman described 3 patients with sporadic brachycephaly associated with microcephaly, profound mental retardation, easily provoked laughter, and seizures.' We observed 3 siblings with Angelman syndrome (AS) and molecular deletions of chromosome 15.5 Recently in these siblings, we also reported deletion of the y aminobutylic acid (GABA), receptor /?,-subunit which Wagstaff et first reported in AS patients'. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, and our family is of great interest when considering the relation between recurrent seizures and DNA deletion in chromosomes. Here we describe the neurological and genetic findings of these 3 siblings, and discuss whether AS can be considered as a model of epilepsy associated with chromosomal DNA deletion of the GABA, receptor. ported.\" Subsequent data and a brief summary are shown in Table 1. The first seizure episode in the 3 patients developed at the ages of 16, 16, and 19 months, respectively. The seizure type in all of the 3 siblings was generalized seizure with no partial seizures seen. The interictal EEGs in the 3 patients showed focal spikes with dysrhythmia. The focus of the spike discharge on interictal EEGs migrated as shown in Table l. Details on a dipole tracing method analysis of EEG spike focus will be reported elswhere.* Genetic findings: High-resolution chromosome studies of the maternal grandfather, mother and 3 siblings showed a normal karyotype. Using 5 DNA markers localized at 15qll-q12, we showed a microdeletion of only D15S105 and also a submicroscopic deletion encompassing the GABA receptor /?,subunit gene in the maternal grandfather, mother and 3 siblings.'","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"271-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03066.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18808739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of repeated immunosuppressant treatment on rat pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsion.","authors":"M Asanuma, Y Kondo, N Ogawa, A Mori","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03068.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03068.x","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, autoimmune dysfunction was reported to be associated with generalized epileptic seizure^.'^ Serum anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody and anti-presynaptic membrane antibody were positive in some patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Most patients with Lennox syndrome were positive for both antibodies. Furthermore, many clinical reports indicated immunoglobulin abnormalities, specific major histocompatibility complex antigens typing and the presence of anti-brain antibodies in patients with some childhood epi lep~ies .~ Alpha-interferon treatment in patients with leukemia, chronic hepatitis or systemic lupus erythematosis could induce a serious seizure as its side effect^.^ l4 These clinical and serological evidences suggest the possible involvement of immune response in epileptic seizures. To investigate the relationship between the immune system and seizures in animal models, we studied the effects of peripheral repeated treatment with an immunosuppressant, cyclosporin A (CsA), on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures in rats.","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"281-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03068.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18808741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discontinuation of antiepileptic drug treatment in controlled seizure patients.","authors":"H Uesugi, T Kojima, M Miyasaka, M Matsuura, T Ohtaka, M Moriiwa, Y Shimazono","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03062.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03062.x","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on discontinuing medication in epileptic patients who have been maintaining favorable progress and who have remained free of epileptic seizures for a long period have only been reported in comparatively small numbers and the conditions necessary to evaluate such patients as well as the methods used to enable the discontinuation of antiepileptic drug treatment to be decided have not yet been established. With the recent rapid advances in the treatment of epilepsy, any long-term treatment should be designed to include the possibility that the discontinuation of medication may be possible and this possibility should be understood from the start of treatment planning. In this study, the author has attempted to gradually or completely withdraw medication from epileptic patients who maintain favorable progress, using specific criteria and methods established by the author. The criteria used were: (1) patients should have been free of epileptic seizures for three years or more, (2) no epileptic discharge had appeared on the EEG within the previous 2-3 years (recorded during sleep as well as when awake) and (3) the patient's consent should have been obtained regarding the gradual or complete withdrawal of medication. The subjects were 40 patients (23 males and 17 females) with a mean age of 32.2 years. Seizures were primary generalized tonic/clonic in type (P-GTC) in 4 patients, complex partial seizures (CPS) in 22 and generalized sleep convulsions (GC(S)) in 14. In this study, patients with absence epilepsy taking a favorable course and those with benign childhood epilepsy showing epileptic discharges in the temporal to central region (rolandic seizure) or in the occipital region were not included. If epileptic discharges appeared on EEG recordings in the course of this study during the process of gradual drug withdrawal aiming toward complete drug withdrawal, attempts to completely withdraw medication were suspended. In this study, therefore, the period before the process in which the cessation of attempts at complete withdrawal of medication was involved due to the EEG showing epileptic discharges was taken as 'the former period' and the period in which the above process was involved was taken as 'the latter period'.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"255-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03062.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18808737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal lobe epilepsy of childhood onset.","authors":"K Aso, K Watanabe, N Maeda, T Negoro, K Miura","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03055.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03055.x","url":null,"abstract":"The patients were selected according to the following criteria; 1) neuroimaging studies, EEG and seizure types [mainly consisting of complex partial seizures (CPS)] indicated temporal lobe origin of epilepsy, 2) the onset of epilepsy before the age of 15, 3) followed up for more than 5 years, 4) 10 years of age or older at the last visit, 5) cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at least once. There were 17 males and 17 females. The patients were divided into two groups according to MRI findings: 17 patients (9 males and 8 females) who were suspected of having mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) because of atrophy of the unilateral mesial temporal lobe","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"217-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03055.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18807328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical approach to psychotic symptoms in temporal lobe epilepsy: vulnerability hypothesis of \"epileptic psychosis\".","authors":"H Matsuoka","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03054.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03054.x","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropsychiatric disorders such as epilepsy, schizophrenia and mood disorder usually develop with a repetition of attacks or episodic exacerbations. It is assumed that a vulnerability to episode (or attack) may last in a remission state between episodes (or attacks). Such a vulnerability would probably exist before the onset of illness and would be a major determinant of the manifestation of illness. Search for a vulnerability marker has been extensively made in the study of schizophrenia, and a vulnerability hypothesis has become to be a focus in the framework of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.’ l4 It is suggested that the vulnerability to schizophrenia would be heterogeneous in terms of clinical manifestations, and indeed its indicators can be divided into at least two categories; positive symptom-linked markers and negative symptom-linked markers.’ We found that the remitted schizophrenic patients showed a disturbance of an endogenous negativity termed NA potential’ in the visual event-related potentials (ERPs), and that the disturbance may relate to a psychotic relapse characterized by positive symptoms such as the first-rank symptoms of S ~ h n e i d e r . ~","PeriodicalId":77425,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology","volume":"48 2","pages":"213-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1994.tb03054.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18807327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}