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Secular changes in human fetuses normally aborted in years 1965-1985. 1965-1985年间通常流产的人类胎儿的长期变化。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
M Ziółkowski, B Gworys, W Kurlej
{"title":"Secular changes in human fetuses normally aborted in years 1965-1985.","authors":"M Ziółkowski,&nbsp;B Gworys,&nbsp;W Kurlej","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors disposed of numerous cases of fetuses normally aborted during the long period of time therefore the studies of time dependent variability of some somatotropic features in relation to the degree of development were decided. The studies on the fetal material should be always performed with great care as many errors could be introduced. Some of them are related to not enough accurate determination of the fetal age and the variability of the causes of abortion. These would result the inconsistency of stages of fetal development among the material used for the study. Therefore the research was performed using only the fetuses with accurate estimated calendar age and of similar environmental conditions for development. The causes of the abortion were related only to external factors but not to the course of pregnancy. For the analysis only the fetuses of 5th and 6th month of fetal age were used. All fetuses were aborted in the years 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985. The intersexual differences were also taken into consideration and calculated means of the features were related to identical points of the fetal age. The variations in the seating body length (v-tub), the head perimeter, the shoulder width (a-a) and the body weight were analysed in such individualised groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"63-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12517890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age-dependent changes of some somatic traits and endurance fitness of men 18-55 years of age. 18-55岁男性某些躯体性状和耐力适能的年龄依赖性变化。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
A Jopkiewicz
{"title":"Age-dependent changes of some somatic traits and endurance fitness of men 18-55 years of age.","authors":"A Jopkiewicz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the study was to determine the range of involution changes concerning some somatic traits and endurance fitness in men 18-55 years of age. The material consisted of 155 workers from different plants, all living in towns, who were examined twice at a 7-year interval. Six somatic traits were measured and analysed: body height, body weight, chest circumference, skin-fat fold thickness (scapula, shoulder, hip). Maximal oxygen uptake was measured indirectly by recording the pulse rate during submaximal effort. The results were evaluated statistically by calculating the mean, the standard deviation and the significance of arithmetical mean differences. First step regression equations were applied to evaluate involution changes in body height and VO2 max. It was found that: Individual changes in body height began approximately in the 39th year of age. Decline in body height in men increased with age. At about the 32nd year of life the maximal oxygen uptake significantly decreased in the examined men but the process does not tend to intensity with age. After 7 years VO2 max (1/m9n) index decreased 12% in the 31-40 year-olds and 9% in the 41-55 year-olds.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"295-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12518794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Screening of white middle-class US infants with the Wolański Gross Motor Evaluation. 美国中产阶级白人婴儿Wolański大肌肉运动评估筛查。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
B H Wurth, S Attermeier
{"title":"Screening of white middle-class US infants with the Wolański Gross Motor Evaluation.","authors":"B H Wurth,&nbsp;S Attermeier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of the Wolański Gross Motor Evaluation (WGME) to screen Triangle Area (North Carolina, US) infants for developmental delay. Eighty full-term, white infants were tested once each and five infants were followed longitudinally using the WGME. The results of the study revealed that the Triangle Area infants scored significantly higher than did the Polish infants with whom the study was normed at three and six months of age, but not at nine and twelve months of age. At three and twelve months scores differed between males and females, with females scoring higher than males. No significant differences according to gender occurred at six or nine months. Longitudinal subjects did not remain in any single channel of development on either the existing WGME grids or on grids fabricated from the cross-sectional data from this study. The WGME grids would not be appropriate for use with American infants as they now stand. Further research is needed to develop appropriate scoring methods, as well as provide validity and reliability information.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"99-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12518607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sexual dimorphism in newborns and adults. 新生儿和成人的两性异形。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
A Antoszewska, N Wolański
{"title":"Sexual dimorphism in newborns and adults.","authors":"A Antoszewska,&nbsp;N Wolański","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 1034 newborns were used to analyze sexual dimorphism with respect to 37 somatic traits and ratios between them, describing body shape. Arithmetic means and standard deviations were calculated for both sexes. Similarly, sexual dimorphism of adults was analyzed. Sexual differences in newborns were statistically significant for most measurements but only for some body proportions (relative chest size, foot shape, relative lower extremity length, and the ratio of head to chest circumference). The highest degree of sexual dimorphism in newborns was shown by the index standardized on the mean (dsex/mean) of such traits as the thickness of subcutaneous fat tissue on the thigh, subscapular fat tissue and fat tissue on the 10th rib, body weight, hand breadth, and relative chest size (Marty index). A moderate dimorphism was found for the length of upper extremities, forearm with the hand, head with the neck, hand and trunk, the size of the nose and foot, the breadth of hips and mandible, and the upper-face height. A low dimorphism was found for body length, circumference and breadth of head, face diameter, chest circumference, foot shape, relative length of lower extremities, and proportion between head and chest circumferences. Sexual differences (dsex/mean) for all the somatic traits examined in adults were statistically significant. The dimorphism of all the traits (except hip breadth) was higher in adults than in newborns. The highest increase in sexual dimorphism was noted for chest breadth (ca 55 times), then for chest depth (ca 17 times), thickness of subcutaneous fat tissue on arm (ca. 17 times), and the length of lower extremities (ca 15 times). Sexual differences in proportions (shape) of the body were also better pronounced in adults than in newborns. Sexual dimorphism standardized for dispersion (dsex/SD) in newborns differed from that in adults with respect to the degree of its expression and the sequence of the traits showing the highest and the lowest levels of dimorphism. This results from intra-group variation of different traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"23-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12518791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Atherosclerosis risk factors in the inhabitants of the nascent Coal Basin of Lublin region. 卢布林地区新生煤盆地居民动脉粥样硬化危险因素分析。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
W Barud, J Hanzlik, H Chrzastek-Spruch, J Bielak, M A Kozłowska
{"title":"Atherosclerosis risk factors in the inhabitants of the nascent Coal Basin of Lublin region.","authors":"W Barud,&nbsp;J Hanzlik,&nbsp;H Chrzastek-Spruch,&nbsp;J Bielak,&nbsp;M A Kozłowska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There were examined 222 men and 253 women over 18 years of age, selected at random from among country people living in the area of the nascent Coal Basin of Lublin district. There was determined their height and body weight, degree of overweight, general fat content in the body, arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as blood serum cholesterol concentration, concentration of triglicerides, glucose and uric acid in the blood. It was found out that the level of studied vascular atherosclerosis risk factors in the population under study was lower than the level found by the Polish Experiment in other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"305-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12518795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Family and couple properties, and placenta weight in the populations of Białystok and Zambrów, Poland. 波兰Białystok和Zambrów人群的家庭和夫妻属性和胎盘重量。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
A Antoszewska, N Wolański
{"title":"Family and couple properties, and placenta weight in the populations of Białystok and Zambrów, Poland.","authors":"A Antoszewska,&nbsp;N Wolański","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was an analysis of relationships between the traits of families and parents, also recognition of factors determining family properties, including factors responsible for placenta weight. Correlation matrix was used to find relationships among traits, and factor analysis with rotation of the Varimax type was used to identify factors. A total of 795 women were examined, including their placenta and family traits, in the regions of Białystok and Zambrów, in 1977-1978. A correlation matrix of 23 traits of the family and couple, and the weight of placenta during a given pregnancy, was analyzed. A total of 8 factors were discerned, explaining 61.3% of the total variation of the traits. Factor 1 (F1) represented the culture (consciousness) of the family and morbidity of the mother (15.2%), F2-parental age at pregnancy of a given mother (10.4%), F3-living conditions (8.1%), F4-arterial blood pressure of mother (8.1%), F5-body size of the mother (6.5%), F6-traits of the menstrual cycle and morbidity of the mother (5.6%), F7-body size of the father (4.7%), and F8-characterized father's morbidity (4.4%). A relatively low but statistically significant correlation was found between the weight of placenta, on the one hand, and the weight and stature of the mother and number of pregnancies, on the other hand. A little higher correlation was found between the weight of placenta and the morbidity of the mother.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"39-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12517887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of acceleration of somatic development of Lublin newborns over the period of twenty years. 卢布林新生儿20年来躯体发育加速的评价。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
M Zatorska
{"title":"Evaluation of acceleration of somatic development of Lublin newborns over the period of twenty years.","authors":"M Zatorska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The material for the present investigation includes the results of Chrzastek-Spruch's 1964-65 analysis of acceleration in 290 newborns (150 boys and 140 girls) as well as the data coming from the measurements applied to 445 newborns (225 boys and 230 girls) in 1984-85. The comparison between mean values of somatic traits of these two investigations points out to the presence of acceleration of physical development of Lublin newborns. The process involves increases in body length, lower extremity length, upper extremity length, and hip width. The width of distal femoral epiphysis is found diminished, which may attest to the process of gracilisation. Sexual dimorphism index turns out to be decreased, which is related to the fact that male and female body proportions tend to be alike. Moreover, newborns' body structures tend to become slender, which is signalled by lengthening of lower extremity and diminishing differences between shoulder width and hip width.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12517892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Screening Moroccan infants using the Wolański Gross Motor Evaluation: a pilot study. 使用Wolański大运动评估筛查摩洛哥婴儿:一项试点研究。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
K B Thornton
{"title":"Screening Moroccan infants using the Wolański Gross Motor Evaluation: a pilot study.","authors":"K B Thornton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility of using the Wolański Gross Motor Evaluation (WGME), to effectively screen Moroccan infants for motor disabilities. Additionally, the appropriateness of Polish norms for use with Moroccan children was considered. One hundred and twenty subjects, 15 females and 15 males from four age groups (three, six, nine and 12 months), were recruited from well-baby clinics in Marrakech. Subjects were tested for gross motor maturity using the WGME. Differences were found in the sequence of skill acquisition between the Polish norms and the Moroccan sample in sitting, standing, and rolling skills. Differences were also found in the rate of development between the Moroccan and Polish infants. No differences were found between Moroccan females and Moroccan males in the rate of motor development. Results from this study indicate that the grids used to score the WGME are not applicable to Moroccan infants, and would need to be modified for use with a Moroccan population.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"121-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12459781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shaping of functional and morphological asymmetry in five to thirty months old children. 5 ~ 30月龄儿童功能和形态不对称的形成。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
H Stokłosa
{"title":"Shaping of functional and morphological asymmetry in five to thirty months old children.","authors":"H Stokłosa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies of 175 children in Katowice day nurseries were conducted. Functional differentiation of hands was determined by means of tests worked out by Franus, Spionek and Szuman. Morphological asymmetry was pronounced as based on the greatest value of arm circumference, the width of arm epiphysis, stylion width and hand thickness. Somatic indices, as well as asymmetry index according to Wolański were defined on the basis of values achieved. The analysis of data shows that the degree of upper limb lateralization increases along with age. Temporary decrease of the number of lateralized individuals--and coincident increase of bimanual ones--was observed in girls at the age of 21-25 months, as well as in 25-30 months old boys. Right--handedness is most commonly accompanied--though not on statistically significant level--by domination of the following right limb traits: the biggest arm circumference, the smallest forearm circumference and hand thickness.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"127-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12517296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Studies of Białystok and Zambrów (Poland) newborns, their families, and duration of pregnancies from which they were born. 对Białystok和Zambrów(波兰)新生儿、他们的家庭和他们出生的怀孕期间的研究。
Studies in human ecology Pub Date : 1992-01-01
A Antoszewska
{"title":"Studies of Białystok and Zambrów (Poland) newborns, their families, and duration of pregnancies from which they were born.","authors":"A Antoszewska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper presents a preliminary analysis of the properties of the 1034 families of newborns examined in 1977-78 in Białystok and Zambrów. This analysis also involves the course of pregnancy and delivery, placenta properties, and some traits indicative of the new born status (including diseases, malformations, trauma, blood groups, serological conflict, adaptability, mortality). According to the results the mean age at mother's maturation was 14.4 years, the most frequent season of the menarche was summer (38.2%). The mean age of mothers at delivery was 26.3 years, and that of fathers 29.3 years. The mean stature was 161.4 cm for mothers and 173.6 cm for fathers. The average increase in mother's body weight over the 20-week pregnancy period was 6.4 kg. Mean birth weight was 3.48 kg in boys and 3.36 kg in girls, mean placenta weight was 493.6 g of male, and 484.7 g of female fetuses. The majority of newborns was healthy. Only about 1.3% of the newborns suffered from typical diseases of newborns, 1% had inborn malformations, and 1.4% were injured.</p>","PeriodicalId":77401,"journal":{"name":"Studies in human ecology","volume":"10 ","pages":"5-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12517888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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