Lymphokine and cytokine research最新文献_第8页

The proline-rich motif (PRM): a novel feature of the cytokine/hematopoietin receptor superfamily. 脯氨酸富基序(PRM):细胞因子/造血素受体超家族的新特征。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-10-01

K D O'Neal, L Y Yu-Lee

{"title":"The proline-rich motif (PRM): a novel feature of the cytokine/hematopoietin receptor superfamily.","authors":"K D O'Neal, L Y Yu-Lee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Members of the cytokine receptor superfamily have been grouped together by function and by the presence of conserved amino acids in the extracellular domain, including four cysteine residues and the Trp-Ser-X-Trp-Ser (WSXWS) motif. However, no consensus sequence motif has been described in the intracellular domain of the cytokine receptors. We now report the presence of a proline-rich consensus sequence motif, eight amino acids in length, which is found in the intracellular domain of all the cytokine receptors. The proline-rich motif (PRM) can be divided into two complementary families that have superimposable consensus sequences. The consensus sequences were found by allowing similar amino acids (aliphatic = Al, aromatic = Ar) to be grouped together. The first motif (PRM1) has the sequence Al-Ar-Pro-X-Al-Pro-X-Pro, while the second (PRM2) is Ar-X-X-X-Al-Pro-X-Pro. An overall consensus sequence for the PRM (PRM1 and PRM2) is derived by allowing aromatic and aliphatic residues to be considered hydrophobic (psi): psi-X-X-X-Al-Pro-X-Pro. Several alternative cytokine receptor isoforms contain two copies of the PRM within the same intracellular domain. The conservation of the proline-rich motif in cytokine receptors suggests that it plays a critical role in receptor function and defines a new feature of the cytokine receptor superfamily.","PeriodicalId":77246,"journal":{"name":"Lymphokine and cytokine research","volume":"12 5","pages":"309-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19248844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interferon-gamma overcomes the glucocorticoid-mediated and the interleukin-4-mediated inhibition of interleukin-1 beta synthesis in human monocytes. 干扰素克服了糖皮质激素介导和白细胞介素-4介导的对白细胞介素-1 β合成的抑制作用。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-10-01

T Geiger, J Arnold, C Rordorf, R Henn, K Vosbeck

{"title":"Interferon-gamma overcomes the glucocorticoid-mediated and the interleukin-4-mediated inhibition of interleukin-1 beta synthesis in human monocytes.","authors":"T Geiger, J Arnold, C Rordorf, R Henn, K Vosbeck","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been implicated in the tissue destruction of rheumatoid arthritis, a disease that is widely treated with glucocorticoids. In this study we investigated the effect of the T cell product interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the glucocorticoid-mediated and on the IL-4-mediated inhibition of IL-1 beta mRNA and IL-1 beta protein synthesis in highly purified human monocytes. Both dexamethasone and IL-4 dose-dependently inhibited IL-1 beta mRNA and IL-1 beta protein synthesis after stimulation with LPS (300 ng/ml); maximal inhibition of 80-90% was achieved. IFN-gamma (1-100 U/ml) did not influence IL-1 beta mRNA and IL-1 beta protein levels in unstimulated cells, but potentiated the LPS-induced synthesis of IL-1 beta mRNA and IL-1 beta protein. After a preincubation time of 1 h, 100 U/ml of IFN-gamma increased the LPS-induced IL-1 beta production by about 20-40%. When human monocytes were preincubated for 1 h with IFN-gamma (100 U/ml) prior to the addition of dexamethasone (10(-6) M) and prior to the stimulation with LPS, the dexamethasone-mediated inhibition of IL-1 beta mRNA and IL-1 beta protein synthesis was totally neutralized by IFN-gamma. In addition, IFN-gamma totally overcame the negative effect of IL-4 (100 pM) on IL-1 beta protein synthesis. A preincubation period of at least 1 h with IFN-gamma was necessary for the neutralization of the dexamethasone effect. If IFN-gamma was given at the same time or after dexamethasone, only a weak effect was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77246,"journal":{"name":"Lymphokine and cytokine research","volume":"12 5","pages":"271-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19249579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical and preclinical studies presented at the Keystone Symposium on Arthritis, Related Diseases, and Cytokines. 在Keystone关节炎、相关疾病和细胞因子研讨会上发表的临床和临床前研究。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-08-01

P Ralph

引用次数: 0

Phenotypic and functional modulation of interleukin-2-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibody. 抗cd3和抗cd28抗体对白细胞介素-2活化的外周血单个核细胞的表型和功能调节。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-08-01

I Yoshino, T Yano, M Miyamoto, K Sugimachi, G Kimura, K Nomoto

{"title":"Phenotypic and functional modulation of interleukin-2-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibody.","authors":"I Yoshino, T Yano, M Miyamoto, K Sugimachi, G Kimura, K Nomoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"For effective adoptive cancer immunotherapy, not only killer lymphocytes (cytotoxic T cells or NK cells) but also helper T cells are considered to be beneficial. The conventional culture of human lymphocytes with high-dose of recombinant interleukin -2 (rIL-2) yields a high proportion of killer cells (CD8+ or CD56+ cells) but is usually accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of CD4+ cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (10 ng/ml) in the absence of rIL-2 during the initial 48-hr period of cultivation followed by the addition of rIL-2 (200 Japan reference units/ml) (referred to as anti-CD3-rIL-2) resulted in CD4+ cells expanding 8.0- to 63.3-fold at day 12-14. When PBMC were cultivated with rIL-2 alone, or with rIL-2 together with anti-CD3 initially, CD4+ cells expanded 1.7-6.2- or 5.7-36.9-fold, respectively. The expansion of CD4+ cells from PBMC in the anti-CD3-rIL-2 cultures was enhanced by the addition of anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody at the initiation of cultures (500 ng/ml) (referred to as anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2) (12.1- to 127.8-fold expansion). The anti-CD3-rIL-2 and anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2 cultures also demonstrated a lesser expansion of CD3-CD56+ cells (NK cells). The PBMC in the anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2 cultures showed low cytotoxic activity per cell; however, the cytotoxic activity per total culture was comparable to that of PBMC expanded with rIL-2 alone because of the larger total expansion of the former culture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77246,"journal":{"name":"Lymphokine and cytokine research","volume":"12 4","pages":"191-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19207840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insulin-like growth factor-1 activity is inhibited by interleukin-1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6. 胰岛素样生长因子-1活性受到白细胞介素-1 α、肿瘤坏死因子- α和白细胞介素-6的抑制。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-08-01

D D Lazarus, L L Moldawer, S F Lowry

引用次数: 0

Effects of hemorrhage on cytokine gene transcription. 出血对细胞因子基因转录的影响。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-08-01

R Shenkar, E Abraham

{"title":"Effects of hemorrhage on cytokine gene transcription.","authors":"R Shenkar, E Abraham","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Injury and blood loss are often followed by infection and the rapid development of organ system dysfunction, frequently involving mucosal sites, such as the lung and intestine. To examine possible mechanisms contributing to these conditions, we used semiquantitative polymerase chain reactions to determine cytokine mRNA expression among cellular populations isolated from mucosal and systemic anatomic sites of mice at predetermined time points following 30% blood volume hemorrhage with resuscitation 1 hr later. Within 1 hr after hemorrhage, significant increases were observed in mRNA levels for IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-5, and TGF-beta in intraparenchymal pulmonary mononuclear cells. The levels of TGF-beta transcripts among alveolar macrophages were increased 1 hr following blood loss, and increase in IL-1 alpha transcripts was found starting 2 hr posthemorrhage. Cells from Peyer's patches showed significant increases in mRNA levels for IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta during the 4 hr following hemorrhage. Significant increases in mRNA levels for IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta were present within 4 hr of blood loss among cells isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes. The expression of mRNA for most cytokines was not significantly altered in splenocytes or peripheral blood mononuclear cells at any time point following hemorrhage. These experiments demonstrate that blood loss, even if resuscitated, produces significant increases in proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokine gene transcription as early as 1 hr following hemorrhage. These posthemorrhage alterations in cytokine mRNA expression were particularly prominent at mucosal sites, suggesting a mechanism for the increased incidence of pulmonary and intestinal involvement in organ system failure following severe blood loss and injury.","PeriodicalId":77246,"journal":{"name":"Lymphokine and cytokine research","volume":"12 4","pages":"237-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19208367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early down-regulation of TNF production by LPS tolerance in human monocytes: comparison with IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8. 人单核细胞LPS耐受对TNF产生的早期下调:与IL-1 β、IL-6和IL-8的比较

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-08-01

M Mengozzi, G Fantuzzi, M Sironi, M Bianchi, M Fratelli, G Peri, S Bernasconi, P Ghezzi

{"title":"Early down-regulation of TNF production by LPS tolerance in human monocytes: comparison with IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8.","authors":"M Mengozzi, G Fantuzzi, M Sironi, M Bianchi, M Fratelli, G Peri, S Bernasconi, P Ghezzi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the effect of a 4-hr preexposure to LPS on the ability of human monocytes to respond to a subsequent stimulation with LPS in terms of cytokine production. LPS-preexposed monocytes did not produce TNF on LPS restimulation, but they retained the ability to produce IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8. LPS-tolerant monocytes were still capable of producing TNF when restimulated with zymosan. Down-regulation of TNF by LPS tolerance was also evident at the mRNA level. To investigate the possible mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we also studied the effect of LPS preexposure on membrane CD14, which was suggested to be an LPS receptor, and on intracellular cAMP, an inhibitor of TNF production. LPS induced a 50% decrease in CD14 expression. On the other hand, the increase in cAMP levels by LPS was not affected by preexposure to LPS. In conclusion, (a) TNF is more rapidly down-regulated than IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 during LPS tolerance in vitro; (b) early LPS tolerance is associated with decreased CD14, which might partially explain the decreased LPS response; and (c) a feedback mechanism controlling TNF synthesis, cAMP elevation, is not down-regulated in LPS tolerance.","PeriodicalId":77246,"journal":{"name":"Lymphokine and cytokine research","volume":"12 4","pages":"231-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18697437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Independent transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of the two tumor necrosis factor receptors in promyelocytic HL-60 cells. 早幼粒细胞HL-60细胞中两种肿瘤坏死因子受体的独立转录和转录后调控。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-08-01

L Lindvall, M Lantz, A M Persson, I Olsson, U Gullberg

{"title":"Independent transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of the two tumor necrosis factor receptors in promyelocytic HL-60 cells.","authors":"L Lindvall, M Lantz, A M Persson, I Olsson, U Gullberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Two separate tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors of approximately 55 kDa (TNF-R55) and 75 kDa (TNF-R75) have been identified. The role of protein kinase A activation by dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP) and of protein kinase C activation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) for transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of the two receptors was investigated in promyelocytic HL-60 cells. Incubation with dbcAMP or the adenylate cyclase agonist forskolin caused an increase in the level of TNF-R75 mRNA while TNF-R55 mRNA was unaffected. The half-life of transcripts for both TNF-R55 and TNF-R75 was unaffected as judged by disappearance of mRNA after inhibition of transcription with actinomycin D. Thus the transcription of the TNF-R75 gene seemed to be enhanced by activation of protein kinase A. This enhancement was not dependent on de novo protein synthesis. Incubation with PMA did not affect the mRNA level of any of the TNF receptors. Both TNF-R55 and TNF-R75 mRNA showed a prolonged half-life after incubation with the inhibitor of protein synthesis cycloheximide, indicating superinduction of the genes. Our results demonstrate that the two TNF receptors can be regulated differently at the transcriptional level and that both transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation occurs.","PeriodicalId":77246,"journal":{"name":"Lymphokine and cytokine research","volume":"12 4","pages":"205-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19207842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interacting monocytes and synoviocytes induce adhesion molecules by a cytokine-regulated process. 相互作用的单核细胞和滑膜细胞通过细胞因子调节的过程诱导粘附分子。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-08-01

M L Blue, P Conrad, D L Webb, T Sarr, M Macaro

{"title":"Interacting monocytes and synoviocytes induce adhesion molecules by a cytokine-regulated process.","authors":"M L Blue, P Conrad, D L Webb, T Sarr, M Macaro","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Monocytes/macrophages and synovial fibroblast-like cells are in intimate contact in the synovium and are believed to play a critical role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. We investigated the effects of monocyte-synoviocyte interactions in vitro on cytokine release and the expression of adhesion molecules. Using a sensitive Western blot assay, we found that VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression were up-regulated in synoviocytes following coculture. The interaction also resulted in the accumulation of TNF and IL-6, but not IFN-gamma in the culture medium. Culture supernatant from monocyte-synoviocyte samples effectively induced adhesion molecules in synoviocytes. Anti-TNF partially inhibited the increase in VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression, indicating that TNF in part mediates VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression. Interestingly, the induction of cytokines and adhesion molecules did not require cell contact between monocytes and synoviocytes, suggesting cell communication via soluble factors. T cell cytokines enhanced the induction of adhesion molecules induced by the monocyte-synoviocyte interaction. IFN-gamma and IL-4, which are produced by distinct T helper subsets, had differential effects on monocyte-synoviocyte interactions. IFN-gamma had a minimal effect on VCAM-1 expression by synovial fibroblasts, but synergized with monocytes to dramatically up-regulate ICAM-1 expression. IL-4 had no effect on ICAM-1 expression but enhanced monocyte-induced expression of VCAM-1. Our results demonstrate that the up-regulation of adhesion molecules following monocyte-synoviocyte interactions is mediated by soluble factors and can be regulated by specific T cell cytokines.","PeriodicalId":77246,"journal":{"name":"Lymphokine and cytokine research","volume":"12 4","pages":"213-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18697436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IL-1 alpha inhibits human hair follicle growth and hair fiber production in whole-organ cultures. 在全器官培养中，IL-1 α抑制人类毛囊生长和头发纤维的产生。

Lymphokine and cytokine research Pub Date : 1993-08-01

C S Harmon, T D Nevins

{"title":"IL-1 alpha inhibits human hair follicle growth and hair fiber production in whole-organ cultures.","authors":"C S Harmon, T D Nevins","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we have used a recently developed human hair follicle whole-organ culture system to investigate the effect of IL-1 alpha on hair follicle growth and hair fiber production. In the presence of 10 ng/ml IL-1 alpha, the growth of cultured human hair follicles ceased within 2-4 days, whereas control hair follicles grew for a period of 7-10 days. IL-1 alpha also inhibited hair fiber growth, but with an onset which occurred 3 days later than that of follicle growth inhibition. An IC50 value of approximately 30 pg/ml was obtained for IL-1 alpha inhibition of follicle growth. Incubation of hair follicles with IL-1 alpha resulted in a rapid, transient reduction in the rate of whole-follicle DNA synthesis. 1000-fold molar excess of IL-1 receptor antagonist prevented IL-1-induced follicle growth inhibition, while antagonist alone was without effect. The selective PKC inhibitor, Ro 31-7549, augmented IL-1-induced inhibition of hair follicle growth, but did not itself affect hair follicle growth. These findings indicate that IL-1 alpha exerts a rapid antiproliferative effect on hair follicles, and that inhibition of hair fiber growth is a secondary response. Thus, IL-1 may play a role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory hair loss conditions, such as alopecia areata, through a direct growth-inhibitory effect on hair follicles.","PeriodicalId":77246,"journal":{"name":"Lymphokine and cytokine research","volume":"12 4","pages":"197-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19207841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0