Journal of experimental animal science最新文献

{"title":"Failure to induce alopecia areata in C3H/HeJ mice with exogenous interferon gamma","authors":"John P. Sundberg ,&nbsp;Kathleen A. Silva ,&nbsp;Kathryn Edwards ,&nbsp;Steven Black ,&nbsp;A. Bennett Jenson ,&nbsp;Lloyd E. King","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alopecia areata<span><span> is a cell mediated autoimmune disease that targets actively growing, anagen stage hair follicles in several mammalian species. Upregulation of MHC I due to interferon gamma<span> is considered to be one of the initiating steps. To test this hypothesis we used the spontaneous C3H/HeJ mouse model, induced anagen by wax stripping the skin, and injected recombinant murine interferon gamma. Alopecia areata is a complex polygenic trait with low </span></span>penetrance in these mice. Injection of interferon gamma did not change the frequency or time of onset of alopecia in these mice suggesting this protein alone is not sufficient to initiate disease.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 265-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreasing surgical complications in porcine kidney autotransplantation by a new technique of implantation","authors":"Jürgen Treckmann ,&nbsp;Manfred Nagelschmidt ,&nbsp;Stefan Saad ,&nbsp;Julia Hoffmann ,&nbsp;Karl-Heinz Waldmann ,&nbsp;Christoph E. Broelsch ,&nbsp;Andreas Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autotransplantation<span> of kidneys<span><span> in animal models enables the examination of ischemic and reperfusion injuries and of the effects of different treatment modalities without interference of immunological processes. Descriptions of the operative procedures of autotransplantation, although often used, are incomplete. An experiment with German landrace </span>pigs was performed to compare the effects of retrograde oxygen persufflation, machine perfusion, and cold storage on warm ischemically damaged kidneys. The development of the autotransplantation model for porcine kidneys and the technical modifications to overcome the experienced drawbacks are described.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 231-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in a norepinephrine-containing medium alters in vivo tissue prevalence in swine","authors":"M.J. Toscano ,&nbsp;T.J. Stabel ,&nbsp;S.M.D. Bearson ,&nbsp;B.L. Bearson ,&nbsp;D.C. Lay Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transporting swine to slaughter is often linked with an increase in shedding of <em>Salmonella</em><span><span>, but little information exists to explain the role of stress. Recent research has suggested the catecholamine </span>norepinephrine (NE) as a potential host signal during stress. The current study sought to investigate the prevalence of </span><span><em>Salmonella enterica</em></span><span> serovar Typhimurium in fecal samples and various tissues following inoculation with </span><em>S</em>. Typhimurium exposed to NE in vitro. The samples were collected at 3 and 24<!--> <span>h post-inoculation (p.i.) from pigs inoculated with </span><em>S.</em> Typhimurium cultured in either Luria–Bertani medium (LBC) or NE-infused, SAPI minimal medium (NEC). Bacterial quantification of tissue and fecal samples revealed a difference in the concentration of <em>Salmonella</em> between the two infections for six tissues at the two time points, five of which were greater in the NEC animals (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05). Upon observing an increase in the number of <em>Salmonella</em> associated with the stomach wall tissues at 3<!--> <span>h p.i. for the NEC culture, an experiment was conducted using an ex vivo swine contents assay to determine the effect of NE exposure on the ability of the organism to survive the conditions of the porcine stomach; NE treatment enhanced the survival of </span><em>S.</em> Typhimurium more than 2 logs (<em>p</em>&lt;0.007). Our results demonstrate an increase in the number of <em>Salmonella</em> associated with various swine tissues following experimental inoculation with NE-treated <em>S</em>. Typhimurium; thus, a possible scenario could be envisioned with a <em>Salmonella</em>-infected pig being stressed during transportation/mixing, resulting in the shedding of NE-stimulated <em>Salmonella</em> and exposure of naïve, stress-compromised penmates with a “primed” microorganism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 329-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hereditary hyperglycaemia and pancreatic degeneration in Guinea pigs","authors":"S. Glage ,&nbsp;K. Kamino ,&nbsp;A. Jörns ,&nbsp;H.J. Hedrich ,&nbsp;D. Wedekind","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In this manuscript we describe two closely related inbred guinea pig strains, maintained at the Central Animal Facility of the Hannover Medical School, which develop a Type 2 diabetes mellitus-like syndrome. Both strains are characterised by a high incidence of hyperglycaemia, early onset and manifestation of hyperglycaemia (3 months of age), non-inflammatory chronic vacuolary degeneration of </span><em>ß</em><span><span>-cells in the pancreas, and an opacity of the optic lens. The development of diabetes was monitored by determination of blood glucose concentration and </span>light microscopy of various organs. The measurement of serum insulin revealed a severe decrease.</span></p><p>Tentative treatment was done by implantation of a sustained release insulin implant, but showed no impact on the blood glucose concentration within an observation period of 8 weeks.</p><p>Further functional and genetic studies are needed to verify whether these two strains of guinea pigs make valuable animal models for studying the interacting factors leading to Type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 309-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of intra-amniotic surfactant administration for lung maturation in preterm sheep","authors":"M. Sezik ,&nbsp;O. Ozkaya ,&nbsp;E. Arslanoglu ,&nbsp;A. Koker ,&nbsp;H. Cetin ,&nbsp;D. Ozbasar ,&nbsp;H. Kaya","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>We aimed to evaluate the effects of intra-amniotic surfactant administration on alveolar lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio, density of type II pneumocytes<span>, and fetal lung function in preterm merino<span> sheep. Pregnant ewes at 119 days gestation either received 200</span></span></span> <!-->mg intra-amniotic surfactant (<em>n</em>=4) or saline solution (<em>n</em>=4). After 24<!--> <!-->h, the lambs were delivered by hysterotomy and mechanically ventilated. Lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios in alveolar fluid, inflating pressure–volume relationships, and type II pneumocyte counts in histological specimens were compared among the groups. All of the lambs completed the protocol. Mean lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio increased significantly in amniotic (<em>p</em>=0.03) and alveolar fluid (<em>p</em>=0.03) samples of surfactant-treated animals. Lung function in terms of pressure–volume curves did not differ between two groups. Type II pneumocyte density tended to be higher (<em>p</em>=0.057) after intra-amniotic surfactant administration. Single-dose treatment with intra-amniotic surfactant seems to improve amniotic and alveolar lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio questionably by increasing alveolar type II cells. Pressure–volume relationships from inflation of the lungs might be unaltered with intra-amniotic surfactant treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 301-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partially antagonisable anaesthesia of the small hedgehog tenrec (Echinops telfairi) with medetomidine, midazolam and ketamine","authors":"J. Henke ,&nbsp;J. Reinert ,&nbsp;A.K. Preissel ,&nbsp;S. Radtke-Schuller","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It was purpose of this study to establish a safe and stable anaesthesia for the small hedgehog tenrec (<span><em>Echinops</em><em> telfairi</em></span>) which can be used for short- and long-time interventions.</p><p>Therefore 29 small hedgehog tenrecs were anaesthetized between 30<!--> <!-->min and 4.5<!--> <!-->h with a combination of the <em>α</em>₂<span>-agonist medetomidine (0.2</span> <span>mg/kg), the benzodiazepine midazolam (3</span> <!-->mg/kg) and the dissociative anaesthetic ketamine (20<!--> <!-->mg/kg) (MMK). All injections were administered subcutaneously (SC) in the area of the back by carefully lifting the animal's quills with a forceps. After SC injection of MMK animals lost their righting reflexes after 3.6<!--> <!-->min (±1.12). Oxygen was supplemented to the animals’ nose and their body temperature was maintained constantly at 30<!--> <!-->°C by a heating plate.</p><p>Values of respiratory rate, pulse rate and oxygen saturation during the experiment were statistically evaluated by ANOVA and post-hoc tests to a level of significance determined as 5%.</p><p>The animals had stable cardiovascular and respiratory values and good muscle relaxation.</p><p>Between the 15th and the 45th minute the level of anaesthesia was deep enough for surgical interventions. Respiratory rate in this phase was 29.6±8.1 breaths/min and pulse rate was about 81.9±20 beats/min.</p><p><span>MMK was partially antagonised with a combination of atipamezole (1</span> <!-->mg/kg) and flumazenile (0.2<!--> <!-->mg/kg) (AF) SC. Time of complete recovery took about 8.8<!--> <!-->min (8.76±4.31<!--> <!-->min) after administering the antagonists.</p><p>The partially antagonisable combination of MMK produced a stable anaesthesia in small hedgehog tenrecs up to 4.5<!--> <!-->h. Therefore MMK can be used for short time interventions as well as e.g. for long-lasting neurophysiological recordings, when animals should survive the trials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 255-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dear subscribers and readers of JEAnS!","authors":"Hans J. Hedrich","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 229-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"105472494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recessive yellow in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)","authors":"F. Petrij,&nbsp;M. Mettler,&nbsp;V. Brückmann,&nbsp;K. van Veen","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new autosomal recessive coat color mutant in the Mongolian gerbil (<span><em>Meriones unguiculatus</em></span><span>) is described: recessive yellow. On the dorsal side the mutant has a rich yellow to ginger color. Ventrally it shows the typical creamy white belly of a wild-type Mongolian gerbil. The dorsal yellow hairs have short black tips, and a light olive green base. A clear demarcation line between dorsal and ventral color is present. Crosses between recessive yellow animals and multiple homozygous recessive tester animals (</span><em>a/a</em>; <em>c</em>^<em>chm</em><em>/c</em>^<em>chm</em>; <em>g/g</em>; <em>p/p</em><span>) resulted only in animals of an agouti (wild-type) phenotype, showing that the new allele is not allelic with any of the known coat color mutations in the Mongolian gerbil. Molecular studies showed that the new mutant is caused by a missence mutation at the extension (</span><em>E</em>) locus. On a non-agouti background (<em>a/a</em>; <em>e/e</em><span>) mutant animals look like a dark wild-type agouti. In contrast to wild-type agouti it shows yellow pigmentation and dark ticking at the ventral side, resulting in the absence of a demarcation line. Since black pigment is present in both the agouti and non-agouti variant (</span><em>A/A</em>; <em>e/e</em> and <em>a/a</em>; <em>e/e</em>), we conclude that recessive yellow in the Mongolian gerbil is non-epistatic to agouti. Additionally we describe a second mutation at the same locus leading to a similar phenotype, however without black pigment and diminishing yellow pigment during life. Fertility and viability of both new mutants are within normal range. The extension (<em>E</em><span>) gene is known to encode the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). Interestingly, this is the only gene that is known to account for substantial variation in skin and hair color in humans. Many different mutations are known of which some are associated with higher skin cancer incidence.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 319-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ibuprofen on the development of fat-induced atherosclerosis in New Zealand rabbits","authors":"B. Sekalska ,&nbsp;A. Ciechanowicz ,&nbsp;B. Dolegowska ,&nbsp;M. Naruszewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Inflammatory mechanism plays important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The migration of monocytes<span><span> to activated arterial endothelium with involvement of chemokines and adhesion molecules is one of the earliest detectable events in it. The monocyte chemotactic protein type 1 (MCP-1) is known for its potent attractant action on monocytes, precursors of </span>foam cells accounting for the bulk of atheromatous plaques. MCP-1 is synthesized in vivo by activated </span></span>endothelial cells expressing the MCP-1 gene under control of transcription factor-</span><em>κ</em>B (NF-<em>κ</em>B). Inhibitors of NF-<em>κ</em><span>B activation include ibuprofen<span> (2-[4-isobutyl-phenyl]-propionic acid) belonging to non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The aim of this study was to determinate the effect of ibuprofen on the development of fat-induced atherosclerosis in New Zealand White rabbits.</span></span></p><p>Ibuprofen significantly reduced the expression of the MCP-1 gene both in rabbit groups fed the standard chow for 2 and 3 months as compared with control groups consumed the standard chow without ibuprofen for 2 (<em>p</em>&lt;0.005) and 3 months (<em>p</em>&lt;0.01), respectively, and with control groups consumed high-cholesterol chow for 2 (<em>p</em>&lt;0.005) and 3 (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05) months, respectively. Ibuprofen significantly reduced the expression of the MCP-1 gene in the study group fed the high-cholesterol chow for 2 months as compared with the group consumed the high-cholesterol chow without ibuprofen for 2 months (<em>p</em><span>&lt;0.01). Nevertheless, ibuprofen failed to protect against outcomes of the high-fat diet such as atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta, elevated concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides, and markedly higher liver/body mass and adrenals/body mass ratios. It was concluded that low doses of ibuprofen suppress the expression of the MCP-1 gene without any effect on the progress of fat-induced atherosclerosis.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 283-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel tissue preservative and tissue fixative for comparative pathology and animal research","authors":"Dijana Gugic,&nbsp;Mehdi Nassiri,&nbsp;Mehrdad Nadji,&nbsp;Azorides Morales,&nbsp;Vladimir Vincek","doi":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p><span>To determine whether universal molecular fixative (UMFIX), a novel human tissue fixative, could also be used as an animal tissue fixative for histomorphology and a preservative of RNA at subtropical temperatures. </span>Cat<span>, dog<span><span>, mouse, pigeon, rabbit and </span>rat tissue, as well as ant, beetle, earthworm and lizard were collected. Tissue was fixed in UMFIX for up to a week at room or ambient temperatures, processed and paraffin embedded. Histomorphology and RNA quality were evaluated and compared to formalin-fixed and fresh frozen tissue.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Animal tissue fixed in UMFIX at room temperature or high ambient temperature (30–34<!--> <!-->°C) provides similar histomorphology. Comparable to other alcohol-based fixatives, UMFIX produces a histomorphology similar but not identical to formalin. All minor histopathological differences, however, in no way interfere with establishing the correct diagnostic conclusion. Whereas RNA extracted from animal tissue fixed in formalin was completely degraded, tissue fixed up to 1 week in UMFIX at high ambient temperatures rendered completely intact RNA.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>UMFIX represents a new class of preservative/fixative that protects RNA and provides acceptable histomorphology. Tissue fixation and preservation of RNA can be achieved at high ambient temperatures. This allows collection of animal tissue in field research without the need for immediate freezing of tissue and also provides histomorphology comparable to formalin-fixed tissue. Furthermore, as RNA is also preserved in UMFIX preserved paraffin-embedded tissue, if amount of tissue is limited the same tissue that is used to determine histomorphology can be used to extract RNA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77206,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental animal science","volume":"43 4","pages":"Pages 271-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jeas.2006.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54680101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}