American family physician最新文献_第5页

Update on Routine Immunizations for Children and Adolescents. 儿童和青少年常规免疫的最新情况。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Gretchen M Irwin

{"title":"Update on Routine Immunizations for Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Gretchen M Irwin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood and adolescent immunizations compose a valuable public health tool to prevent infection, morbidity, and mortality. The American Academy of Family Physicians recommends that patients receive all recommended immunizations from their usual source of primary care and does not support nonmedical immunization exemptions. Maintaining high vaccination coverage is crucial for preventing outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. Less than 70% of US children have received the full series of recommended vaccinations at 24 months of age. Using electronic health record reminders and creating standing orders to vaccinate according to protocol at every visit can address practice barriers to vaccination. Whereas most routine childhood immunizations have remained the same for the past 10 years, several considerable changes have occurred. With few exceptions, COVID-19 immunizations are recommended annually for all children to prevent disease and hospitalization and to decrease the risk of post-COVID-19 condition. New pneumococcal vaccine formulations that protect against more serotypes are recommended. Pneumococcal vaccination decreases the risk of meningitis, pneumonia, and possibly acute otitis media in children. Either respiratory syncytial virus immunization for the mother between 32 and 36 weeks of gestation from September to January or the monoclonal antibody nirsevimab for the infant from October to March are now recommended for all mother-infant dyads to prevent severe illness.","PeriodicalId":7713,"journal":{"name":"American family physician","volume":"111 5","pages":"419-426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acknowledging and Thanking AFP's 2024 Peer Reviewers. 感谢法新社2024位同行评审。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Sumi Sexton

引用次数: 0

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Management in Children Despite Adenotonsillectomy: Guidelines From the American Thoracic Society. 儿童腺扁桃体切除术后的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停管理：美国胸科学会指南。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Michael J Arnold

引用次数: 0

Plantar Ecchymosis. 足底瘀斑。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Kara Babo, Evan Locke

引用次数: 0

Recurrent Rash in a Newborn. 新生儿复发性皮疹。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Hannah Galloway, Alexander Marchek, Rebekah Rowe

引用次数: 0

Clarification: Continuous vs Sequential Administration of Hormone Therapy for Menopausal Symptoms. 澄清：对绝经期症状的激素治疗的连续与顺序管理。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Tajwar Taher, Breanna Thompson

引用次数: 0

Health Maintenance in Postmenopausal Women. 绝经后妇女的健康维护。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Monica Plesa, Anita Wong, Ereni Katsaggelos

{"title":"Health Maintenance in Postmenopausal Women.","authors":"Monica Plesa, Anita Wong, Ereni Katsaggelos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"There are unique considerations for preventive care in postmenopausal women. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for women in the United States, and postmenopausal women should be routinely screened for risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 10-year risk scores should be calculated to guide management of risk factors, including lifestyle changes and medications, particularly statins. Average-risk women should be screened for breast cancer with mammography every 1 to 2 years starting at age 40 years. Lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography should be offered annually to current and former smokers aged 50 to 80 years with at least a 20-pack-year history. Colorectal cancer screening is recommended in average-risk women aged 45 to 75 years. Cervical cancer screening should be performed every 3 to 5 years, and it should be discontinued in women older than 65 years with negative results on adequate prior screening. Average-risk women 65 years and older should be screened for osteoporosis with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The diagnosis of osteoporosis is based on a T-score of -2.5 or less, and those with a Fracture Risk Assessment Tool score of 3% or greater for hip fracture or 20% or greater for any major osteoporotic fracture should be treated. Postmenopausal women should be routinely screened for high-risk sexual behavior, HIV, hepatitis, depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders.","PeriodicalId":7713,"journal":{"name":"American family physician","volume":"111 5","pages":"407-418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Migraine Headache Prophylaxis. 预防偏头痛。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Paige Moreland, Brody Gaffney, Jason S Lanham

{"title":"Migraine Headache Prophylaxis.","authors":"Paige Moreland, Brody Gaffney, Jason S Lanham","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Migraine headaches are a debilitating condition that affects approximately 1% of the US population. Goals of migraine prophylaxis include reduction in headache severity and frequency, improved response to acute treatment, fewer days with disability, improvement in quality of life, and empowerment of patients with a sense of control over the condition. Indications for consideration of preventive therapy include frequent headaches, failure of or contraindication to acute treatments, overuse of acute treatments, and patient preference. First-line medications include propranolol, metoprolol, topiramate, divalproex, valproate, and calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists. However, use of calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists is limited by cost and insurance coverage. Amitriptyline and venlafaxine are considered second-line medications due to a greater number of adverse events and less supporting evidence, respectively. OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injection is approved for chronic migraine prophylaxis. It is as effective as other medications, is well tolerated, and has lower discontinuation rates than other drugs. Common migraine triggers include alcohol, anxiety, dehydration, excessive caffeine, eye strain, hunger, sleep deprivation, and stress. Physicians should recommend identification and management of migraine triggers. Cognitive behavior therapy, acupuncture, neural stimulators, and exercise are supported by varying levels of evidence and can be used individually or in combination with pharmacotherapy. Alternative agents, including feverfew, magnesium, and melatonin, have shown effectiveness and are generally well tolerated.","PeriodicalId":7713,"journal":{"name":"American family physician","volume":"111 5","pages":"443-450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Timolol: A Low-Cost Adjunctive Treatment for Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea. 替莫洛尔：一种治疗红斑毛细血管扩张型酒渣鼻的低成本辅助疗法。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-05-01

Mohammad Alzaid, Firas Al-Niaimi, Faisal R Ali

引用次数: 0

Case Report: An Unusual Cause of Headache in a Returning Traveler. 病例报告：一名返程旅行者的不寻常头痛原因。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-04-01

Andrea Gataric, Mary Kay Nording

引用次数: 0