American family physician最新文献_第5页

Alpha-Lipoic Acid for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. α -硫辛酸治疗糖尿病周围神经病变。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Sarah M Abuali, D Jason Frasca

引用次数: 0

Among Psychedelics, Only Psilocybin Has Demonstrated Benefit to Treat Depression. 在致幻剂中，只有裸盖菇素被证明对治疗抑郁症有益。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Allen F Shaughnessy

引用次数: 0

e-Cigarettes (Vaping) Can Help People Quit Smoking, Although the Effect May Decrease Over Time. 电子烟（Vaping）可以帮助人们戒烟，尽管效果可能会随着时间的推移而减弱。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Allen F Shaughnessy

引用次数: 0

Acid-Base Interpretation: A Practical Approach. 酸碱解释：一个实用的方法。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Masahiro J Morikawa, Prakash R Ganesh

{"title":"Acid-Base Interpretation: A Practical Approach.","authors":"Masahiro J Morikawa, Prakash R Ganesh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Acid-base disorders are prevalent in critically ill patients, and a systematic approach is essential for evaluation. The first step is to determine the primary process based on a patient's pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and bicarbonate measurements. After this is complete, the next step is to evaluate for respiratory or metabolic compensation. Deviations from expected compensation may indicate additional acid-base processes. For metabolic acidosis, anion gap calculation distinguishes between anion gap metabolic acidosis and non-anion gap metabolic acidosis. The evaluation for anion gap metabolic acidosis includes calculating the osmolal gap and conducting a gap-gap analysis. Evaluating non-anion gap metabolic acidosis involves urine anion gap calculation. These analyses identify potential etiologies and additional acid-base disturbances. Metabolic alkalosis assessment begins with measuring urine chloride levels to determine whether the process is a result of chloride depletion. Respiratory acidosis, caused by hypoventilation, often results from chronic lung disease or neuromuscular dysfunction. Respiratory alkalosis, due to hyperventilation, is common in sepsis, chronic liver disease, and acute pulmonary embolism.","PeriodicalId":7713,"journal":{"name":"American family physician","volume":"111 2","pages":"148-155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Questionnaires Enrich Care Conversations. 问卷调查丰富护理对话。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Mark H Hyman, Douglas W Martin

引用次数: 0

Genital Warts: Rapid Evidence Review. 生殖器疣：快速证据审查。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Richard W Temple, Jackeline C L Larker, Janelle M Brus

{"title":"Genital Warts: Rapid Evidence Review.","authors":"Richard W Temple, Jackeline C L Larker, Janelle M Brus","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Genital warts (also referred to as anogenital warts and condyloma acuminatum) are caused by human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 in 90% of cases. They are transmitted primarily through anogenital contact and penetrative and non-penetrative sex. Transmission can be effectively prevented with vaccination. Current evidence regarding the effects of condom use on the prevalence of genital warts is conflicting. In the United States from 2013-2016, the prevalence of genital warts among individuals ages 18 to 59 years was 1.3% in men and 3.1% in women. The diagnosis is made clinically by the appearance of single or multiple lesions that may coalesce or be the same color as surrounding skin, cauliflower-like, flat, papular, or keratotic. Biopsy is indicated in some cases, such as for atypical lesions. Treatment may be patient- or physician-administered, with choice of treatment informed by shared decision-making. Treatment options may be limited by physician skills and clinic availability. Podofilox 0.5% solution is the most effective patient-administered therapy and carbon dioxide laser therapy, surgery, and electrosurgery are the most effective for wart removal at the end of treatment. All treatment strategies are associated with some recurrence, but most successfully treated warts do not recur. Use of podofilox, imiquimod, and sinecatechins should be avoided in pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":7713,"journal":{"name":"American family physician","volume":"111 2","pages":"156-162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lower Extremity Abnormalities in Children. 儿童下肢异常。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Drew C Baird, Caleb G Dickison, Hayley I Spires

{"title":"Lower Extremity Abnormalities in Children.","authors":"Drew C Baird, Caleb G Dickison, Hayley I Spires","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Rotational and angular variations of the lower extremities in children are common conditions seen in primary care. These visits are often due to parental concerns about the appearance of their child's lower extremities. Common variations include intoeing (metatarsus adductus, internal tibial torsion, and femoral anteversion); out-toeing (external tibial torsion, femoral retroversion, and pes planus); and angular variations (genu varum and genu valgum). History, particularly age of onset; duration; progression; appearance and impact; prenatal and birth history; nutritional deficiencies; growth and development; medical and family history of related disorders, including rheumatologic, autoimmune, or neurologic conditions, can help differentiate normal variations from true deformities. In addition to a routine physical examination, a focused examination measuring a variety of parameters, such as foot progression angle, internal and external hip rotation, thigh-foot angle, joint laxity, and other condition-specific tests should be performed. If an underlying cause is identified, it should be treated; however, these conditions typically do not require further evaluation or treatment if measurements are within age-related normal ranges and patients are asymptomatic, and parents can be reassured that they are benign. There is minimal evidence to support the use of orthotics or braces. Referral to a pediatric orthopedist should be considered when measurements are more than 2 standard deviations outside of normal values, children have pain, or function is affected.","PeriodicalId":7713,"journal":{"name":"American family physician","volume":"111 2","pages":"125-139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recurrent Thumb Growth. 复发性拇指生长。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Lindsey Collins, Anuj Kunadia

引用次数: 0

Testosterone Replacement Therapy for Male Hypogonadism. 男性性腺功能减退的睾酮替代疗法。

IF 3.8 3区医学

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-02-01

Jon Edwards

引用次数: 0

Topical Corticosteroids for Treating Phimosis in Boys. 局部皮质类固醇治疗男童包茎病。