Alcohol最新文献

{"title":"19. Fecal microbiome transfer from moderate-dose alcohol-fed mice modulates gut-brain axis and ameliorates neuroinflammation in a sex-specific pattern","authors":"Adriana Souto Pereira Nuncio, Blaine Caslin, Cole Maguire, Cara Fonken, Esther Melamed","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"113 ","pages":"Page 62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138396003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"21. Hepatic stellate cells and alcohol: Investigating canonical Wnt/b-catenin signaling in models of alcohol-associated liver disease","authors":"Lauren Rutt, Rebecca McCullough","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"113 ","pages":"Page 63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138335296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"23. Ceramide as a novel link between alcohol use disorder and pulmonary inflammation","authors":"Jamie L. Sturgill, Ilhem Messaoudi","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"113 ","pages":"Pages 63-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138345318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"24. Hepatic stellate cell-intrinsic role for IRF3 in TGFβ-induced fibrogenesis","authors":"Jared B. Travers, Jianguo Wu, Christina K. Cajigas-Du Ross, Laura E. Nagy","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"113 ","pages":"Page 64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138345319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"10. SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in the lung are compromised by chronic alcohol consumption","authors":"Sloan A. Lewis , Isaac R. Cinco , Brianna M. Doratt , Madison B. Blanton , Cherise Hoagland , Natali Newman , Michael Davies , Kathleen A. Grant , Ilhem Messaoudi","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"113 ","pages":"Page 60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138356166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thiamine utilization and the lack of prescribing standardization: A critical examination","authors":"Todd N. Brothers ,&nbsp;Margaret Furtado ,&nbsp;Mohammad A. Al-Mamun","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Thiamine is often prescribed for thiamine deficiency during hospitalization despite the lack of US-based clinical guidelines. This study aims to evaluate thiamine prescribing patterns and key characteristics associated with the deficiency to address gaps in care.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were obtained from electronic health records of hospitalized patients between September 1, 2021, and March 30, 2022. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) was defined by a positive Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment score or a positive serum alcohol level upon admission. Geriatric patients were defined as age ≥65. Cohort 1 was defined as: AUD, albumin &lt;4 g/L, INR &gt;1.5, and total bilirubin &gt;3 mg/dL. Cohort 2 was defined as: age &gt;65, albumin &lt;4 g/L, hemoglobin &lt;15 g/dL, and folate &lt;4 ng/mL. A multivariable LASSO regression model was used to identify characteristics associated with higher thiamine dosing (&gt;100 mg/day).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 780 patients, 520 (66.7%) were identified as AUD, of which 265 (50.1%) were between the ages of 45–64 years. The AUD cohort was significantly different (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in the mean serum albumin 4.16 g/L (IQR: 3.8–4.5), AST 73.55 U/L (23.75–82.00), ALT 52.57 U/L (17.00–57.00), total bilirubin 0.98 (0.3–1.0), and INR 1.1 (0.99–1.12), compared to non-AUD patients with a mean serum albumin 3.75 g/L (3.3–4.2), AST 35.07 U/L (11.00–42.00), ALT 32.77 U/L (5.00–34.00), total bilirubin 0.89 (0.2–0.9), and INR 1.21 (1.0–1.22). In the geriatric cohort, 136 patients (17%) had a mean serum albumin 3.77 g/L (3.4–4.2), AST 38.66 U/L (14.0–41.0), ALT 29.36 U/L (9.0–37.0), total bilirubin 0.62 mg/dL (0.30–0.90), and direct bilirubin 0.12 mg/dL (0.00–0.20), compared to the non-geriatric cohort with a mean serum albumin 4.10 g/L (3.8–4.40), AST 66.44 U/L (21.0–75.0), ALT 50.03 U/L (16.00–53.75), total bilirubin 1.02 mg/dL (0.30–1.00), and direct bilirubin 0.31 mg/dL (0.00–0.20). In cohort 1, 40.6% patients were between 51 and 64 years old, (66.5%) male, and had a BMI &lt;25 (36.4%). In cohort 2, 52.6% were between 65 and 70 years old, (57.9%) male, and had a BMI &lt;25 (57.9%). Cohort 1 were prescribed a dose of 100 mg (47.7 %), oral (63.5%), intramuscular (18.2%), daily (58.9%), one-day duration (49.4%) most frequently. Cohort 2 were prescribed a dose of 100 mg (56.0%), oral (77.2%), daily (77.2%), one-day duration (29.8%) most frequently. The AUD was significantly associated with having a higher dosage (e.g., &gt;100 mg) of thiamine prescribed per day OR 1.62 (1.11–2.37) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study confirms that thiamine prescribing patterns vary during hospitalization and suggest specific laboratory findings may aid in identifying cohorts associated with the deficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"117 ","pages":"Pages 11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138049007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing the safety of phenobarbital treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome on general medical wards: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Matthew V. Ronan ,&nbsp;Rahul B. Ganatra ,&nbsp;Jussi Saukkonen","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Concern about adverse effects from phenobarbital limits its use in treating alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) on general medical wards. Benzodiazepines are the recommended treatment for inpatient management of AWS, yet a subset of patients have an inadequate response or experience complications of AWS despite treatment with benzodiazepines. Data supporting an alternative treatment are needed. We set out to estimate the rate of serious adverse events (SAEs) of phenobarbital treatment for AWS on general medical wards.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective cohort study of all general medical ward patients hospitalized at a single tertiary urban VA Medical Center from October 2018–May 2021 who received phenobarbital for treatment of AWS. Primary outcomes were SAEs attributed to phenobarbital and treatment failure. SAEs were defined as ICU transfer or intubation for over-sedation, pneumonia, and death. Treatment failure was defined as progression of withdrawal resulting in seizure, ICU transfer, behavioral emergencies, or death.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>During the study period, phenobarbital was administered in 29% (244) of all AWS hospitalizations. Among them, 93% had a history of AWS hospitalization and 68% had a history of complicated AWS. Fifty-three percent of patients met criteria for moderate, severe, or complicated withdrawal prior to phenobarbital initiation. The mean cumulative dose of phenobarbital per patient was 966.5 mg (13.6 mg/kg). SAEs occurred in 1 of 244 hospitalizations (0.4%): there were no intubations, ICU transfers for oversedation, or deaths due to phenobarbital or AWS. One case of pneumonia was possibly attributable to phenobarbital. Treatment failures (6 ICU transfers, 9 behavioral emergencies) were identified during 12 of 244 hospitalizations (4.9%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>SAEs and treatment failures were infrequent among 148 patients treated with phenobarbital across 244 hospitalizations with a mean cumulative dose of 966.5 mg per patient. Our findings suggest that phenobarbital is a safe alternative treatment of AWS in general medical ward patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"116 ","pages":"Pages 29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138049008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of elevated blood alcohol concentrations in elderly patients following a ground level fall: A matched analysis from the national trauma quality program","authors":"Nasim Ahmed ,&nbsp;Yen-Hong Kuo","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The rising elderly population and the concomitant increase in alcohol consumption can result in a ground level fall (GLF). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay, and discharge disposition of elderly patients who sustained a ground level fall (GLF) and tested positive for an elevated blood alcohol concentration (BAC).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The data of patients who were 65 years and older, had an injury after a GLF, and tested for BAC were accessed from the American College of Surgeon – Trauma Quality Improvement Program (ACS-TQIP) from the calendar years of 2011–2016. Patients’ demography, injury, comorbidities, and outcomes were compared between the groups who tested positive (&gt;0.08 g/dL) and negative (0 mg/dL) for BAC. Univariate, followed by matched analyses were performed. All <em>p</em> values are two-sided, and a <em>p</em> value &lt; 0.05 is considered statistically significant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 20,163 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria, 2398 patients (∼12%) tested positive for an elevated BAC. There were significant differences found between the two groups, BAC-positive vs. BAC-negative, in univariate analysis for age and sex with <em>p</em> values &lt; 0.001. Propensity score matching balanced demographic characteristics; however, differences remained in certain comorbidities. Exact matching balanced patient demography, injury, and comorbidities. The paired-matched analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups for in-hospital mortality (2.1% vs. 2.1%, <em>p</em> = 1) and median hospital length of stay (5[4–5] vs. 5[5–5], <em>p</em> = 0.307). A higher proportion of patients in the BAC group suffered from alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) complications (9.5% vs. 1.4%, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001 and 1.5% vs. 0.5%, <em>p</em> = 0.018) compared to BAC-negative patients. A slightly higher percentage of patients in the BAC-positive group were discharged home without any additional services (39.6% vs. 36.9%, <em>p</em> = 0.009).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Of the elderly patients who sustained a GLF and tested for BAC, approximately 12% tested positive for BAC. The overall in-hospital mortality was 2.1%. The BAC-positive group suffered from higher complications of AWS and DVT, and more than 60% of patients required additional services at the time of discharge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"119 ","pages":"Pages 83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A longitudinal test of problematic alcohol use and binge eating among college women: The moderating role of shame","authors":"Heather A. Davis ,&nbsp;Anna Gabrielle G. Patarinski ,&nbsp;Samantha L. Hahn ,&nbsp;Denise Kesselring-Dacey ,&nbsp;Gregory T. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Problematic alcohol use and binge eating frequently co-occur. High levels of negative affect, negative urgency, and/or shame may increase the likelihood that problematic alcohol use and binge eating co-occur over time.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Examine 1) the temporal relationship between problematic alcohol use and binge eating among college women, who are at high risk for both, and 2) the additive and moderating effects of shared, emotion-based risk factors in models involving both problematic alcohol use and binge eating.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>In n = 302 college women assessed at two time points across 8 months, we used hierarchical linear regression to invstigate our objectives.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Baseline problematic alcohol use and baseline shame independently predicted increases in follow-up binge eating, controlling for baseline binge eating. In addition, the interaction between problematic alcohol use and shame accounted for further variance in subsequent binge eating (the influence of baseline problematic alcohol use on follow-up binge eating was stronger at higher levels of baseline shame). The reciprocal relationship was not significant: baseline binge eating did not predict follow-up problematic alcohol use independently or in conjunction with risk factors. Neither negative affect nor negative urgency showed predictive effects beyond prior behavior and shame. Results support 1) problematic alcohol use as a prospective risk factor for binge eating, 2) shame as an additive predictor of binge eating, and 3) shame as a positive moderator of binge eating prediction from problem drinking.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Addressing shame and problematic alcohol use may be warranted in binge eating interventions for college women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89721036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol and inflammation: Examining differences at the intersection of sexual identity and race/ethnicity","authors":"Ethan Morgan ,&nbsp;Allen Mallory ,&nbsp;Nathaniel Albright ,&nbsp;Christina Dyar","doi":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sexual minorities (SMs; e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other non-heterosexual individuals) are more likely to be current alcohol drinkers than their heterosexual peers while separately experiencing elevated inflammation. Yet, little research has assessed the association between alcohol use and inflammation among subgroups of SMs, let alone potential differences among people with multiple marginal identities (e.g., race/ethnicity and sexual identity).</p><p>Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2015–2016. Survey-weighted multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between alcohol use categories, heavy episodic drinking, and log-CRP (C-reactive protein). Models were stratified by sexual identity to determine whether associations between alcohol use and inflammation or between race/ethnicity and inflammation differed by sexual identity.</p><p>Among 3220 participants, 1000 (36.8%) reported light alcohol use, 870 (32.0%) reported moderate use, and 483 (17.8%) reported heavy use. Mean raw CRP was 4.1 mg/L (SD = 8.1). The association between race/ethnicity and CRP differed in stratified relative to non-stratified models with key differences in CRP among individuals with multiple marginalized identities. We also observed that while the “classic” J-shaped relationship between alcohol use and systemic inflammation persists among heterosexuals in this sample, it does not hold among subgroups of sexual minorities. In particular, bisexuals who report heavy alcohol use, compared to non-users, experience significantly elevated CRP. Finally, we did not observe any association between heavy episodic drinking and CRP among subgroups of sexual minorities.</p><p>Future studies assessing alcohol and biomarker data need to strive to include subgroups of sexual minorities and people with multiple marginal identities to better target behavioral and biomedical interventions aimed at reducing health disparities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7712,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89721037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}