African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development最新文献

{"title":"Agromorphological traits and bioactive compounds of four Mexican chili peppers (Capsicum annuum var. annuum L.)","authors":"SC Ruiz-Hernández, JC Carrillo-Rodríguez, AM Vera-Guzmán, JL Chávez-Servia, EN Aquino-Bolaños, JE Alba-Jiménez, MA Vásquez Davila","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.23260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.23260","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexico, diverse morphotypes of chili pepper with local recognition are distributed regionally contributing to the in-situ conservation of Capsicum diversity in the hands of farmers, as is the case of Huacle pepper in Oaxaca. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation among morphotypes of Huacle, Guajillo, Ancho and Pasilla chili peppers, based on agromorphological traits, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in fruits. The morphotypes were established in greenhouse conditions under a random block design, obtaining fruit at physiological maturity for laboratory analysis. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) were determined in the analysis of variance among and within morphotypes for all the agromorphological characters evaluated, except in plant height at 120 days after transplantating (dat) and specific weight. Different growth patterns were evaluated from 30 to 120 dat, but the final height was similar. Size, weight, shape, pericarp thickness, locules, number and total weight of fruits per plant were used to determine the variation among and within morphotypes. Morphotypes of Huacle (CH-4, CH-9 and CH-15) and Ancho (AN-R) presented the highest values of fruits, total weight and a low number of fruits per plant. Among morphotypes, significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) were observed for fruit composition, but not for antioxidant activity. Also, significant differences were seen in vitamin C, flavonoids content, and antioxidant activity. In fruit composition, Huacle and Guajillo peppers presented a higher vitamin C content (4.5 mg acetic acid g-1). Huacle pepper was also high in total polyphenols (31.5 mg GAE g-1). Ancho pepper showed a higher content of carotenoids (2.8 mg β -carotene g-1) and total flavonoids (3.3 mg QE g-1). Pasilla pepper showed low values in all the evaluated compounds. In conclusion, all morphotypes showed variation in fruit characters (weight, length, width, pericarp thickness, number of locules and fruit length/width ratio). In fruit composition, the variation was in vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols, but not in antioxidant activity. Key words: Morphotypes, Huacle pepper, Ancho pepper, Guajillo peppers, fruit composition, phenolic compounds, vitamin C, antioxidant activity","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and fabrication of a gripper propotype for a fruit harvesting machine","authors":"TT Tung, NX Quynh, TV Minh","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.22770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.22770","url":null,"abstract":"In Vietnam, post-harvest losses of fruits and vegetables are very high. According to analysis reports, Vietnam must invest more in harvesting and post-harvest technologies to enhance the global competitiveness of agricultural products, including fruits and vegetables. Fruit harvesting machines are an effective solution to enhance the quality of agricultural products, including fruits and vegetables. The gripper can be considered the most important component of a harvesting machine when it comes to horticulture products, since it acts as interface between the robotic system and product. To pick up fruits, which frequently have complex shapes and poor mechanical properties, a gripper must be designed carefully. In addition to being able to pick the produce, it is crucial that a gripper does not damage the fruit during harvest. The weak force may cause the gripper to be unable to pick the fruit. If excessive force is applied or improper picking technique is used, the grippers could damage fruits. However, Vietnam has not widely adopted the use of automatic machine in agriculture. This is due to the uniqueness of fruits in each region; for example, fruits in Vietnam have their own shape and mechanical properties. Therefore, it is occasionally inappropriate to utilize harvesters that have already been imported. This paper shows the development and fabrication of a gripper for common Vietnam fruit grasping. A new prototype has been fabricated by 3D printing method and tested in the laboratory. The prototype of a gripper has been subjected to simulation and experimental testing with real fruits to verify that the proposed model is capable of meeting all objectives’ requirements. The proposed gripper was straightforward and efficient. The developed device exhibited dependability and stability and is suitable for farmers who require independent harvesting. In addition, the designed gripper can be produced at a lower cost than comparable machines developed by other commercial products. Key words: Harvesting machine, gripper, Solidwork, prototype, 3D printing, low-cost production","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender disparity in cocoa production resource access and food security in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"OA Fasakin, OE Ajayi, OA Olajide","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.22350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.22350","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding gender disparities in production resource allocation is critical for agricultural development and cannot be overstated. The study evaluated farmers’ access to cocoa production resources and its implication for food security in Ogun State, Nigeria. The data were collected from 813 respondents with the use of structured questionnaire which involved 420 male and 393 female farmers. Frequencies, percentages, household dietary diversity score (HDDS) and logit regression were used to analyse the data while the hypotheses were tested with t-test. The t-tests showed significant differences in access to labour, credit and extension service but no difference in access to land as farmers have land either through purchase or inheritance. The mean score for access to credit by male farmers was 0.05 and 0.01 by female farmers with a mean difference of 0.04 which was significant at 0.01 level of significance (t = 4.69, p ≤ 0.01). The mean score for access to labour by male farmers was 0.398 and 0.099 by female farmers with a mean difference of 0.298 which was significant at 0.01 level of significance. Lastly, mean score for access to extension service by male farmers was 0.145 and 0.048 by female farmers with a mean difference of 0.096 which was significant at 0.01 level of significance (t = 4.69, p ≤ 0.01). Male dominance was seen in the household with regard to decisions on farm activities. The household diversity score showed that female farmers consumed more food groups making them more food secure than their male counterparts. Age, education, access to labour, farm size and monthly income were found to be significant drivers of food security of farmers in study area. It was recommended that policies that ensure equal opportunities for male and female farmers should be put in place. There is also a need for improvements on credit facilities and extension services. Key words: Cocoa resource access, Farmers dietary diversity, food insecurity, Gender disparity","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of cattle weight gain under the influence of meteorological and nutritional variables by applying a multiple linear regression model in Sabanalarga, Colombia","authors":"JV Rueda-Galofre, YA Mora-García, J Adie-Villafañe","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.23800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.23800","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation arose from the current problem in the entire territory of the Department of Atlántico in the Republic of Colombia, in which the livestock sector currently lacks a reliable modernization that contributes to the planning and profitability of meat production, translated into weight gain. The main focus of the study gravitated around the ignorance of the real effect exerted by meteorological and nutritional factors on the weight gain of cattle. As a possible solution, it was proposed to carry out a statistical analysis by means of a multiple linear regression model where cattle weight gain was the dependent variable to study under the influence of the following independent variables: accumulated precipitation for two weeks (mm), average daily precipitation for two weeks (mm), average daily forage height consumed for two weeks (cm), percentage daily average of forage consumed during two weeks (%), average protein percentage of forage consumed during two weeks (%), the average maximum temperature recorded during two weeks (°C), the average minimum temperature recorded during two weeks (°C), average daily temperature variation recorded for two weeks (°C) and average relative humidity recorded for two weeks (%). All independent data values were collected in the field. Once the analysis was carried out, it was concluded that there was statistical evidence to affirm that only the independent variables \"accumulated precipitation\", \"average precipitation\", \"average minimum temperature\" and \"relative humidity\" significantly influenced the changes observed in profit of cattle weight, being formulated a multiple linear regression model that contained only the mentioned variables, the rest were discarded. On the other hand, for the constructed linear regression model, the coefficient of determination R2 = 89.3691% was obtained, that is, for the significance level α = 0.05 (95% confidence level), this determined that the model of Multiple linear regression (A) explained the behavior of the average monthly cattle weight gain by 89.3691%. It was concluded, therefore, that the present work gives veracity to the determination of previous investigations where it is also concluded that the meteorological variables directly affect the changes associated with the weight of cattle for meat production. Key words: cattle, linear regression, livestock, meteorological, nutritional, statistics, variables, weight gain","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Vitamin A supplementation protocol in primary health care settings: A case study of Mookgophong sub-district in South Africa","authors":"XG Mbhenyane, DV Mamaregane, AB Tambe","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.21540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.21540","url":null,"abstract":"The Integrated Nutrition Programme in South Africa provides Vitamin A supplementation to targeted children. It began in 1994 when marginal vitamin A deficiency was 33 %. Since that time, malnutrition remains a serious problem in South Africa as one of the greatest contributors to childhood illness and death. It is estimated that about 27% of South African children are stunted from a lack of adequate nutrition in the early years of their lives. A poor intake of vitamin A is one of the cofactors in sight and contribute to blindness amongst children. In addition, it is required for cellular integrity. Furthermore, children with poor intake of vitamin A are underweight, fail to grow properly and are more likely to get infections and to die from them. The main purpose of this study was to assess the implementation process of the vitamin A supplementation protocol in primary health care institutions in the Mookgophong sub-district of Limpopo Province. The study design was descriptive and qualitative. All seven facilities, the clinics and the district hospital in the sub-district were purposefully selected. Data were collected from the seven health care facilities and 16 health care workers provided information on the implementation process of the Vitamin A programme, using a self-administered structured questionnaire. An observation questionnaire was also used by the researcher to validate some of the information and to check compliance with the protocol. The findings revealed poor availability of blue (100 000 IU), white (500 000 IU) and yellow (200 000 IU) capsules in stock (56.3%). Approximately half of the health care workers reported to know the preventative schedule, while most of them did not know the treatment schedule. There was generally good adherence to the implementation of preventative protocol. The health care workers complied with the Vitamin A protocol despite the lack of stock or resources in this low resource setting. Key words: Vitamin A supplementation protocol, health care workers, South Africa","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect-based protein feed for guinea fowl: Growth and egg laying performance under different feed regimes","authors":"BA Kere, S Pousga, S Somé, AJ Nianogo, AK Anderson, WS Kisaalita","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.23080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.23080","url":null,"abstract":"Expansion of guinea fowl flock has been a challenge and one of the reasons is the low feed availability, especially in the dry season. The objective of this study was to contribute to the improvement of the nutritional situation of local guinea fowl with house fly larvae as a protein source. A total of 144 guinea fowls (Numida meleagris) of approximately 16 weeks old were grouped in batches of 12 and randomly distributed to four feeding treatments with three replications per treatment. Pre-egg laying and egg laying feed rations were formulated with different levels of sun-dried fly larvae and standard pre-egg laying and egg laying ration containing fishmeal as controls. The pre-egg-laying rations were served for 11 days, while the egg-laying rations were served for 58 days. The chemical composition of the formulated rations, individual Daily Feed Intake (DFI), Average Daily Gain (ADG), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), and number of eggs and eggs characteristics (weight, large diameter and shape index) were recorded for each treatment. The dried larvae-based feed showed the highest crude protein content compared to the control feed that was fishmeal-based. In addition, the results showed a relationship between the incorporated quantities of dried fly larvae and the resulting guinea fowl performances. For example, the highest DFI (63.35 g/bird; p≤0.05) and FCR (11.94; p≤0.05) were obtained in the group fed the pre-egg laying and egg-laying rations containing 25 % and 13 % fly larvae, respectively. However, the group fed the ration containing 16.67 % and 12.94 % of fly larvae in the pre-egg laying and egg laying phases, respectively, showed a DFI of 57.05 g/bird and an FCR of 9.09. These were similar to the values obtained for the control group (57.19 g/bird/day and 11.94, respectively), with a better ADG (2.91 g against 1.71 g). Egg laying performance (number of eggs) and egg characteristics (large diameter) were significantly improved (p <0.05) in favor of treatments including dried fly larvae with values proportional to incorporation quantities. Findings from the current study suggest that the incorporation of fly larvae in pre-egg-laying and egg-laying feeds significantly increased the performance of guinea fowls. Key words: insect protein, feed formulation, circularity, Burkina Faso, food security","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of dietary patterns and dietary diversity to the nutritional status of children under five years in Nelson Mandela Bay Metro, South Africa","authors":"P Clarke, MK Zuma, A Tambe, L Steenkamp, XG Mbhenyane","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.21885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.21885","url":null,"abstract":"Food insecurity and malnutrition is a major problem in the sub-Saharan African region. The study aimed to determine the contribution of dietary patterns and dietary diversity on child nutritional status of children aged 0 to 60 months. A cross-sectional design was applied using a quantitative approach. A convenience sample (n=184) of children aged 0 to 60 months were included from the Dora Nginza Hospital (situated in Port Elizabeth in South Africa) and data was collected between May and July 2018. Primary caregivers provided informed consent for themselves and their children for participation. The researcher and trained assistants collected data using structured questionnaires which aimed at gathering information on socio-economic factors, health status, dietary patterns, and diversity. Child anthropometric measurements were performed on children following the World Health Organisation (WHO) standardised methods. Slightly more males (52.7%, n = 97) than females were included. The mean age of the children included was 20.21 months (SD = 17.1). Most were of African ethnicity (58.7%, n = 108). A total of 25.6% (n = 47) of the children were stunted, 19.8% (n = 25) were underweight for their age, 6.7% (n = 7) were classified as either moderate acute malnourished (3.9%) or (n =7) or severely acute malnourished (2.8%, n = 5), and 7.2% (n = 13) were overweight or obese. There was low or inadequate consumption of meat, dairy products, fruit and vegetables and the most consumed foods were soft porridge, margarine, potatoes, white bread and chips. About 91% of the children met the minimum dietary diversity score (&gt;4 dietary diversity). The child’s dietary diversity score had a significantly positive relationship with weight for height, weight for age and mid-upper arm circumference, showing improved nutritional status when a more varied diet is eaten. Therefore, these findings confirm the importance of dietary diversity and dietary patterns to nutritional status of children under 60 months of age. Key words: anthropometry, underweight, overweight, malnutrition, caregivers, nutritional status, consumption, stunting, cross-sectional","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding patterns and dietary diversity practices of caregivers with children (0 to 24 months) admitted with acute malnutrition in hospitals in Mpumalanga province, South Africa","authors":"TPN Mhlanga, M Manafe, LJ Ncube","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.22735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.22735","url":null,"abstract":"Malnutrition is a global public health problem more prominent among infants under five years of age, and South Africa is no exception. Caregivers’ poor infant feeding practices, including lower exclusive breastfeeding rates, dietary diversity, and meal frequency, are the main causes of malnutrition during the first two years of life. Improving mother practices on infant and young children is crucial for growth and development and prevention of malnutrition. This study aimed to assess feeding patterns and dietary diversity practices of caregivers with children admitted with malnutrition in hospitals in Bushbuckridge Sub-District, Mpumalanga Province. A quantitative study design was applied. Data were collected among 151 caregiver-child pairs using an interviewer-administered questionnaire adapted from the Food Agriculture Organization publication guidelines for assessing nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes and practices using closed-ended multiple choice questions. Descriptive and ANOVA statistics were analysed using STATA 13 statistical software. The results showed that the majority, 90.0% (n=66) of infants < 6 months, were not exclusively breastfed. Most, 34.6% (n= 27) of the children aged 6-24 months had a lower dietary diversity score (DDS) (<5) and 65.0% (n=51) consumed less than the recommended meals for age (4 times a day). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the effect of continuing breastfeeding was significant for gender [F (1, 71) = 3.90, p=.05] and the diagnosis of the child [F (1, 71) = 8.19, p = .00]. The effect of minimum feeding frequency was significant for residence areas (F (3,74) = 5.23, p =.00) and caregiver education levels [F (3, 74) =3.71, p = .01]. The findings indicated that the majority (90.0%) of mothers did not practise exclusive breastfeeding, the diet lacked diversity, and the children consumed meals less than 4 times a day as recommended for age. Therefore, there is need for targeted infant feeding nutrition interventions, such as nutrition education and promotion of breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices, which will subsequently lead to an improvement of the nutritional status of infants. Key words: exclusive breastfeeding, dietary diversity, meal frequency, acute malnutrition, complementary feeding","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field experience from designing and implementing a cold-chain system for the 2021 Nigeria national food consumption and micronutrient survey","authors":"M Lung’aho, TI Oginni, H Brown, SD Gumel, GO Ikwulono, AY Koki, F Ogah, E Agbo, B Maziya-Dixon","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.23295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.23295","url":null,"abstract":"Improving nutrition is a key component of efforts to promote sustainable development and improve health and well-being. However, it is impossible to effectively improve nutrition in a population without monitoring the nutrition status of vulnerable groups. Monitoring approaches such as micronutrient surveys are critical to allow stakeholders determine the prevalence of malnutrition and identify micronutrient deficiencies of public health importance and at-risk groups. In this regard, the 2021 Nigeria National Food Consumption and Micronutrient Survey (NFCMS 2021) collected biological samples from children aged 6-59 months, adolescent girls, as well as pregnant and non-pregnant women of reproductive age. The micronutrients of interest were retinol, thiamine, riboflavin, cobalamin, folate, iodine, iron, and zinc. Quantitative 24-hour dietary recall data were also collected from children aged 6-59 months, pregnant and non-pregnant women of reproductive age. To achieve its goal, the NFCMS 2021 had to overcome some hurdles. Therefore, the current study details the challenges of developing a cold-chain system for the survey and novel strategies employed to address them. The main challenges encountered included collecting, transporting, processing, storing, and analyzing over 51,143 samples from enumeration areas with unreliable electricity, difficult terrain, and far from functional health facilities. The survey successfully designed and implemented a cold-chain system across 364 enumeration areas in all 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory. This can be attributed to several factors. First, the team reviewed and documented the survey's cold-chain requirements. Second, stakeholder engagement with the federal and state governments allowed the use of Ministry of Health cold stores. This was followed by proximity mapping of survey enumeration areas to all existing cold stores, a visit to verify their suitability, and the selection of the best cold stores for the survey. The survey also procured the right equipments, and trained teams on cold-chain logistics, best practices, troubleshooting, and communication. An innovation of the survey was the use of checklists for decision-making and real-time temperature data loggers and dashboards for monitoring the cold-chain. Using detailed contingency plans for cold-chain logistics and leveraging cost-effective technologies can improve cold-chain transparency, efficiency, and integrity in resource-constrained settings, as was the case of the NFCMS 2021. The survey identified an unmet demand for a detailed manual with updated guidance on designing a cold-chain system for a nutrition survey. Key words: Cold-chain system, micronutrient survey, resource-constrained settings, Nigeria, Africa, NFCMS 2021","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upland rice: A new high potential non-traditional cash crop for Africa","authors":"CM Geja, M Maphosa","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.124.23140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.124.23140","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is the main staple food for almost half of the world’s population and leading cereal in terms of production area and consumption. Rapid urbanization and changes in consumer preferences have led to a concomitant increase in consumption which so far exceeds any other crop in Africa. Therefore, upland rice cropping has become a common sight in Africa as farmers engage in diversification and respond to demand for the crop. Interspecific hybridization of African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) and Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) produced upland rice NERICA varieties that combine adaptability, tolerance to stresses and high production potential. Traditional African rice varieties though adapted to the continent are prone to lodging, shattering and comparatively low yielding which adversely affects production and consequently their adoption. Some of the poorest farmers are found in Africa where there is dependence on biomass cooking fuel and upland rice has greater significance. There is, therefore, need to re-evaluate the role played by the crop, identify gaps and proffer solutions that will make it productive and widely cultivated. Accordingly, this review intends to examine upland rice production patterns and strides which can be made to sustainably increase its productivity so that there is food and nutrition security. Some of the pertinent issues that need to be considered include prioritization of farmer preferences in quality and agronomic attributes to enhance adoption. Upland rice breeding programs can go beyond traditional breeding for stresses and yield but focus on genetic biofortification to use the crop as a conduit for vital nutrients. Ultimately, for sustainable rice productivity, there is need to have affordable infrastructure to lessen labor requirement particularly during production and post-harvest processing. Moreover, there is need to build institutional capacity to conduct more research and offer extension services to support production of the crop. A wider product portfolio for the crop will subsequently have a multiplier effect and enhance adoption of rice production by many farmers in Africa. The ultimate aim is to spread awareness of upland rice as an alternative cash crop that can be produced in suitable agroecologies in Africa. Key words: Crop diversification, NERICA, Oryza glaberrima, Oryza sativa, Upland rice","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}