U H Patel, J T Jones, C F Babbs, J D Bourland, G P Graber
{"title":"The evaluation of five specialized support surfaces by use of a pressure-sensitive mat.","authors":"U H Patel, J T Jones, C F Babbs, J D Bourland, G P Graber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study used two full-size pressure-sensitive mats to evaluate five patient support surfaces. The mats, containing 1,536 and 2,340 pressure measurement sites, respectively, made it possible to quantify the entire interface pressure distribution of each support surface. Measurements for groups of 64 and 32 subjects were obtained in supine positions of 0 degree, 30 degrees, at maximal head elevations (50 degrees-60 degrees), and at lateral recumbency. Several statistical descriptors were calculated to characterize the interface pressure distributions. The support surfaces tested included: a powered-air overlay (ACUCAIR Continuous-Air-flow System), a low-airloss bed (FLEXICAIR MC3 Low-Airloss Therapy), a continuous lateral-rotation low-airloss bed (RESTCUE Dynamic Air Therapy), an air-fluidized bed (CLINITRON II Air-Fluidized Therapy), and an integrated bed (prototype Advance 2000 Bed). An analysis of variance revealed that the interface pressure was significantly lower and weight-bearing area was significantly higher on the five surfaces, when compared to the standard hospital mattress.</p>","PeriodicalId":77095,"journal":{"name":"Decubitus","volume":"6 3","pages":"28-31, 34, 36-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19333692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the validity of data-gathering instruments.","authors":"C A Mottola","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The validity of an instrument is another important issue for the clinician to consider when selecting a tool for use in data collection. Broadly defined, validity refers to the extent to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to be measuring. Although validity is a unitary concept, this article explores three common categories of validity: content, criterion-related, and construct validity.</p>","PeriodicalId":77095,"journal":{"name":"Decubitus","volume":"6 3","pages":"52-4, 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19333696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kudos to Dr. Deloach for article on osteomyelitis.","authors":"W J Woods","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77095,"journal":{"name":"Decubitus","volume":"6 3","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19333697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A critique of the AHCPR's \"Preventing pressure ulcers--a patient's guide\" as a written instructional tool.","authors":"E A Ayello","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preventing Pressure Ulcers--A patient's guide was released by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) in May 1992. Using criteria suggested by Falvo (1985), Redman (1988), Ruzicki (1989), and others, the guide was critiqued to determine how it compared to existing criteria for evaluating written tools. The AHCPR guidelines does not meet all the criteria; suggestions for improvement are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":77095,"journal":{"name":"Decubitus","volume":"6 3","pages":"44-6, 48-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19333695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using pressure measurements to evaluate different technologies.","authors":"P M Burman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite ongoing efforts to improve the prediction, prevention, and treatment of pressure ulcers, clinicians continue to face an overwhelming array of confusing, and sometimes conflicting, information about the technologies used to lower pressure. The purpose of this article is to explain the fundamental differences among units of pressure measurement and those pressures (capillary closing, tissue interface, internal cushion, and hydrostatic) that are commonly described in research as well as sales literature. A clearer understanding of these parameters will help clinicians make informed evaluations of distinct technologies, set realistic expectations for different products, and achieve desired outcomes cost-effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":77095,"journal":{"name":"Decubitus","volume":"6 3","pages":"38-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19333693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What do nursing students learn about pressure ulcers? A survey of content on pressure ulcers in nursing school textbooks.","authors":"T S Vogelpohl, J Dougherty","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is assumed that during their basic preparation, nurses are provided with the knowledge and skills to predict and prevent pressure ulcers. A review of five fundamentals of nursing and five medical-surgical nursing textbooks revealed that a nursing student may be exposed to as few as 200 lines of text and 10 tables, charts, or illustrations related to pressure ulcers during a program of studies. The information contained in the textbooks tended to be dispersed over three to seven chapters, incomplete, and sometimes inaccurate.</p>","PeriodicalId":77095,"journal":{"name":"Decubitus","volume":"6 2","pages":"48-50, 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19304391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vivo (CT scan) comparison of vertical shear in human tissue caused by various support surfaces.","authors":"L M Conner, J W Clack","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shear stress and shear strain of human tissue were calculated in vivo using measurements derived from pelvic CT scans of three subjects lying upon three depths of foam mattress overlays and an air mattress overlay commonly used in the prevention of pressure ulcers. The air mattress overlay plus three-inch foam had the lowest degree of tissue shear when compared with the foam overlays both quantitatively and qualitatively. In addition, it was found that the contouring air mattress overlay plus three-inch foam provided the greatest area of contact between surface support and subject when compared to the foam overlays, resulting in a greater distribution of applied load and ultimately decreasing tissue shear.</p>","PeriodicalId":77095,"journal":{"name":"Decubitus","volume":"6 2","pages":"20-3, 26-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19304387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}