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American journal of mental retardation : AJMR最新文献

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Augmentative and alternative communication. 辅助和替代沟通。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/e527882004-001
L. Lloyd
{"title":"Augmentative and alternative communication.","authors":"L. Lloyd","doi":"10.1037/e527882004-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e527882004-001","url":null,"abstract":"Section 1: Introduction 1.1 Background and Purpose of Project 1.2 Previous Work Done by Others 1.2.1 Products 1.2.2 Patent Search Results 1.3 Map for the rest of the report Section 2: Project Design 2.1 Design Alternatives 2.1.1 Design 1 2.1.2 Design 2 2.1.3 Design 3 2.2 Optimal Design 2.2.1 Objective 2.2.2 Subunits Section 3: Realistic Constraints Section 4: Safety Issues Section 5: Impact of Engineering Solutions Section 6: Life-Long Learning","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76748601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 276
Autism profiles of males with fragile X syndrome. 患有脆性X染色体综合征的男性的自闭症概况。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113:427-438
Susan W. Harris, D. Hessl, B. Goodlin‐Jones, J. Ferranti, S. Bacalman, I. Barbato, F. Tassone, P. Hagerman, H. Herman, R. Hagerman
{"title":"Autism profiles of males with fragile X syndrome.","authors":"Susan W. Harris, D. Hessl, B. Goodlin‐Jones, J. Ferranti, S. Bacalman, I. Barbato, F. Tassone, P. Hagerman, H. Herman, R. Hagerman","doi":"10.1352/2008.113:427-438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113:427-438","url":null,"abstract":"Autism, which is common in individuals with fragile X syndrome, is often difficult to diagnose. We compared the diagnostic classifications of two measures for autism diagnosis, the ADOS and the ADI-R, in addition to the DSM-IV-TR in 63 males with this syndrome. Overall, 30% of the subjects met criteria for autistic disorder and 30% met criteria for PDD-NOS. The classifications on the ADOS and DSM-IV-TR were most similar, whereas the ADI-R classified subjects as autistic much more frequently. We further investigated the relationship of both FMRP and FMRI mRNA to symptoms of autism in this cohort and found no significant relationship between the measures of autism and molecular features, including FMRP, FMRI mRNA, and CGG repeat number.","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"39 1","pages":"427-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77545439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 378
Memory skills of boys with fragile X syndrome. 脆性X染色体综合症男孩的记忆能力。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113:453-465
P. Ornstein, Jennifer M. Schaaf, S. Hooper, D. Hatton, P. Mirrett, D. Bailey
{"title":"Memory skills of boys with fragile X syndrome.","authors":"P. Ornstein, Jennifer M. Schaaf, S. Hooper, D. Hatton, P. Mirrett, D. Bailey","doi":"10.1352/2008.113:453-465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113:453-465","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple aspects of memory were examined in 42 boys with fragile X syndrome and a comparison group of 42 typically developing boys matched on MA. Working memory, incidental memory, and deliberate memory were assessed with a battery that included both free-recall and recognition tasks. Findings indicated that boys with fragile X syndrome performed more poorly than their matches on most measures. The exception was free recall, in which their accuracy was equal to that of the control participants. Results from analyses of a subset of boys with fragile X syndrome who exhibit characteristics of autism and their MA matches, though preliminary, support the conclusion that memory deficits are especially marked in boys who have fragile X syndrome and evidence autistic behaviors.","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"1 1","pages":"453-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90900166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 52
Evidence for latent classes of IQ in young children with autism spectrum disorder. 自闭症谱系障碍儿童潜在智商等级的证据。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113:439-452
J. Munson, G. Dawson, Lindsey Sterling, Theodore P. Beauchaine, Andrew Zhou, Koehler Elizabeth, C. Lord, S. Rogers, M. Sigman, A. Estes, R. Abbott
{"title":"Evidence for latent classes of IQ in young children with autism spectrum disorder.","authors":"J. Munson, G. Dawson, Lindsey Sterling, Theodore P. Beauchaine, Andrew Zhou, Koehler Elizabeth, C. Lord, S. Rogers, M. Sigman, A. Estes, R. Abbott","doi":"10.1352/2008.113:439-452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113:439-452","url":null,"abstract":"Autism is currently viewed as a spectrum condition that includes strikingly different severity levels; IQ is consistently described as one of the primary aspects of the heterogeneity in autism. To investigate the possibility of more than one distinct subtype of autism based on IQ both latent class analysis and taxometrics methods were used to classify Mullen IQs in a sample of 456 children with autism spectrum disorder. We found evidence for multiple IQbased subgroups using both methods. Groups differed in level of intellectual functioning and patterns of verbal versus nonverbal ability. Results support the notion of distinct subtypes of autism that differ in severity of intellectual ability, patterns of cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and severity of autism symptoms.","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"167 1","pages":"439-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73929998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 189
Peer interactions and academic engagement of youth with developmental disabilities in inclusive middle and high school classrooms. 发展性残疾青年在包容性初中和高中课堂中的同伴互动和学业参与。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113:479-494
E. Carter, Lynn G. Sisco, L. Brown, Dana Brickham, Zainab A Al-Khabbaz
{"title":"Peer interactions and academic engagement of youth with developmental disabilities in inclusive middle and high school classrooms.","authors":"E. Carter, Lynn G. Sisco, L. Brown, Dana Brickham, Zainab A Al-Khabbaz","doi":"10.1352/2008.113:479-494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113:479-494","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the peer interactions and academic engagement of 23 middle and high school students with developmental disabilities within inclusive academic and elective classrooms. The extent to which students with and without disabilities interacted socially was highly variable and influenced by instructional format, the proximity of general and special educators, and curricular area. Peer interactions occurred more often within small group instructional formats, when students were not receiving direct support from a paraprofessional or special educator, and in elective courses. Academic engagement also varied, with higher levels evidenced during one-to-one or small group instruction and when in proximity of general or special educators. Implications for designing effective support strategies for students with autism and/or intellectual disability within general education classrooms are discussed.","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"64 1","pages":"479-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81132995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 144
Gatekeepers of science: attitudes toward the research participation of adults with intellectual disability. 科学的守门人:对智障成年人参与研究的态度。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113:466-478
K. McDonald, C. Keys, D. Henry
{"title":"Gatekeepers of science: attitudes toward the research participation of adults with intellectual disability.","authors":"K. McDonald, C. Keys, D. Henry","doi":"10.1352/2008.113:466-478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113:466-478","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers and Institutional Review Board (IRB) members' attitudes influence scientific knowledge about individuals with intellectual disability. We recruited 260 intellectual disability researchers and IRB members to develop a measure of attitudes toward the research participation of adults with intellectual disability, the Participation in Research Attitude Scale. Findings suggest three conceptual domains: Opportunity and Choice, Help in Decision Making, and Beneficence. We also examined individual differences in attitudes and the relationships between general and specific attitudes. In general, intellectual disability researchers and those with closer relationships to individuals with disabilities had attitudes consistent with disability-rights principles. Some dimensions of global attitudes toward adults with intellectual disability predictedmore specific attitudes toward their research participation. Implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"90 1","pages":"466-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76666010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 45
Choice-making among Medicaid HCBS and ICF/MR recipients in six states. 六个州医疗补助HCBS和ICF/MR受助人的选择。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113.325-342
K Charlie Lakin, Robert Doljanac, Soo-Yong Byun, Roger Stancliffe, Sarah Taub, Giuseppina Chiri
{"title":"Choice-making among Medicaid HCBS and ICF/MR recipients in six states.","authors":"K Charlie Lakin,&nbsp;Robert Doljanac,&nbsp;Soo-Yong Byun,&nbsp;Roger Stancliffe,&nbsp;Sarah Taub,&nbsp;Giuseppina Chiri","doi":"10.1352/2008.113.325-342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113.325-342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Choice in everyday decisions and in support-related decisions was addressed among 2,398 adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities receiving Medicaid Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) and Intermediate Care Facility (ICF/MR) services and living in non family settings in six states. Everyday choice in daily life and in support-related choice was considerably higher on average for HCBS than for ICF/MR recipients, but after controlling for level of intellectual disability, medical care needs, mobility, behavioral and psychiatric conditions, and self-reporting, we found that choice was more strongly associated with living in a congregate setting than whether that setting was HCBS- or ICF/MR-financed. Marked differences in choice were also evident between states.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"113 5","pages":"325-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/2008.113.325-342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27596541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 32
Selective attention deficits associated with mild cognitive impairment and early stage Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome. 唐氏综合征成人轻度认知障碍和早期阿尔茨海默病相关的选择性注意缺陷
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113:369-386
Sharon J Krinsky-McHale, Darlynne A Devenny, Phyllis Kittler, Wayne Silverman
{"title":"Selective attention deficits associated with mild cognitive impairment and early stage Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome.","authors":"Sharon J Krinsky-McHale,&nbsp;Darlynne A Devenny,&nbsp;Phyllis Kittler,&nbsp;Wayne Silverman","doi":"10.1352/2008.113:369-386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113:369-386","url":null,"abstract":"Adults with Down syndrome and early stage Alzheimer's disease showed decline in their ability to selectively attend to stimuli in a multitrial cancellation task. They also showed variability in their performance over the test trials, whereas healthy participants showed stability. These changes in performance were observed approximately 2 years prior to a physician's diagnosis of possible Alzheimer's disease, which was made when they were exhibiting declines in episodic memory suggestive of mild cognitive impairment. Performance on this task varied with the evolution of dementia, showed modestly good sensitivity and specificity, and was relatively easy to administer. Given these qualities this task could be a valuable addition to a neuropsychological battery intended for the assessment of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome.","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"113 5","pages":"369-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/2008.113:369-386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27596544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 57
Parent training for young children with developmental disabilities: randomized controlled trial. 幼儿发育障碍家长培训:随机对照试验。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113:356-368
Laura Lee McIntyre
{"title":"Parent training for young children with developmental disabilities: randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Laura Lee McIntyre","doi":"10.1352/2008.113:356-368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113:356-368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A randomized controlled trial was used to evaluate a parent training intervention for caregivers with preschool-age children with developmental disabilities. The 21 families in the experimental group received usual care plus the 12-week Incredible Years Parent Training Program with developmental delay modifications. Families in the control group (n = 23) received usual care, including early childhood education and related services. Results suggest that this parent training intervention was superior to usual care for young children with developmental delays or disabilities in reducing negative parent-child interactions and child behavior problems. Participants in the experimental group indicated high satisfaction with treatment. Additional research is necessary to document maintenance and generalization of treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"113 5","pages":"356-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/2008.113:356-368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27596543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 191
Symptoms and behavior problems of adolescents and adults with autism: effects of mother-child relationship quality, warmth, and praise. 青少年和成人自闭症的症状和行为问题:母子关系质量、温暖和赞美的影响。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2008-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/2008.113:387-402
Leann E Smith, Jan S Greenberg, Marsha Mailick Seltzer, Jinkuk Hong
{"title":"Symptoms and behavior problems of adolescents and adults with autism: effects of mother-child relationship quality, warmth, and praise.","authors":"Leann E Smith,&nbsp;Jan S Greenberg,&nbsp;Marsha Mailick Seltzer,&nbsp;Jinkuk Hong","doi":"10.1352/2008.113:387-402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/2008.113:387-402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using a cross-lagged panel design, we investigated the impact of positive family processes on change in autism symptoms and behaviors. A sample of 149 co-residing mothers and their adolescent or adult child with autism was drawn from a large, longitudinal study. Maternal warmth and praise were measured using coded speech samples in which mothers talked about their son or daughter. A high level of relationship quality was associated with subsequent reductions in internalizing and externalizing problems as well as reductions in impairments in social reciprocity and repetitive behaviors. Maternal warmth and praise were also related to symptom abatement in the repetitive behaviors domain.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"113 5","pages":"387-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/2008.113:387-402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27596420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 126
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