Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes最新文献

{"title":"[The growth of thermophilic fungi strains Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor lusitanicus in n-alkane medium (author's transl)].","authors":"A Voigt,&nbsp;W Bemmann,&nbsp;R Tröger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growth parameters of the thermophilic hydrocarbon utilizing strains Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor lusitanicus in n-alkanes (KW)- and glucose (GIc)-medium in standing and fermenter cultures were investigated. The temperature limits for growth were dependent on the medium composition. The temperature range for sporulation was smaller than for the hyphal growth. Both strains were cultivated on carbon limitation with subsequent determinations of n-alkanes glucose, ammoniumsulfate-nitrogen, phosphate-phosphorus and the trace elements Mn, Cu, Zn and Fe. A method for estimation of hydrocarbon utilization was developed. In a medium containing a mixture of n-alkanes and glucose as C-sources the strains utilized at first glucose. Both the strains excreted monocarbon acids with a low carbon number into the culture liquid. The results were discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 7","pages":"590-602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18081860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial food-poisoning versus coliforms-faecal streptococci and gamma radiation survival/dose","authors":"Fayek A. Saleh ,&nbsp;M.M. El-Abagy ,&nbsp;S. El-Hawaary","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80010-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80010-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>All the species tested were sensitive to gamma radiation treatment, even at a dose as low as 0.001 Mrad. The spore-former <em>Bacillus cereus</em> (PCJ 213) proved to be more resistant than the rest of the tested species, while the Gram-negative organisms were more susceptible to irradiation treatment. The tolerance among those organisms is depicted by the descending order: <em>Proteus vulgaris</em>, irregular VI, <em>Escherichia coli</em> I, <em>E. coli</em> III, and <em>Salmonella typhi-murium</em>. Yet all the tested faecal streptococci species, with the exception of <em>Streptococcus bovis</em>, may be regarded as holding an intermediate position between the more resistant <em>B. cereus</em> (PCJ 213) and the more sensitive Gram-negative organisms.</p></div><div><p>Alle geprüften Bakterienarten waren gegenüber Gammastrahlen empfindlich, selbst gegenüber einer so geringen Dosis wie 0,001 Mrad. Der Sporenbildner <em>Bacillus cereus</em> erwies sich als widerstandsfähiger als die anderen geprüften Spezies. Die Gram-negativen Organismen waren gegen Bestrahlung besonders empfindlich. Die Toleranz dieser Organismen sinkt von <em>Proteus vulgaris</em> über <em>Escherichia coli</em> I und III, der atypischen Form VI und <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em> hin ab. Alle fäkalen Streptokokken-Arten liegen, mit Ausnahme von <em>Str. bovis</em>, zwischen dem resistenteren <em>B. cereus</em> und den empfindlicheren Gram-negativen Organismen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 1","pages":"Pages 59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80010-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17836240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Petroleum Fractions for the Production of Single-Cell Protein","authors":"Nizar I. Tawfik ,&nbsp;Abd Al-Galil M. Khalil ,&nbsp;Abou-Zeid A. Abou-Zeid","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80049-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80049-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a deficiency of protein sources, and therefore great efforts are being made towards utilization of petroleum fractions for production of single-cell protein. Most active strains which attack petroleum products are yeasts and bacteria. Production of single-cell protein by yeasts is preferable as yeast cells are easily to be ground and larger than bacterial cells. The main petroleum fractions used in single-cell production are hydrocarbons, especially those containing C₁₂ – C₂₂. Chemical and biochemical conditions controlling fermentative production of single-cell protein are reported. Recovery and purification of cell biomass are also given.</p></div><div><p>Es werden Versuche beschrieben, Petroleumfraktionen zur Erzeugung von mikrobiellem Protein nutzbar zu machen. Am aktivsten werden Petroleumerzeugnisse von Hefen- und Bakterienstämmen angegriffen. Hefen werden dabei bevorzugt, weil sie leicht zu zerkleinern und größer als Bakterienzellen sind. Die zur Erzeugung von Protein verwendeten Petroleumfraktionen sind hauptsächlich Kohlenwasserstoffe (C₁₂ – C₂₂). Es wird über chemische und biochemische Bedingungen bei der Erzeugung von Protein berichtet, ebenso über Rückgewinnung und Reinigung der Zell-Biomasse.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 5","pages":"Pages 433-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80049-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115673108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzyme Activities of Soil in Relation to Moisture Content and Salinity","authors":"M.M. El-Shinnawi ,&nbsp;S.A. El-Shimi","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80092-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80092-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Activities of dehydrogenase, urease, and phosphatase (nuclease) as affected by varying moisture contents in NaCl-treated alluvial clay and calcareous sandy loam soil samples during incubation, as well as by saline water containing different Na: Ca ratios, were studied. Activity of dehydrogenase was directly correlated with the increase in moisture content up to saturation. The optimum moisture content of soil for the activity of both urease and phosphatase was 60 % w.h.c. Addition of NaCl (15 meq/100 <em>g</em>), generally, stimulated the enzyme activities examined in both soils.</p><p>The increase of sodium in the Na : Ca ratio of the saline water (3000 ppm of NaCl + CaCl₂, at 60 % w.h.c.) favoured the activity of nuclease of both soils, and both dehydrogenase and urease of the calcareous soil. Dehydrogenase of the clay soil was favoured at 2 Na : 1 Ca, and urease at 1 : 1 ratio.</p></div><div><p>Es wurde der Einíluß eines NaCl-Zusatzes sowie der Verabreichung von salzhaltigem Wasser mit unterschiedlichen Na : Ca-Verhältnissen auf die Aktivität von Dehydrogenase, Urease und Phosphatase (Nuklease) unter den Bedingungen unterschiedlicher Feuchtigkeitsgehalte in einem alluvialen Ton- und einem kalkhaltigen sandigen Lehmboden geprýft. Die Aktivität der Dehydrogenase korrelierte mit dem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt. Sie war am höchsten bei voller Sättigung. Der optimale Feuchtigkeitsgehalt fýr die Aktivität von Urease und Phosphatase war 60% WK. Zusatz von NaCl in Höhe von 15 mval/100 g Boden stimulierte die Enzymaktivitäten in beiden Böden.</p><p>Verhältnisse Na: Ca ⇒ 1 begýnstigten die Nukleaseaktivität in beiden Böden sowie die Dehydrogenase- und die Ureaseaktivität des kalkhaltigen Bodens. Im alluvialen Tonboden wurde die Dehydrogenaseaktivität durch ein Verhältnis 2 Na: 1 Ca und die Ureaseaktivität durch ein Verhältnis 1 Na: 1 Ca gefördert.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 6","pages":"Pages 471-477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80092-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91975951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms of a lateritic soil","authors":"S. Banik ,&nbsp;B.K. Dey","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80095-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80095-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three efficient phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, isolated from a lateritic soil (Typic Ochragualf), LCB₉, a mixed culture of <em>Bacillus circulans</em> and <em>B. subtilis</em> (B-7648), LCS₄, a <em>Streptomyces</em> sp., and LCF₄, <em>Aspergillus niger</em> van Tieghem were inoculated either alone or in combinations of two with rock phosphate (RP), farm yard manure (FYM), FYM + RP, rice straw (RS), and RS + RP to study their role on the available phosphorus content of the rhizosphere soils and uptake of phosphorus by rice plants (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L. cv. IR-20) and their dry weight at early tillering and preflowering stages of growth in a pot culture experiment with the same soil.</p><p>Available phosphorus content of the rhizosphere soils of IR-20 rice increased with application of FYM + RP and with the inoculation of LCB₉, either alone or with LCF₄. Inoculation of LCB₉ + LCF₄ with RS induced the highest uptake of phosphorus by the rice plants and that of LCB₉ + LCS₄ with RP the dry matter content of the plants at early tillering stage, while inoculation of LCB₉ + LCF₄ with RS + RP resulted in the highest uptake of phosphorus as well as dry matter content at preflowering stage. But on an overall basis, the highest uptake of phosphorus and dry weight of the plants were obtained with the inoculation of LCB₉ + LCF₄, whereas in the case of manures the former was obtained with FYM + RP and the latter with FYM alone. Thus, application of FYM, either with or without RP, and inoculation of LCB₉, either alone or with LCF₄, had beneficial effect with regard to accumulation of available phosphorus in the rhizosphere of rice plants, to their uptake of phosphorus and dry matter content. Incidental accumulation of available phosphorus in the rhizosphere was significantly correlated with the uptake of phosphorus by the plants, but not with the dry weight of the plants at early tillering stage, while there was a constantly significant correlation between the uptake of phosphorus by the plants and their dry weight.</p></div><div><p>Eine Mischkultur aus <em>Bacillus circulans</em> und <em>B. subtilis</em> (LCB₉), ein <em>Streptomyces</em>-Stamm (LCS₄) sowie <em>Aspergillus niger</em> van Tieghem (LCF₄) waren als wirksame phosphatlösende Mikroorganismen aus einem Laterit (typischer Ochragualf) isoliert worden. In einem Gefäßversuch erhielt der gleiche Boden eine Beimpfung mit diesen Mikroorganismen in Verbindung mit Zusätzen von Rohphosphat (RP), Stalldung (FYM), FYM + RP, Reisstroh (RS) und RS + RP. Es wurde geprüft, ob hierdurch der Gehalt an verfügbarem Phosphat in der Rhizosphäre sowie die P-Aufnahme und die Trockenmassebildung von Reispflanzen (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L., Sorte IR-20) im frühen Keimstadium und kurz vor der Blüte beeinflußt werden.","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 6","pages":"Pages 493-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80095-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91975952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nodule-like structures induced on legume roots by the sterile fraction of nucleic acids isolated from Rhizobium species","authors":"R. Beltrá ,&nbsp;F. Díaz ,&nbsp;M. Rubio-Huertos","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80005-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80005-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The total fraction of the nucleic acids, isolated from <em>Rhizobium leguminosarum</em> 113, showed the ability for inducing the formation of nodule-like structures on vetch roots. We found a relationship between strain effectiveness, a higher concentration of amino acids in it, and the ability to form nodule-like structures. In the nodule-like tissues was found a lower nitrogen concentration than in the nodules formed by <em>R. leguminosarum</em> 113. Comparatively studied was the ultrastructure of the root nodules, formed by <em>R. leguminosarum</em> 113 on vetch, and the ultra-structure of the nodule-like tissues, formed by the nucleic acid fraction isolated from <em>R. leguminosarum</em> 113. In the latter, no bacterial forms present in the studied ultrathin section could be observed. These ultrathin sections are described in detail.</p></div><div><p>Die aus <em>Rhizobium leguminosarum</em> 113 isolierte Gesamtfraktion der Nukleinsäuren zeigte die Fähigkeit, knöllchenähnliche Strukturen an Wickenwurzeln hervorzurufen. Es bestand eine Beziehung zwischen der Leistungsfähigkeit des Stammes, seiner höheren Konzentration an Aminosäuren und der Fähigkeit der Bildung von knöllchenähnlichen Geweben. In diesen war die Stickstoffkonzentration niedriger als in den von <em>Rhizobium leguminosarum</em> 113 gebildeten Knöllchen. Vergleichende elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an den durch <em>R. leguminosarum</em> 113 gebildeten Knöllchen und den durch die isolierte Nukleinsäurefraktion hervorgerufenen knöllchenähnlichen Strukturen ergaben Abwesenheit bakterieller Formen in den Ultradünnschnitten letzterer. Die Ultradünnschnitte werden im einzelnen beschrieben.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 1","pages":"Pages 31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80005-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124180790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation of Light and Organo-mineral Fractions of Soil Organic Matter in Nitrogen Mineralization in a Sahelian Savanna Soil","authors":"F. Bernhard-Reversat","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80078-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80078-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A tropical semi-arid soil was fractionated by successive wet sieving at 200 <em>μ</em>m and 50 <em>μ</em>m in order to separate two light fractions, two mineral fractions, and one organo-mineral fraction. Each fraction was incubated separately for N mineralization.</p><p>It was observed that 60 to 80 per cent of mineral N, produced in the whole soil was due to the organo-mineral fraction. Expressed as per cent of total N in the fraction, mineralized N was higher in organo-mineral fraction than in light fractions, and was weakly correlated with C/N ratio. Mineralized N decreased with soil depth in all fractions.</p></div><div><p>Durch aufeinanderfolgende Naßsiebung bei 200 und 50 μm wurde ein semi-arider tropischer Boden in zwei „leichte“ (gewonnen durch Flotation), zwei mineralische und eine organo-mineralische Fraktion getrennt. An jeder Fraktion wurde die N-Mineralisation während einer 20tägigen Bebrütung bestimmt.</p><p>Etwa 60 – 80% des insgesamt mineralisierten Stickstoffs entstammte der organisch-mineralischen Fraktion. In Prozent des Gesamt-N einer Fraktion ausgedrückt, war der Anteil des mineralisierten N in der organisch-mineralischen Fraktion höher als in der „leichten“ und korrelierte schwach mit dem C: N-Verhältnis. In allen Fraktionen sank die Menge an mineralisiertem N mit der Bodentiefe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 4","pages":"Pages 281-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80078-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125060397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pelleting moong (Vigna radiata) and gram (Cicer arietinum) seeds with cow-dung and charcoal","authors":"R.S. Bhatnagar ,&nbsp;K.S. Jauhri ,&nbsp;V. Iswaran","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80006-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80006-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a pot experiment, inoculation of moong (<em>Vigna radiata</em>) and gram (<em>Cicer arietinum</em>) seeds with <em>Rhizobium</em> followed by pelleting with cow-dung improved nodulation, rhizobial counts per seed and the grain yield. This was observed with grain legumes and not with fodder crops like berseem (<em>Trifolium alexandrium</em>) and lucerne (<em>Medicago sativa</em>).</p></div><div><p>In einem Gefäßversuch wurde festgestellt, daß die Beimpfung des Saatgutes von <em>Vigna radiata</em> und <em>Cicer arietinum</em> die Knöllchenbildung und sowohl die Zahl der Rhizobien als auch den Kornertrag erhöhte. Dasselbe konnte nicht bei den Grünfutterpflanzen <em>Trifolium alexandrinum</em> und <em>Medicago sativa</em> nachgewiesen werden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 1","pages":"Pages 42-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80006-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115251537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of bacterial indicators of pollution from sewage via combined treatment techniques","authors":"Fatma A. El-Gohary ,&nbsp;Sohair I. Abo-El Ela ,&nbsp;H.T. El-Zanfaly","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80035-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80035-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Raw sewage has been treated via combined biological physicochemical techniques to investigate the feasibility of the system in removing the bacterial indicators of pollution. Two pilot units were designed for this purpose. The first stage in both systems was a biological unit simulating a plastic packed trickling filter. The second stage was either coagulation followed by sedimentation or coagulation followed by dissolved air flotation. The coagulants used were ferric chloride and alum. Calcium oxide was used as a coagulant aid and to adjust the <em>p</em>H value when ferric chloride was used. The two treatment techniques proved to be very efficient in removing the bacterial indicators of pollution. However, the use of biological treatment followed by dissolved air flotation proved to be more efficient. The use of alum as a coagulant achieved slightly better results than ferric chloride in both combined techniques. The bacterial cells were destabilized and removed from solution concurrently with other colloidal material. Total and faecal coliforms reduction rates reached 100%. Complete removal of the enterococcus group has been observed. The total viable bacterial counts reduction exceeds 99.999 %.</p></div><div><p>Mit Hilfe biologischer und physikalisch-chemischer Methoden wurde die Beseitigung von Coli-formen, fäkalen Coliformen und fäkalen Streptokokken aus Abwasser untersucht. Es wurden zwei Versuchsanlagen konstruiert. Die erste Stufe jeder Anlage war die Simulierung eines Tropfkörpers mit Plastik-Packing. Die zweite Stufe der ersten Anlage war eine chemische Behandlung und die der zweiten eine Druckluft-Flotation. Als Flockungsmittel wurden Eisenchlorid und Alaun benutzt.</p><p>Beide Methoden waren für die Beseitigung der Bakterien gut geeignet. Flotation nach der biologischen Behandlung war jedoch noch wirkungsvoller, desgleichen Alaun gegenüber Eisenchlorid als Flockungsmittel. Die Bakterienzellen wurden destabilisiert und mit den anderen Kolloiden beseitigt. Die Beseitigung der Coliformen gelang lOOprozentig, die Reduktion der Bakterien bis zu 99,9 %.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 2","pages":"Pages 137-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80035-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121676839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizosphere Microflora in Relation to Soil Conditions. Part II: Rhizosphere and Soil “Coliform” Bacteria","authors":"A. Deavin ,&nbsp;R.K. Horsgood ,&nbsp;Volker Rusch","doi":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80051-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80051-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A method for the micro-biological evaluation of soil fertility developed by H. P. Ritsch is described and investigated. The method aims to take into account the influence of microbial activity in the rhizosphere on plant growth. The enrichment of rhizosphere soil by root exudates is simulated by incubation of a soil with sugars (glucose-lactose); an incubation without added sugars acts as a control. Endo-agar is used to detect the presence of “coliforms” in the incubated soil suspensions. The method was able to distinguish between high and low fertility soils.</p><p>“Coliforms” were shown to be present in greater numbers in the wheat rhizosphere compared with the soil, and were also isolated from cabbage rhizosphere.</p></div><div><p>Eine von H. P. Rusch entwickelte mikrobiologische Methode zur Bewertung der Bodenfruchtbarkeit wird beschrieben und einer näheren Betrachtung unterworfen. Diese Methode nimmt in Anspruch, den Einfluß der mikrobiellen Aktivität der Rhizosphäre auf das Pflanzenwachstum zu bemessen. Durch das Bebrüten von Böden in Aufschwemmungen mit Glukose und Laktose simuliert dieses Verfahren die Anreicherung der Rhizosphäre durch Wurzelausscheidungen. Als Kontrolle dient das Bebrüten von Aufschwemmungen ohne Zuckerzugabe. Zur Isolation „coliformer“ Bakterien aus den bebrüteten Aufschwemmungen werden Endo-Platten verwendet. Die Methode eignet sich zum Erkennen von Unterschieden zwischen fruchtbaren und weniger fruchtbaren Böden.</p><p>„Coliforme“ Bakterien kamen im Vergleich zum Boden in größeren Anzahlen in der Rhizosphäre von Weizen vor. Aus der Rhizosphäre von Kohl konnten ebenfalls „Coliforme“ isoliert werden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76869,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Mikrobiologie der Landwirtschaft der Technologie und des Umweltschutzes","volume":"136 8","pages":"Pages 619-627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0323-6056(81)80051-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134124257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}