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Improving the specificity of digoxin immunoassays. 提高地高辛免疫分析的特异性。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01
R Valdes
{"title":"Improving the specificity of digoxin immunoassays.","authors":"R Valdes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The overall reliability of measuring digoxin in serum improved significantly with the discovery and application of immunoassays. However, because of the low concentration of digoxin being measured, its narrow therapeutic range in serum, and the presence of endogenous digoxin-like immunoreactive factors (DLIF), developing assays for measuring digoxin still pose formidable challenges. In this presentation, recent developments in the characterization of DLIF from bovine adrenal cortex and human serum are described. Data accumulated to date suggest there is one principal endogenous molecular factor (DLIF) in humans that cross-reacts with anti-digoxin antibodies. This factor exists at sufficiently high concentrations in some patients to interfere with measurements of digoxin by most digoxin immunoassays. All digoxin immunoassays should be tested to interference from this endogenous factor. Various techniques for reducing DLIF cross-reactivity are reviewed. The isolation and purification of DLIF now provides new approaches for selecting specific anti-digoxin antibodies used in developing more accurate digoxin immunoassays.</p>","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"191 ","pages":"55-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12678490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Liquid chromatographic analysis of phenobarbital, phenytoin, and theophylline. 苯巴比妥、苯妥英和茶碱的液相色谱分析。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01
D Hannak, P Haux, F Scharbert, R Kattermann
{"title":"Liquid chromatographic analysis of phenobarbital, phenytoin, and theophylline.","authors":"D Hannak,&nbsp;P Haux,&nbsp;F Scharbert,&nbsp;R Kattermann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sera from the routine of therapeutic drug monitoring were assayed for phenobarbital, phenytoin, and theophylline with three different methods: fluorescence polarization immunoassay as the standard procedure, the new CEDIA assays within a multicenter evaluation and HPLC which is known to yield results with a high specificity. CVs for between-day imprecision ranged from 2.6-8.6%, depending on the concentration of the drugs. There was a tendency to lower CVs for the HPLC procedure. Accuracy was verified with commercial control materials and spiked sera and proved to be satisfactory for all three methods and parameters. The linear range was approx. twice as wide for the HPLC compared with the other methods. The method comparisons were quite favorable. Deviations occurred mainly in the subtherapeutic concentration range.</p>","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"191 ","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12679264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The dosage alone determines whether a substance is toxic. 剂量本身决定了一种物质是否有毒。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01
R Valdes, I Domke
{"title":"The dosage alone determines whether a substance is toxic.","authors":"R Valdes,&nbsp;I Domke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"191 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12679265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Organization of the laboratory and practicability of methods for electrolyte determination]. [实验室的组织和电解质测定方法的实用性]。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01
H Baadenhuijsen
{"title":"[Organization of the laboratory and practicability of methods for electrolyte determination].","authors":"H Baadenhuijsen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Requirements, possibilities, and pitfalls of electrolyte (sodium, potassium, and chloride) analysis are reviewed within the light of the experiences in the Academic Hospital St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. In view of the ever increasing demands on short turnaround times, attention is paid to problems with specimen delivery, instrumentation and data distribution. The precision levels of available alternatives for electrolyte analysis namely: flame photometry, direct and indirect ion selective electrode methods, dry chemistry, and the newly developed enzymatic approach for sodium and potassium analysis are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"192 ","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12672063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Incidence of acute mountain sickness at intermediate altitude in the Austrian alps]. [奥地利阿尔卑斯山中海拔地区急性高山病的发病率]。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01
G Röggla, M Röggla, M M Hirschl, A Wagner, A N Laggner
{"title":"[Incidence of acute mountain sickness at intermediate altitude in the Austrian alps].","authors":"G Röggla,&nbsp;M Röggla,&nbsp;M M Hirschl,&nbsp;A Wagner,&nbsp;A N Laggner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"194 ","pages":"7-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12462243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Observations on the cost effectiveness of various methods of electrolyte determination]. 【各种电解质测定方法的成本效益观察】。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01
S L Braun, W Vogt
{"title":"[Observations on the cost effectiveness of various methods of electrolyte determination].","authors":"S L Braun,&nbsp;W Vogt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New analytical methods have to be considered also with respect to their economic efficiency. Here we present the application of an economic analysis based on the rules of applied economics in our institute for clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine. We started with an analysis of laboratory structure and economic efficiency in 1988, which since then has been followed by a continuously performed laboratory controlling system. The results of unit costing show the different cost groups, which add up to the cost of a single electrolyte determination. Regarding the transferability of our data to other laboratories, one has to consider that the main cost groups besides personnel cost are the apportionment of the overhead cost and the depreciation cost; both may vary markedly between each laboratory. Variable cost (reagents and consumables) differ widely from flame photometry to enzymatic electrolyte determination, but they amount only to 3-15% of the total cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"192 ","pages":"32-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12672064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Receptor kinetics and concentration-effect relation of cardiac glycosides. 心脏糖苷受体动力学及浓度效应关系。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01
W Schaumann, B Kaufmann
{"title":"Receptor kinetics and concentration-effect relation of cardiac glycosides.","authors":"W Schaumann,&nbsp;B Kaufmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Therapeutic and toxic actions of cardiac glycosides are attributed to an inhibition of Na, K-ATPase. The therapeutically relevant range is between 25% and 50% inhibition. There is a good correlation between the average steady state serum concentration of glycosides and their therapeutic action. However, therapeutic and toxic effects set in with a latency and therefore do not follow the daily variations in glycoside concentration. Although the effect follows the average serum concentrations, only the minimal concentration is measured. In principle this is only adequate if the ratio of average/minimal concentration is constant. A model calculation showed that with a constant average steady state concentration an increase in the distribution volume or a decrease in total body clearance with corresponding reduction of the daily dose lead to an increase of the minimal concentrations of 5-7%. This means a corresponding underestimation of the average concentration from the minimum concentration. However, the deviations are too small to be of clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"191 ","pages":"52-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12498574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Asymptomatic cardiac insufficiency--therapy with ACE inhibitors. Wien, 4-5 December 1992. Abstracts]. 无症状性心功能不全——ACE抑制剂治疗。维也纳，1992年12月4日至5日。摘要]。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1992-01-01
{"title":"[Asymptomatic cardiac insufficiency--therapy with ACE inhibitors. Wien, 4-5 December 1992. Abstracts].","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"195 ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12536279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Clinical symptoms and diagnostic criteria in polyradiculitis--Landry Guillain Barré]. [多根炎的临床症状和诊断标准-Landry Guillain barr<s:1>]。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1991-01-01
W Grisold, M Drlicek, U Liszka
{"title":"[Clinical symptoms and diagnostic criteria in polyradiculitis--Landry Guillain Barré].","authors":"W Grisold,&nbsp;M Drlicek,&nbsp;U Liszka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute polyradiculitis (\"acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculitis--AIDP\" or the Landry-Guillain-Barré syndrome--GBS) is an acute inflammatory disease of the peripheral nervous system. Despite extremely severe courses and complications, the prognosis is favourable for the majority of patients. The typical clinical course is featured by non-characteristic sensory symptoms following an infection, with ensuing ascending motor signs and symptoms which, in 80% of the patients, reach a maximum within two weeks. The legs are usually involved before the arms. About 50% of the patients show involvement of cranial nerves. In the acute phase, respiratory insufficiency and autonomous dysfunctions may occur. For diagnosis, predominantly clinical criteria are used according to the criteria summarized by Asbury.</p>","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"190 ","pages":"3-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12935458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Excretion of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase in urine of patients with kidney transplants and workers exposed to cadmium]. [肾移植患者和接触镉工人尿液中β - n -乙酰氨基葡萄糖酶的排泄]。
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum Pub Date : 1991-01-01
K Jung, F Priem, H Stolte, H J Graubaum, G May
{"title":"[Excretion of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase in urine of patients with kidney transplants and workers exposed to cadmium].","authors":"K Jung,&nbsp;F Priem,&nbsp;H Stolte,&nbsp;H J Graubaum,&nbsp;G May","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new colorimetric test for kinetic determination of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity in urine is evaluated according to the diagnostic usefulness in patients after kidney transplantation and in workers exposed to cadmium. The new test is suited to monitor renal parenchymal alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":76822,"journal":{"name":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. Supplementum","volume":"189 ","pages":"56-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13120872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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